1、GRE（ VERBAL）模拟试卷 5及答案与解析 SECTION 1 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a who
2、le. 1 A faux pas-whether in social circles or in private-can be _ , as it focuses us on our shortcomings in ways that would otherwise go unnoticed, and helps create self-awareness. （ A） embarrassment （ B） useless （ C） utile （ D） rancorous （ E） spontaneous 2 Because many of the blacklists in the comm
3、unications and entertainment industries were secret, the number of playwrights, script writers, novelists, and journalists who were _ to stop writing permanently is _ . （ A） happy. astounding （ B） forced . unknown （ C） unafraid . impressive （ D） inclined. unsurprising （ E） remiss. inconceivable 3 Wh
4、ile mimicking the thought of his mentor Socrates, who conceived of forms as existing on an ethereal, heavenly and _ plane, Plato also argued that forms become _ in objects. （ A） abstract. rational （ B） condensed . ratified （ C） sacrilegious. profane （ D） transcendent. immanent （ E） imaginative . ear
5、thbound 4 Despite certain _ habits of the North American screech owl, it performs the majority of its hunting alone, in alpine forests, unfettered by _ . （ A） predatory. ecology （ B） instinctual . behavior （ C） exogamous. kinship （ D） omnivorous. diet （ E） diurnal. darkness 5 Though _ in his youth,
6、Muir grew in the fullness of time to acquire truly _ habits envied by even the most hardened of his fellow survivalists. （ A） a stoic . gourmet （ B） a sycophant . humble （ C） an eccentric . practical （ D） a sensualist . spartan （ E） an ideologue . catholic 6 Regardless of the _ he evinces, especiall
7、y when articulating his purportedly innate affinity for tennis, he is nevertheless a less than _ player once actually the court. （ A） passion. sanguine （ B） disapprobation . mediocre （ C） alacrity. pliant （ D） vivacity. vitiated （ E） torpor. ebullient 7 Regardless of what might be said about the veh
8、ement diatribes of the Minnesota senator, one cant argue that he was any less than utterly _ his beliefs and his tituents, for invariably, he voted his _ . （ A） opposed to . politics （ B） committed to whims （ C） conflicted in . inclinations （ D） considerate in . platform （ E） dedicated to . conscien
9、ce SECTION 2 Directions: In each of the following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair. 8 ROLE: UNDERSTUDY ： （ A） chairman： gene
10、ral （ B） lawyer： magistrate （ C） position： benchwarmer （ D） physician： sufferer （ E） employer： employee 9 GREENHOUSE: PLANT ： （ A） bottle： tonic （ B） incubator： microorganism （ C） orchard： underbrush （ D） pipeline： gas （ E） washroom： hygiene 10 GLARING: LIGHT ： （ A） piquant： odor （ B） ruined： buildi
11、ng （ C） grating： sound （ D） infamous： performance （ E） epidemic： malady 11 SIGHT: BLUR ： （ A） length： increase （ B） destruction： disintegrate （ C） dilemma： jumble （ D） writing： pontificate （ E） speech： slur 12 PAINTER: BRUSH ： （ A） sculptor： chisel （ B） obstetrician： scalpel （ C） caricaturist： publi
12、cation （ D） hangman： gibbet （ E） judge： gavel 13 EAGLE: TALON ： （ A） person： foot （ B） sheep： horn （ C） crab： pincer （ D） serpent： fang （ E） rattler： tail 14 STORY: MIME ： （ A） quack： falsehood （ B） jest： enigma （ C） word： charade （ D） direction： signal （ E） geometry： sign 15 ARROGANCE: DEFER ： （ A）
13、 contumeliousness： attack （ B） clarity： convince （ C） fidelity： protect （ D） lassitude： stir （ E） pompousness： annoy 16 SASH: WAIST ： （ A） sock： hand （ B） fringe： ankle （ C） ring： wrist （ D） epaulet： shoulder （ E） tie： bust SECTION 3 Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions ba
14、sed on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 17 Many microorganisms survive such environmental stresses as heat, cold and desiccation not by rapid rates of mito
15、sis, but by producing specialized cells designed to persist in a dormant state in hostile environments. Most fungi, for example, yield single-celled spores, which, through wind distribution, can (5) survive for long periods of time before germinating and sprouting fungal filaments of their own. Othe
16、r types of bacteria produce a special type of spore called an endospore, capable of withstanding such extremes as boiling and freezing temperatures, and even ultraviolet radiation. Though research results remain tentative, several factors may protect (10) endospores from environmental stress: they h
17、ave a low water content, unusual proteins and a tough spore coat absent in mature bacterial cells. When garden fruits and vegetables, which may contain botulism endospores, are preserved by canning at boiling temperatures, we know that these spores survive the heat and sprout in the food, and as a r
18、esult, the bacteria generate the botulism toxin (15) that can lead to food poisoning proof of their magnificent resilience. 17 The authors primary purpose in the passage is to （ A） describe the limits of biologists understanding of the phenomenon of cellular dormancy （ B） explain how certain organis
