1、Designation: C 508 00 (Reapproved 2004)American Association StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: M189-81IStandard Specification forAsbestos-Cement Underdrain Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 508; the number immediately following the designation indi
2、cates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers asbestos-cement
3、 perforatedand plain pipe intended for use in the conveyance of drainagewater for the subsurface drainage of highways, airports, farms,foundations, and other similar drainage work.1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnote
4、s(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any
5、, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 150 Specification for Portland CementC 458 Test M
6、ethod for Organic Fiber Content of Asbestos-Cement ProductsC 500 Test Methods for Asbestos-Cement PipeC 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC 608 Method of Test for Brittle Ring Tensile Strength ofChemically Setting Silicate and Silica Chemical-ResistantMortarsC 618 Specification for Coal
7、 Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral Admixture inConcreteD 2946 Terminology for Asbestos and Asbestos-CementProducts2.2 Federal Standard:No. 123 Marking for Shipment Civil Agencies32.3 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage32.4 Other Standards:Uni
8、form Freight Classification Rules4National Motor Freight Classification Rules53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 coupling, ncomponent made from a larger diameterpipe of the same type or class, or of Type II and a higher class,or produced otherwise to yield at least equal performance, forjoining asb
9、estos-cement pipe that when properly installed,forms a silt-tight joint, allows alignment corrections and slightchanges in direction, and provides an assembled joint equiva-lent in serviceability and strength to the pipe sections.3.1.2 loteach 400 m (1300 ft) of pipe or less of a giventype and size
10、manufactured on each machine during a 24-hperiod.3.2 Additional terminology is given in TerminologyD 2946.4. Sizes and Types4.1 Asbestos-cement underdrain pipe furnished under thisspecification shall be known as “asbestos-cement underdrainpipe.” It shall be furnished in nominal inside diameters of 1
11、0,15, 20, 25, and 30 cm (4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 in.). The types of pipeshall be known as Type I and Type II corresponding to thechemical requirements given in Section 9.NOTE 1To assist the purchaser in choosing the type of pipe mostsuitable for his use, guidelines for the definition of aggressiveness o
12、f water1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C17 onFiber-Cement Products and is the direct responsibility of C17.03 on Asbestos-Cement Sheet Products and Accessories.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published January 2005. Originallyapproved in 1963. Last previous edi
13、tion approved in 2000 as C 50800.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardizat
14、ion Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.4Available from the Uniform Classification Commission, Room 1106, 222 S.Riverside Plaza, Chicago, IL 60606.5Available from National Motor Freight Inc., 1616 P. St., N.W., Washington, DC20036.1Copyr
15、ight ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.and of soil environments for selection of the proper type of asbestos-cement pipe are covered in the appropriate sections of Test MethodsC 500.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Asbestos-cement
16、underdrain pipe shall be composed ofan intimate mixture of portland cement or portland blast-furnace slag cement described in Specification C 150 orportland blast-furnace slag or pozzolan cements described inSpecification C 595 and asbestos fiber with or without finesilica or additives containing su
17、ch silica meeting SpecificationC 608 that is capable of reacting completely to yield calciumsilicate reaction products upon autoclaving; and asbestos fiber.The mixture shall not contain more than 0.2 % of nondelete-rious organic matter as determined by Test Method C 458. Thematerial shall be of lami
18、nar construction, formed under pres-sure to a homogeneous structure, and cured to meet thephysical and chemical requirements of this specification.6. Crushing Strength6.1 Crushing tests shall be conducted before shipment. Pipeof 30 cm (1 ft lengths) cut from unmachined portions of thepipe shall have
19、 the minimum crushing strength prescribed inTable 1 when tested in accordance with the Procedure sectionof Test Methods C 500, except that when the perforatedunderdrain pipe is tested, the sample shall contain four circum-ferential rows of holes with the first row 4 cm (1.5 in.) from theend. The spe
20、cimen shall be tested with the line of symmetry ofthe rows facing downward, with the rows of holes being in thelower two quadrants.6.2 In case a specimen fails to meet the crushing testrequirement, refer to 13.3.7. Couplings7.1 Each standard, short, or random length of pipe shall beprovided with a c
21、oupling for the purpose of maintainingalignment and to ensure close joints.8. Fittings8.1 Asbestos-cement underdrain pipe fittings shall be suit-able in size, type, crushing strength, and design for the pipewith which they will be furnished.9. Chemical Requirements9.1 When tested in accordance with
22、the Procedure section ofTest Methods C 500, the amount of uncombined calciumhydroxide shall not exceed 1.0 % for Type II pipe.NOTE 2There are no chemical requirements for Type I Pipe.9.2 If the uncombined calcium hydroxide exceeds 1 %, referto 13.4.10. Sizes and Dimensions10.1 The nominal standard l
23、ength for asbestos-cement un-derdrain pipe shall be either 3 or 4 m (10 or 13 ft).Amaximumof 15 % of the total footage of any one size and type for anyorder may be furnished, at the manufacturers option, in pipelengths shorter than specified nominal, but not shorter than 2 m(7 ft). These shall be te
