1、2007年中国人民大学考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Tom doesnt think that the_situation here is as good as his hometowns. （ A） economics （ B） economic （ C） economy （ D） economical 2 _the increase in the number of computers in our offices, the amount of paper hat we need has risen as well. （ A） A
2、long with （ B） Altogether （ C） Although （ D） All along 3 The food was divided_according to the age and size of the child. （ A） equally （ B） individually （ C） sufficiently （ D） proportionally 4 Our new firm_ for a credible, aggressive individual with great skills to fill this position. （ A） have look
3、ed （ B） are looking （ C） is looking （ D） look 5 Plastic bags are useful for holding many kinds of food, _ their cleanness, toughness and low cost. （ A） by virtue of （ B） in addition to （ C） for the sake of （ D） as opposed to 6 He_himself bitterly for his miserable behavior that evening. （ A） repeale
4、d （ B） resented （ C） replayed （ D） reproached 7 Many of the fads of the 1970s_as todays latest fashions. （ A） are being revived （ B） is revised （ C） are revoked （ D） is being reviled 8 All of the international delegates attending the conference_to bring a souvenir from their own countries. （ A） has
5、asked （ B） is asking （ C） were asked （ D） was asking 9 Britains hope of a gold medal in the Olympic Games suffered _ yesterday, when Hunter failed to qualify during preliminary session. （ A） a severe set-back （ B） sharp set-back （ C） a severe blown-up （ D） sharp blown-up 10 If you want to do well on
6、 the exam, you_on the directions that the professor gives and take exact notes. （ A） will have concentrated （ B） have to concentrate （ C） will be concentrated （ D） will be concentrating 11 What_about that article in the newspaper was that its writer showed all attitude cool enough, professional enou
7、gh and, therefore, cruel enough when facing that tragedy. （ A） worked me out （ B） knocked me out （ C） brought me up （ D） put me forward 12 Since his injury was serious, the doctor suggested that he_in the game. （ A） did not play （ B） must not play （ C） not play （ D） not to play 13 According to the l
8、atest report, consumer confidence _ a breathtaking 15 points last month, to its lowest level in ten years. （ A） soared （ B） mutated （ C） plummeted （ D） fluctuated 14 Our car trunk_with suitcases and we could hardly make room for anything. （ A） went cramming （ B） was crammed （ C） is cramming （ D） was
9、 been crammed 15 The secretary didnt know who he was, or she_him more politely. （ A） will be treating （ B） would have treated （ C） was treating （ D） would have been treated 16 The instructions on how to use the new machine_that nobody seemed to be able to understand. （ A） were very simplistic （ B） w
10、as very confused （ C） were so confusing （ D） was so simplistic 17 John played basketball in college and_active ever since. （ A） have extremely been （ B） has been extremely （ C） will be extremely （ D） should extremely be 18 The_of the spring water attracts a lot of visitors from all over the country.
11、 （ A） clash （ B） clarify （ C） clarity （ D） clatter 19 _the gift in beautiful green paper, Sarah departed for the party. （ A） Having wrapped （ B） To wrap （ C） Wrap （ D） Wrapping 20 The advertisement for Super Suds detergent_ that the sale has increased by 25% in the first quarter of the year. （ A） ha
12、ve been so successful （ B） had been so successful （ C） has been so successful （ D） will be so successful 21 Tom and Alice_having a new car to replace their old one for years. （ A） has been dreaming of （ B） have been dreaming of （ C） has dreamed_ （ D） will have dreamed 22 When the air in a certain sp
13、ace is squeezed to occupy a smaller space, the air is said to be_. （ A） commenced （ B） compressed （ C） compromised （ D） compensated 23 _the heavy pollution, the city officials have decided to cancel school for the day. （ A） Prior （ B） By means of （ C） Due to （ D） Through 24 Our boss is taking everyo
14、ne to the ballet tonight, and I need to make sure my new dress_for the occasion. （ A） has been cleaned （ B） should have been cleaned （ C） is being cleaned （ D） has been cleaning 25 Peters mother kept telling him that _ in the street is dangerous, but he would not listen. （ A） played （ B） will play （
15、 C） playing （ D） been playing 26 A knowledge of history_us to deal with the vast range of problems confronting the contemporary world. （ A） equips （ B） provides （ C） offers （ D） satisfies 27 He wouldnt even think of wearing clothes; _they make him look so old! （ A） same （ B） despite （ C） such （ D） t
16、hat 28 Mary finally decided_all the junk she had kept in the garage. （ A） get rid （ B） gotten rid of （ C） getting rid of （ D） to get rid of 29 The team leader of mountain climbers marked out_. （ A） that seemed to be the best route （ B） what seemed to be the best route （ C） which seemed to be tile be
