1、GRE（ VERBAL）阅读模拟试卷 3及答案与解析 SECTION 3 Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 0 Feminist s
2、cholars have tended to regard women in the nineteenth-century United States who elected to remain single as champions of womens autonomy and as critics of marriage as an oppressive institution. Indeed, many nineteenth-century American women who participated in reform movements or who distinguished t
3、hemselves as writers and professionals were single. Yet this view of single women tends to distort the meaning of their choices. The nineteenth century saw the elevation of marriage for love as a spiritual ideal. Consequently, it became socially acceptable for women not to marry if such an ideal mar
4、riage could not be realized with an available suitor. Thus, many womens choice to remain single reflected not a negative view of marriage but a highly idealistic one. 1 The author of the passage implies that many nineteenth-century American women chose to remain single because they （ A） believed tha
5、t marriage required them to give up much of their autonomy （ B） had attitudes toward marriage that were influenced by contemporary reform movements （ C） wanted to take advantage of increasing opportunities to distinguish themselves as professionals （ D） doubted that their own marriage would live up
6、to their notion of what a marriage ought to be （ E） had a negative view of marriage fostered by a change in social attitudes during the nineteenth century 2 The author of the passage suggests that the feminist scholars mentioned in the first sentence distort the meaning of certain nineteenth-century
7、 American womens choices by （ A） ascribing those choices to a particular attitude toward marriage （ B） ignoring evidence about single womens motives for becoming writers or professionals （ C） overestimating the number of nineteenth-century American women who were single by choice. 2 The editors of t
8、he essay collection Romantic Biography tell us repeatedly that biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature (late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries), yet we are never shown that process of invention in motion. Hazlitt, the most prominent example of the Romantic biog
9、rapher, is almost invisible. The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was inventedor, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pr
10、e-Romantic culture of the novel. It was also the period in which biography, through its sheer ubiquity, became an object of major ideological significance within British culture. 3 The passage mentions the “scandalous memoirs” that were written prior to the Romantic period primarily in order to （ A）
11、 indicate an alternative account of the origins of biography （ B） compare these memoirs to Romantic biography （ C） explain how biography became ubiquitous in British culture （ D） question the ideological significance accorded to biography （ E） suggest that biographies were not as popular as memoirs
12、4 According to the passage, biography attained great significance within British culture during the Romantic period because biographies （ A） were associated with scandal （ B） were easy to read and comprehend （ C） were so widespread in Britain at the time （ D） challenged conventional British ideologi
13、es （ E） contributed to the development of the novel 4 Some attine ants carry vegetation into their nests and add fungal material, thereby creating “gardens” in which fungal food for the ants grow. Because the ants play the behaviorally active role, it seems compelling to say that they cultivate and
14、control the passive fungi. But even if that is true, the symbiotic association has existed for so long that cultivar traits may have evolved in the fungi that benefit the fungi but not necessarily the ants. Furthermore, many microorganisms have developed sophisticated mechanisms to manipulate the ph
15、ysiology and behavior of their symbiotic animals. It is not implausible, therefore, that the ants fungi have evolved chemical and physiological schemes that alter ant behavior to serve the fungus reproductive interests, possibly even compromising the reproductive interests of the ant hosts. 5 The pa
16、ssage points out which of the following in order to explain the appeal of the notion that some attine ants cultivate and control fungus? （ A） The ants play the behaviorally active role in the symbiotic relationship. （ B） The ants purposefully carry vegetation into their nests for their own consumpti
17、on. （ C） Fungus is physiologically a passive substance. （ D） Other organisms are able to manipulate their symbiotic partners. （ E） The chemical and physiological properties of the fungus are subject to ant influence. 6 In the context in which it appears, the word “manipulate” most nearly means （ A）
18、influence （ B） oversee （ C） coerce （ D） deceive （ E） outmaneuver 6 Meggers argued that agriculture depends on extracting nutrients from soils into edible crops, so premodern societies in Amazonia could never grow large because underlying soils are impoverished. In Meggers view the population size th
