1、2009年华东师范大学考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Mr. Smith is supposed_for Italy last week. （ A） to have left （ B） having left （ C） to leave （ D） to be leaving 2 With an initial investment of only ten thousand dollars, both partners have increased their money_. （ A） by two thousand more （ B）
2、by two thousand （ C） for two thousand more （ D） for two thousand 3 A_from every person, no matter how small, will help the Red Cross reach its goal of $100,000. （ A） contract （ B） concentration （ C） contribution （ D） construction 4 My neighbors on either side of me have painted their houses,_of cour
3、se makes my house look shabbier than it really is. （ A） that （ B） as （ C） who （ D） which 5 _ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf. （ A） He is remembered （ B） While being remembered （ C） To be remembered （ D） Though remembered 6 This bo
4、rder incident led to the two countries_diplomatic relations in 1965. （ A） breaking up （ B） finishing （ C） cutting out （ D） breaking off 7 I sent invitations to 80 people,_have replied. （ A） of whom only 20 of them （ B） only 20 of them who （ C） of whom only 20 （ D） only 20 who 8 Very few experts have
5、_with complete new answers to the worlds economic problems. （ A） come to （ B） come around （ C） come up （ D） come on 9 When it comes to the truth of the case, his_answer is “no comment“. （ A） invariable （ B） investigative （ C） invalid （ D） invasive 10 Parents used to have a_against rock and roll in t
6、he early 1980s. （ A） prediction （ B） prejudice （ C） preference （ D） prominence 11 You must read between the lines to get the_meaning. （ A） unanimous （ B） underlying （ C） ultimate （ D） universal 12 Examinations do not_students to seek more knowledge. （ A） exert （ B） instruct （ C） motivate （ D） qualif
7、y 13 People of different races should live in_with each other for global peace. （ A） harmony （ B） federation （ C） unity （ D） union 14 I dont think it is_to reconstruct the destroyed forest ecosystem in a few years. （ A） plausible （ B） notable （ C） considerable （ D） feasible 15 We have invested_80,00
8、0 in this project but till now there is no hope for us to get a penny back. （ A） subsequently （ B） unexpectedly （ C） approximately （ D） reluctantly 16 The police have been interviewing people in the area in the hope that it will_further information about the crime. （ A） unload （ B） reveal （ C） endow
9、 （ D） yield 17 The people were annoyed by the_supply of electricity and water in summer. （ A） insufficient （ B） integral （ C） inferior （ D） indispensable 18 Although there was a lot more to say, Stephen_from further question. （ A） strained （ B） refrained （ C） resisted （ D） retreated 19 The full_of c
10、hanges in computer technology will be felt within the next few years. （ A） effort （ B） response （ C） impact （ D） affection 20 Color-blind people often find it difficult to_between blue and green. （ A） separate （ B） compare （ C） contrast （ D） distinguish 21 The discussion quickly became a very_argume
11、nt about increasing prices. （ A） exploded （ B） roaring （ C） boiling （ D） heated 22 The board deemed it urgent that these files_right away. （ A） had to be printed （ B） should have been printed （ C） have been printed （ D） be printed 23 Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of_r
12、eality. （ A） what it is conceived to （ B） that is conceived （ C） what is conceived to be （ D） that is conceived of 24 The decision_, the next problem was how to introduce a new budget. （ A） being made （ B） having made （ C） was made （ D） having been made 25 I felt myself_and my hands trembled as I re
13、ad: We have your son. He is safe so far. If you obey orders he will be soon be back with you. （ A） be growing cold （ B） grow cold （ C） have grown cold （ D） to grow cold 26 He says he hasnt got any money_in fact hes got thousands of dollars in. （ A） as （ B） since （ C） while （ D） for 27 Probably no ma