19、ms have adapted to withstand environmental adversity （ C） contrast the survival techniques of two organisms which use dormancy to survive hostile environments （ D） explain why endospores are so adept at surviving the traditional canning process （ E） suggest which methods are effective for killing en
20、dospores at which are not 18 The passage mentions all of the following as environmental stresses that can be survived by microorganisms that practice cellular dormancy EXCEPT （ A） Low temperatures （ B） Ultraviolet radiation （ C） Acidic environments （ D） High temperatures （ E） Drying processes 19 It
21、may be inferred from the passage that, in contrast to their present view, microbiologists once believed that （ A） only a single feature of endospore biology was responsible for their success （ B） potentially, a canning process could be developed that was capable of destroying all endospores （ C） ult
22、raviolet radiation was a possible means of destroying microorganisms that practice cellular dormancy （ D） cellular mitosis was the root cause of the resilience of the microorganisms under discussion （ E） only single-celled organisms, like those of fungal spores, could practice cellular dormancy 20 T
23、he author would regard the notion that certain proteins are essential to the survival of environmentally resistant endospores as （ A） unlikely （ B） speculative （ C） incontrovertible （ D） irrelevant （ E） unscientific 21 Feminist critics have long debated the extent to which gender plays a role in the
24、 creation and interpretation of texts. Androgynist poetics, rooted in mid- Victorian womens writing, contends that the creative mind is sexless, but from the 1970s on, many feminist critics rejected the idea of the genderless (5) mind, finding that the imagination cannot evade conscious or unconscio
25、us structures of gender which is part of culture-determination where separating imagination from the self is impossible. The Female Aesthetic, expressing a unique female consciousness in literature, spoke of the “female vernacular, the Mother Tongue, a powerful but (10) neglected womens culture.“ Vi
26、rginia Woolf discusses how a woman writer seeks within herself “the pools, the depths, the dark places where the largest fish slumber,“ inevitably colliding against her own sexuality to Confront “something about the body, about the passions.“ Accessible to men and women alike, but representing femal
27、e sexual morphology, this method sought a way of (15) writing which literally embodied the female, thereby fighting the subordinating, linear style of classification or distinction. It must be admitted that there are problems with the Female Aesthetic that feminist critics themselves recognized. For
28、 instance, they avoided defining exactly what constituted their writing style, as any definition would then (20) categorize it and safely subsume it as a genre under the linear patriarchal structure its very restlessness and ambiguity defied identification as part of its identity. Some feminists and
29、 women writers could feel excluded by the surreality of the Female Aesthetic and its stress on the biological forms of female experience, which also bear close resemblance to essentialism. Men may (25) try their hand at writing womans bodies, but according to the feminist critique, only. a woman who
30、se very biology gave her an edge could read these texts successfully a position which, worst of all, risked marginalization of womens literature and theory. Later, Gynocritics attempted to resolve some of these problems, by (30) agreeing that womens literature lay as the central concern for feminist
31、 criticism but rejecting the concept of an essential female identity and style, while simultaneously seeking to revise Freudian structures by emphasizing a Pre-Oedipal phase wherein the daughters bond to her mother inscribes the key factor in gender identity. Matriarchal values dissolve intergenerat
32、ional conflicts (35) and build upon a female tradition of literature rather than the struggle of Oedipus and Lais at the crossroads. Lastly and most promising in its achievement of a delicate balance are developments of an over-arching gender theory, which considers gender, both male and female, as
33、a social construction built on biological differences. Gender theory proposes to explore ideological (40) inscription and the literary effects of the sex/gender system, opening up the literary theory stage and bringing in questions of masculinity into feminist theory. Taking gender as a fundamental
34、analytic category brings feminist criticism from the margin to the center, though it risks depoliticizing the study of women. 21 Which of the following titles best summarizes the content of the passage? （ A） A Historical Overview of Feminist Literary Criticism （ B） Oedipus and Lais： The Struggle bet