24、rmed random lengths.10.2 A tolerance of 25 mm (1 in.) shall apply to nominalstandard lengths, and 152 mm (6 in.) shall apply to randomlengths. For billing purposes, random lengths shall be classifiedto 150-mm (6-in.) increments, allowing a tolerance of + 125and 25 mm ( + 5 and 1 in.).10.3 The averag
25、e inside diameter of the pipe shall not beless than nominal by 6 mm (0.25 in.) or 112 %, whichever isgreater.11. Perforations11.1 Perforations, when required, shall be circular holes, 66 1.5 mm (0.25 6 0.05 in.) in diameter, arranged in rowsparallel to the axis of the pipe. Perforations shall be app
26、roxi-mately 75 mm (3 in.) center-to-center, along the rows. Rowsshall be arranged in two equal groups on either side of thevertical center line of the pipe, and the total number of rowsshall be as shown in Table 2. The lowermost rows of perfora-tions in each group shall be separated by an arc of 1.6
27、 rad (90)and the upper most rows of perforations in each group shall beseparated by an arc of 2.8 rad (160). The spacing of rowsbetween these limits shall be uniform. Holes are not prohibitedfrom appearing at the ends of short and random lengths.12. Sampling12.1 All material tested under this specif
28、ication shall be in anormal processed condition and at moisture equilibrium withthe atmosphere.12.2 For crushing tests, select one full length of pipe fromeach lot of each size and type of pipe. Cut one test specimen 30cm (12 in.) long from the unmachined portion of the selectedlength of pipe. (Warn
29、ingWhen cutting asbestos-cementproducts minimize the dust that results. Prolonged or frequentbreathing of significant airborne concentrations of silica orasbestos dust is hazardous. When such dusts are generated,effective measures shall be taken to prevent inhalation. Refer toapproved techniques.6.)
30、6Available from Asbestos International Association, 1235 Jefferson DavisHighway, PMB 114, Arlington, VA 22202.TABLE 1 Crushing StrengthNominal Size Min Crushing Loadcm (in.) kNm (lbf/ft)10 (4) 15 (1000)15 (6) 16 (1100)20 (8) 19 (1300)25 (10) 20 (1400)30 (12) 22 (1500)TABLE 2 PerforationsNominal Size
31、 Rows of Perforationscm (in.)10 (4) 415 (6) 420 (8) 425 (10) 630 (12) 6C 508 00 (2004)212.3 When uncombined calcium hydroxide tests are re-quested (Section 9), one sample shall be taken from each lot ofpipe. The sample to be tested shall be taken from any one of thespecimens selected for the crushin
32、g test.13. Inspection and Rejection13.1 All material furnished under this specification shallconform to the requirements stated herein and shall be sub-jected to the factory inspection and tests prescribed in thisspecification. When requested by the purchaser on his order,the manufacturer shall noti
33、fy the purchaser of the time that theinspection and testing will take place so that the purchaser shallarrange for witnessing such tests and inspections at his ownexpense. In lieu of such inspection, when requested, themanufacturer shall be prepared to certify that his productconforms to the require
34、ments of this specification.13.2 Each pipe and coupling shall be inspected by themanufacturer before shipment for compliance with the stan-dards for dimensions, tolerances, and workmanship and finish(see Section 10).13.3 Failure of any specimen tested for crushing strength towithstand 75 % of the lo
35、ad specified in Section 6 shall be causefor rejection of the lot from which the test specimen was taken.When any specimen tested for crushing strength withstandsover 75 % but under 100 % of the load specified in Section 6,one specimen shall be cut from each of two additional pipes ofthe same lot. Fa
36、ilure of either of these additional specimens tomeet the strength requirements of Section 6 shall be cause forrejection of the entire lot from which the original sample wastaken.13.4 If the results of the uncombined calcium hydroxide testshow the sample failed to meet the specification requirements,
37、two additional specimens shall be selected and sampled fortest. The failure of one of these two additional samples to meetthe specification requirements of Section 9 shall be cause forrejection of the lot.14. Marking and Shipping14.1 Standard and Random LengthsEach standard orrandom length of pipe s
38、hall be marked clearly on the outsidesurface with the trade name, nominal inside diameter, type, anddate of manufacture in alkali resistant ink or indelible paint.14.2 All pipe and couplings, unless otherwise specified,shall be prepared for standard commercial shipment.15. Keywords15.1 asbestos-ceme
39、nt; drainage; perforated; pipe; subsur-face; underdrainSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall apply when material is supplied under thisspecification for U.S. Government procurement.S1 PackagingS1.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract, the materialshall be pa
40、ckaged in accordance with the producers standardpractice which will be acceptable to the carrier at lowest rates.Containers and packing shall comply with Uniform FreightClassification Rules or National Motor Freight ClassificationRules. Marking for shipment of such material shall be inaccordance wit
41、h Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies andMIL-STD-129 for military agencies.S2. Responsibility for InspectionS2.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the producer is responsible for the testing of all materialto assure compliance with the requirements specified herein.Except
42、 as otherwise specified in the contract or order, theproducer shall use his own or any other suitable facilities forthe performance of the inspection and test requirements speci-fied herein, unless disapproved by the purchaser. The purchasershall have the right to perform any of the inspections and
43、testsset forth in this specification where such inspections aredeemed necessary to assure that material conforms to pre-scribed requirements.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this
44、 standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five year
45、s andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committ
46、ee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).C 508 00 (2004)3