14、n had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the United States _ Henry Ford, a pioneer in automobile production. （ A） than had （ B） than was （ C） than did （ D） as was 28 He was more or less disappointed at_more guests. （ A） not having （ B） there not having （ C） not having been （ D） there n
15、ot having been 29 Oh, what a nuisance! It_so easy for me to bring those photographs I wanted to show you, and I have left them on the table at home. （ A） would have been （ B） had been （ C） would be （ D） was 30 He rushed into the house and saved the boy out,_ the intense fire. （ A） irrespective of （
16、B） instead of （ C） in front of （ D） in case of 二、 Cloze 30 Although too much【 C1】 _to the suns ultraviolet rays can cause skin cancer, sunshine may have a【 C2】 _effect against some cancers, U.S. scientists said in April. They【 C3】 _vitamin D, the so-called sunshine vitamin that is also found in fort
17、ified milk and【 C4】 _products, cod liver and some fatty fish, can help to slow down the speed【 C5】 _which cancer【 C6】 _divide. “This study found inverse【 C7】 _between both residential and occupational exposure to sunlight【 C8】 _mortality from female breast and colon cancers,“ said Dr. Michael Freedm
18、an of the National Cancer【 C9】 _. In research【 C10】 _in Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Freedman and his team studied【 C11】 _from breast, ovarian, colon, prostate and skin cancers in 24 U.S. states between 1984 and 1995 to determine the【 C12】 _of sunlight on the disease.【 C13】 _surprisingly
19、, they found more deaths form skin cancer in sunnier【 C14】 _but the number of people who died from the other cancers was lower in the【 C15】 _areas. Working【 C16】 _in a sunny climate was also associated with【 C17】 _breast and colon cancer deaths but not【 C18】 _the other cancers. Freedman said more re
20、search is needed to【 C19】_the association between sunlight and【 C20】 _cancers. 31 【 C1】 （ A） exposure （ B） addition （ C） resolution （ D） solution 32 【 C2】 （ A） potential （ B） protective （ C） insufficient （ D） effective 33 【 C3】 （ A） signify （ B） prescribe （ C） reassure （ D） suspect 34 【 C4】 （ A） agr
21、icultural （ B） bean （ C） meat （ D） dairy 35 【 C5】 （ A） with （ B） beyond （ C） at （ D） in 36 【 C6】 （ A） portions （ B） cells （ C） diseases （ D） illnesses 37 【 C7】 （ A） associations （ B） conclusions （ C） judgments （ D） illusions 38 【 C8】 （ A） or （ B） for （ C） but （ D） and 39 【 C9】 （ A） Constitution （ B）
22、 Conference （ C） Institute （ D） Operation 40 【 C10】 （ A） done （ B） concerned （ C） involved （ D） reported 41 【 C11】 （ A） deaths （ B） pains （ C） sufferings （ D） effects 42 【 C12】 （ A） degree （ B） impact （ C） intensity （ D） depth 43 【 C13】 （ A） More （ B） Not （ C） Much （ D） No 44 【 C14】 （ A） states （ B）
23、 countries （ C） cities （ D） provinces 45 【 C15】 （ A） wet （ B） windy （ C） sunshine （ D） dry 46 【 C16】 （ A） heavily （ B） outdoors （ C） offensively （ D） hard 47 【 C17】 （ A） more （ B） many （ C） less （ D） fewer 48 【 C18】 （ A） with （ B） for （ C） on （ D） to 49 【 C19】 （ A） indicate （ B） propel （ C） explain
24、（ D） generate 50 【 C20】 （ A） other （ B） vital （ C） certain （ D） severe 三、 Reading Comprehension 50 Ever since humans have inhabited the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, the expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a
25、 language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very picturesque and exact and can be used internationa
26、lly; spelling, however, cannot. Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink can be a way of flirting or indicating that the party is only joking. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction. Other fo
27、rms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille(a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people. While verbalization is the most common form of language, other systems and techniqu
28、es also express human thoughts and feeling. 51 Which of the following statements best summarizes this passage? （ A） When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of communication. （ B） Everybody uses only one form of communication. （ C） Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreigners.