35、ween Masculine and Feminine Texts （ C） The Precarious Feminist Compromise in Politics and Art （ D） A New Theory of Literary Criticism （ E） Establishing New Feminist Concepts of Gender 22 It can be inferred from the passage that the Female Aesthetic school of literary criticism espoused which of the
36、following views? . The greatest womens and mens writing are indistinguishable in quality and style. . Womens writing is characterized by an essential style that male writers are unlikely to achieve. . A womens writing style is more likely to be politically effective if it is precisely defined. （ A）
37、only （ B） only （ C） and only （ D） and only （ E） , , and 23 The author specifically mentions all of the following as issues that have beer considered in the evolution of feminist literary criticism EXCEPT （ A） The place of women in the literary canon （ B） The question of culture in determining gender
38、 （ C） The role of Freud in theorizing gender identity （ D） The effect of biological differences on textual style （ E） The political dangers of isolating womens texts 24 The author refers to the “largest fish“ (lines 11 - 12) primarily in order to （ A） suggest a refuge from the long history of sexist
39、 literary criticism （ B） offer a sense of political purpose that can only be awakened through literature （ C） articulate the possibility for escape from the confines of gendered identity （ D） reference a unique feminist identity that must be extracted somehow from the body （ E） indicate a source of
40、the patriarchal identification traditionally suffered by women writers 25 According to the passage, the greatest risk posed by the feminist theories, like the Female Aesthetic, which posit the existence of an “essential“ or non-constructed gender is in （ A） creating a dead-end for feminist literary
41、criticism by attacking the notion of an androgynist poetics （ B） reinforcing sexist notions that women cannot emulate the literary style of men （ C） pushing feminist writing out of the mainstream by arguing that men are unable to full comprehend womens writing （ D） relying too heavily on the theorie
42、s of Freud, under which identity is the product of biology （ E） escaping identification with the literary canon through the use of a fluid and protean literary style 26 It can be inferred that the author would define the “delicate balance“ mentioned in the last paragraph as the equilibrium between （
43、 A） establishing ties between generations of women writers and fighting patriarchal influence （ B） actively fighting and passively documenting the literary effects of the sex/ gender system （ C） assigning the proper weight to the concept of gender as socially constructed and biologically inherited （
44、 D） avoiding marginalization on the political fringes and de-politicization in the political mainstream （ E） avoiding submitting the patriarchal system of criticism while also avoiding alienating the public 27 It can be inferred from the passage that the author would most likely describe the evoluti
45、on of feminist literary theory as （ A） a gradual movement from the idea of genderless writing to a writing that originates in the womans body （ B） a shift between adversarial criticism to more tolerant varieties of criticism （ C） a regular fluctuation between the idea of genderless and gendered writ
46、ing that gradually settles on a compromise （ D） a more or less constant pursuit of the goal of establishing a unique niche for womens literature （ E） an initial vehement rejection of the notion of genderless writing, which has steadily attenuated SECTION 4 Directions: Each question below consists of
47、 a word printed in capital letters followed by five lettered words or phrases. Choose the lettered word or phrase that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in capital letters. Since some of the questions require you to distinguish fine shades of meaning, be sure to consider all the choices
48、 before deciding which one is best. 28 DIABOLIC: （ A） amicable （ B） redolent （ C） mischievous （ D） lavish （ E） somber 29 CONTAMINATE: （ A） revive （ B） adore （ C） filter （ D） improve （ E） cleanse 30 REPUTE: （ A） indifference （ B） miserliness （ C） nonentity （ D） recklessness （ E） ignorance 31 PREEN: （
49、 A） confine （ B） oppose （ C） ruffle （ D） cover （ E） annoy 32 BALEFUL: （ A） animated （ B） unchallenging （ C） beneficent （ D） inciting （ E） articulate 33 VERDANT: （ A） intelligible （ B） sere （ C） serene （ D） frost bound （ E） portentous 34 FLEDGE: （ A） reproduce （ B） release （ C） identify （ D） molt （ E） look for 35 DIATRIBE: （ A） epistle （ B） type （ C） circumlocution （ D） axiom （ E） encomium 36 POROUS: （ A） impervious （ B） pitiless （ C） imaginary （ D） obstinate （ E） prohibi