17、st route （ D） something that to be the best route 30 Tom Jones, who_around the world, will come to Asia next month. （ A） will be touring （ B） have toured （ C） had been touring （ D） has been touring 31 The paint on the clowns face_ that it scared the children he was trying to entertain. （ A） was so e
18、xaggeration （ B） were an exaggeration （ C） was such an exaggeration （ D） was exaggerating 32 Men often wait longer to get help for medical problems than women, and_, women live about six years longer than men on an average. （ A） instead of （ B） constantly （ C） consequently （ D） because 33 The_emphas
19、is on exams is by far the wont form of competition in schools. （ A） negligent （ B） edible （ C） fabulous （ D） disproportionate 34 There is_conflicting information on how much iron women need in their diet. （ A） so much （ B） so many （ C） too few （ D） a few 35 It must guarantee freedom of expression, t
20、o the end that all_to the flow of ideas shall be removed. （ A） prophecies （ B） transactions （ C） arguments （ D） hindrances 36 Not until the 1980s_in Beijing start to find ways to preserve historic buildings from destruction. （ A） some concerned citizens （ B） some concerning citizens （ C） did some co
21、ncerning citizens （ D） did some concerned citizens 37 After failing his mid-term exams, Jeremy was_face his parents. （ A） too ashamed to （ B） too embarrassing to （ C） very ashamed of （ D） very embarrassing to 38 My grandmother has been going to a better dentist, so this_problems she is having with h
22、er dentures. （ A） wont eliminate （ B） will be elimination （ C） should have been eliminated （ D） should help eliminate 39 He told a story about his sister who was in a sad_when she was ill and had no money. （ A） plight （ B） polarization （ C） plague （ D） pigment 40 During her two-week stay in Beijing,
23、 Elizabeth never_ a chrome (chance) to practice her Chinese. （ A） passed by （ B） passed on （ C） passed out （ D） passed up 二、 Reading Comprehension 40 British food has a good reputation, but English cooking has a bad one. It is difficult to explain the reason for this. Unfortunately, however, superb
24、raw ingredients are often mined from the kitchen so that they come to the table without any of the natural flavor and goodness. This bad reputation discourages a lot of people from eating in an English restaurant. If they do go to one, they are usually full of prejudice against the food. It is a pit
25、y, because there are excellent cooks in England, excellent restaurants, and excellent home-cooking. How, then, has the bad reputation been built up? Perhaps one reason is that Britains Industrial Revolution occurred very early, in the middle of the nineteenth century. As a result; the quality of foo
26、d changed too. This was because Britain stopped being a largely agricultural country. The population of the towns increased enormously between 1840 and 1870, and people could no longer grow their own food, or buy it flesh from a farm. Huge quantities of food had to be taken to the towns, and a lot o
27、f it lost its freshness on the way. This lack of freshness was disguised by “dressing up“ the food. The rich middle classes ate 16ng elaborate meals which were cooked for them by French chefs. French became, and has remained, the official language of the dining room. Out-of-season delicacies were se
28、rved in spite of their expense, for there were a large number of extremely wealthy people who wanted to establish themselves socially. The “look“ of the food was more important than its taste. In the 1930s, the supply of servant began to decrease. People still tried to produce complicated dishes, ho
29、wever, but they economized on the preparation time. The Second World War made things even worse by making raw ingredients extremely scarce. As a result, there were many women who never had the opportunity to choose a piece of meat from a well-stocked butchers shop, but were content and grateful to a
30、ccept anything that was offered to them. Food rationing continued in Britain until the early 1950s. It was only after this had stopped, and butter, eggs and cream became more plentiful, and it was possible to travel abroad again and taste other ways of preparing food, that the English difference to
31、eating became replaced by a new enthusiasm for it. 41 According to the author, it is difficult to explain_. （ A） why excellent ingredients are spoiled in the process of cooking （ B） why people do not like English cooking （ C） why British food often has a natural flavor （ D） why people prefer home-co
32、oking to ready made food 42 The negative effect of Britains Industrial Revolution on English cooking is that （ A） the population in the countryside decreased dramatically （ B） people no longer grew their own food on their own farms （ C） the freshness of food was lost on the way to the cities （ D） Br
33、itain was no longer an agricultural country 43 As a result of the Industrial Revolution, _. （ A） more attention was given to the look of the food （ B） French became the official language in English restaurants （ C） a large number of extremely wealthy people ate in French restaurants （ D） out-of-seas