29、（ D） Although other forms of communication exist, verbalization is the fastest. 52 Which of the following statements is not true? （ A） There are many forms of communication in existence today. （ B） Verbalization is the most common form of communication. （ C） The deaf and mute use an oral form of com
30、munication. （ D） Ideas and thoughts can be transmitted by body language. 53 Which form other than oral speech would be most commonly used among blind people? （ A） Picture signs. （ B） Braille. （ C） Body languageu. （ D） Signal flags. 54 How many different forms of communication are mentioned here? （ A
31、） 5. （ B） 7. （ C） 9. （ D） 11. 55 Sign language is said to be very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally except for_. （ A） spelling （ B） ideas （ C） whole words （ D） expressions 55 To forgive may be divine, but no one ever said it was easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be e
32、xtremely difficult to let go of your grudge. But forgiveness is possibleand it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. “People who forgive show less depression, anger and stress and more hopefulness,“ says Frederic, Ph. D., author of Forgive for Good. “So it can help save
33、on the wear and tear on our organs, reduce the wearing out of the immune system and allow people to feel more vital.“ So how do you start the healing? Try following these steps: Calm yourself. To defuse your anger, try a simple stress-management technique. “Take a couple of breaths and think of some
34、thing that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, someone you love,“ Frederic says. Dont wait for an apology. “Many times the person who hurt you has no intention of apologizing,“ Frederic says. “They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same way. So if you wait for
35、 people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.“ Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean reconciliation with the person who upset you or condoning of his or her action. Take the control away from your offender. Mentally replaying your hurt gives power to the person w
36、ho caused you pain. “Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you,“ Frederic says. Try to see things from the other persons perspective. If you empathize with that person, you empathize with that person, you may realize that he or she was a
37、cting out of ignorance, fear, even love. To gain perspective, you may want to write a letter to yourself from your offenders point of view. Recognize the benefits of forgiveness. Research has shown that people who forgive report more energy, better appetite and better sleep patterns. Dont forget to
38、forgive yourself. “For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge,“ Frederic says. “But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you dont do it.“ 56 Forgiveness is_. （ A） easy to do （ B） noble （ C） only beneficial to physical health （ D） impossible to get your grudge go 57 What does
39、 “wear and tear“ mean? （ A） Damage resulting from ordinary use. （ B） Energy. （ C） Friction. （ D） Moisture. 58 Which is NOT the technique of healing? （ A） Inhale deeply. （ B） Mentally replay your hurt often. （ C） Distract your attention. （ D） Think in another point of view. 59 Which of the following
40、can be inferred from the passage? （ A） The person who hurt you is sure to make an apology to you later on. （ B） You may condone others wrong doings. （ C） Forgiveness doesnt equal obeyance. （ D） You should negotiate with the person who upset you. 60 What is the main idea of the passage? （ A） Ways to
41、get well from your hurt. （ B） To forgive may be divine, but no one ever said it was easy. （ C） Forgiveness benefits to your physical and mental health. （ D） An introduction to the book Forgive for Good. 60 Do we need laws that prevent us from running risks with our lives? If so, then perhaps laws ar
42、e needed prohibiting the sale of cigarettes and alcoholic drinks. Both products have been known to kill people. The hazards of drinking too much alcohol are as bad as or worse than the hazards of smoking too many cigarettes. All right then, lets pass a law closing the liquor stores and the bars in t
43、his country. Lets put an end once and for all to the ruinous disease from which as many as 10 million Americans currently suffer alcoholism. But wait, weve already tried that. For 13 years, between 1920 and 1933, there were no liquor stores anywhere in the United States. They were shut down abolishe
44、d by an amendment to the Constitution(the 18th)and by a law of Congress(the Volstead Act). After January 20, 1920, there was supposed to be no more manufacturing, selling, or transporting of “intoxicating liquor“. Without any more liquor, people could not drink it, and if they did not drink it, how
45、could they get drunk? There would be no more dangers to the public welfare from drunkenness and alcoholism. It was all very logical. And yet prohibition of liquor, beer, and wine did not work. Why? Because, law or no law, millions of people still liked to drink alcohol. And they were willing to take
46、 risks of getting it. They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the law. And gangs of liquor smugglers made it easy to buy an illegal drink. They smuggled millions of gallons of the outlawed beverages across the Canadian and Mexican boarders. Drinkers were luc
47、ky to know of an illegal bar that served Mexican or Canadian liquor. Crime and drunkenness were both supposed to decline as a result of prohibition; instead people drank more alcohol than ever often poisoned alcohol. On December 5, 1933, they repealed prohibition by ratifying the 21st Amendment to t
48、he Constitution. 61 Which of the following was NOT a characteristic reason for the proposal of the 18 Amendment to the Constitution and the Volstead Act? （ A） There would be no further danger to the public from alcoholism. （ B） There would be a rise in the cost of alcoholic beverages. （ C） Without l
49、iquor, people would not drink. （ D） People wouldnt become drunk or create a public nuisance. 62 During prohibition, illegal alcohol was_. （ A） sold openly （ B） no longer a temptation （ C） a major factor in the passage of the Volstead Act （ D） brought across the Mexican and Canadian borders 63 When enacting the