34、on delicacies became very expensive 44 The Second World War worsened the problem because_. （ A） there was an increasing demand for servants （ B） there was a lack of raw ingredient supply （ C） many women refused to choose meat from butchers shops （ D） French chefs dominated English restaurants 45 A n
35、ew enthusiasm for eating emerged in Britain_. （ A） when many women finally had the opportunity to purchase flesh meat from a well-stocked butchers shop （ B） when butter, eggs and cream became available （ C） when people started traveling to other cities （ D） after the early 1950s 45 In his typically
36、American open style of communication, Mr. Hayes confronted Isabeta about not looking at him. Reluctantly, she explained why. As a newcomer from Mexico, she had been taught to avoid eye contact as a mark of respect to authority figures, teachers, employers, parents. Mr. Hayes did not know this. He th
37、en informed her that most Americans interpret lack of eye contact as disrespect and deviousness. Ultimately, he convinced Isabela to try and change her habit, which she slowly did. People from many Asian, Latin American, and Caribbean cultures also avoid eye contact as a sign of respect. Many Africa
38、n Americans, especially from the South, observe this custom, too. A masters thesis by Samuel Avoian, a graduate student at Central Missouri State University, tells how misinterpreting eye-contact customs can have a negative impact when white football coaches recruit African American players for the
39、teams. He reports that, when speaking, white communicators usually look away from the listener, only periodically glancing at them. They do the opposite when listening. They are expected to look at the speaker all the time. Many African Americans communicate in an opposite way. When speaking, they t
40、end to constantly stare at the listener; when listening, they mostly look away. Therefore, if white sports recruiters are not informed about these significant differences, they can be misled about interest and attentiveness when interviewing prospective African American ball players. In multicultura
41、l America, issues of eye contact have brought about social conflicts of two different kinds in many urban centers, non-Korean customers became angry when Korean shopkeepers did not look at them directly. The customers translated the lack of eye contact as a sign of disrespect, a habit blamed for con
42、tributing to the open confrontation taking place between some Asians and African Americans in New York, Texas, and California. Many teachers too have provided stories about classroom conflicts based on their misunderstanding Asian and Latin American children lack of eye contact as being disrespectfu
43、l. On the other hand, direct eye contact has now taken on a new meaning among the younger generation and across ethnic borders. Particularly in urban centers, when one teenager looks directly at another, this is considered a provocation, sometimes called mad-dogging, and can lead to physical conflic
44、t. Mad-dogging has become the source of many campus conflicts. In one high school, it resulted in a fight between Cambodian newcomers and African-American students. The Cambodians had been staring at the other students merely to learn how Americans behave, yet the others misinterpreted the Cambodian
45、s intentions and the fight began. Mad-dogging seems to be connected with the avoidance of eye contact as a sign of respect. Thus, in the urban contemporary youth scene, if one looks directly at another, this disrespects, or “disses,“ that person. Much like the archaic phrase “I demand satisfaction,“
46、 which became the overture to a duel. Mad-dogging may become a prelude to a physical encounter. At the entrances to Universal Studios “City Walk“ attraction in Los Angeles, they have posted Code of Conduct signs. The second rule warns against “ physically over bally threatening any person, fighting,
47、 annoying others through noisy or boisterous activities or by unnecessary staring. “ 46 Many African Americans from the South_. （ A） adopt a typically American open style of communication （ B） often misinterpret the meaning of eye contact （ C） avoid eye contact as a sign of respect （ D） are taught t
48、o avoid eye contact whenever telling to the others 47 When listening to the others, white communicators tend to_. （ A） look at the speaker all the time （ B） glance at the speaker periodically （ C） look away from the speaker （ D） stare at the speaker 48 Many customers in American cities are angry wit
49、h Korean shopkeepers because （ A） Korean shopkeepers do not look at them directly （ B） they expect a more enthusiastic reflection from the shopkeepers （ C） there are some social conflicts in many urban centers （ D） they are not informed about difference between cultures 49 Mad-dogging refers to_. （ A） a provocation from one teenage