19、at a culture could reach depended upon the agricultural potential of its environment. Meggers accepted that fish and turtle resources of the Amazon made possible the long riverside villages the explorer Orellana described in 1542, but she dismissed as exaggerated Carvajals estimates of tens of thous
20、ands of people in those settlements, and she was sure those settlements did not have inland counterparts. Supporting this point, the Omagua, a riverbank people and one of the greatest chiefdoms observed by Carvajal as a member of Orellanas expedition, regarded hinterland forests as unpopulated wilde
21、rness. 7 From the passage it can be inferred that Omagua depended on （ A） overland transport to communicate between villages （ B） foraging inland to obtain foodstuffs not available locally （ C） some form of fertilization to boost agricultural production （ D） fish and turtles for at least part of the
22、ir diet （ E） trade with other peoples for some raw materials 8 In the context of the passage the highlighted sentence serves to （ A） explain the broader rationale for a conclusion described in the preceding sentence （ B） suggest some of the drawbacks of the riverbank location of the villages describ
23、ed in the following sentence （ C） acknowledge information that appears to undermine a description attributed to Orellana （ D） introduce a principle that appears to be contradicted by the agricultural development of premodern Amazonia （ E） give a reason for an upward revision in earlier estimates for
24、 premodern Amazonia 8 Where Carlos Bulosan aimed through fiction and personal testimony to advance both Filipino civil rights in the United States and the social transformation of the Philippines, Yen Le Espiritu has set herself the task of recovering life histories of Filipino Americans. Her work b
25、rings Filipino Americans of the generation following the 1934-1965 immigration hiatus graphically to life. A special strength is the representation of Filipino American women, who were scarce among immigrants before the 1934 American curb on Filipino immigration but composed more than half of the im
26、migrants to America since liberalization in 1965. Espiritus subjects document their changing sense of Filipino identity in the United States, much as Bulosan did as a member of the first substantial wave of immigrants. 9 According to the passage, both Bulosan and Espiritu do which of the following i
27、n their work? （ A） Consider generational differences in Filipino immigrants responses to life in the United States （ B） Attempt to make allowance for the demographic variations among Filipino immigrants to the United States （ C） Employ fiction in addition to documenting actual life histories of Fili
28、pino immigrants to the United States （ D） Represent how life in the United States has affected immigrants sense of Filipino identity （ E） Examine the effects on Filipinos in the United States of the 1934 American curb on Filipino immigration 10 In the context in which it appears, “graphically” most
29、nearly means （ A） in writing （ B） by means of drawing （ C） impressionistically （ D） diagrammatically （ E） vividly GRE（ VERBAL）阅读模拟试卷 3答案与解析 SECTION 3 Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question
30、. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据本文作者的观点，女性认为婚姻是理想化的精神理想，她们之所以保持单身，是因为真爱难觅。这里的 “觅真爱 ”就是她们关于一场婚姻应有的样子的观念。 D正确。 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 A ascribing those choices to a particular attitude toward
31、marriage将她们的选择归因于一个特定的婚姻态度 解析：这里的 a particular attitude指的是第一句中提到的对婚姻持批判态度。用这种方法，女权主义学者扭曲了女性选择保持单身的含义。 A选项正确。 B ignoring evidence about single womens motives for becoming writers or professionals忽略了关于单身女性成为作家或专业人士的动机的证据 解析：本文第二句作者承认单身女性确实会保持独立 ，因此女权主义学者并没有忽略其证据。不选。 C overestimating the number of nine
32、teenth-century American women who were single by choice高估了选择单身的十九世纪美国女性的数量 解析：文章没讨论单身女性的数量问题。不选。 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题是句子功能题，正确答案是定位句的 3s版本，本题定位句是第三句， 3s版本为传记起源于前浪漫主 义时期。 A选项的 an alternative account指的正是前浪漫主义时期，因此 A正确。 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题同义改写最后一句。 ubiquitous=wid
33、espread。 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题题干可以简单地理解成是什么因素导致人们认为是蚂蚁控制了真菌，所以首先定位点在前两句。 appeal同义改写 compelling，因此本题答案同义改写第二句， A正确。 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 6 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 根据文中最后两句话，真菌操纵蚂蚁的方式就是进化出一系列复杂的策略来达到控制蚂蚁的目的，因此选 E。 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 7 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。定位点在题干中的 Omagua，文中对 Omagua的描述在最
34、后一句，说他们是 riverbank people，所以他们具有 riverbank居民的特征。在文中第三句中提到，河边村庄靠鱼和乌龟为食，所以答案选 D。 D选项说得非常严谨，没有说他们只靠鱼和乌龟为食，而是说他们会吃鱼和乌龟。 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 句子作用题。第二句的功能应该是总结其 3s版本，也就是一个文明达到的人口上限取决于农业潜力。这句话应该是对第一句话中 “因为土壤贫瘠，亚马孙的前现代社会不会壮大 ”这个结论的一个解释，而且是一个更具有推广性的解释，因为从第一句的 societies in Amazonia到第二句的 a culture，确
35、实更为broader，答案选 A。 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 【知识模块】 阅读短文章 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。定位点在题干中的 bothand ，所以应该寻求 Bulosan和Espiritu的研究中的共性。对应文章最后一句中的 much as(正如 )。 changing sense of Filipino identity in the United States对应选项中 life in the United States has affected immigrantssense of Filipino identity，所以答案选 D。 【知识模块】 阅读短文章
36、10 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 词汇题。在遇到 GRE考试中的词汇题时可以将考查的单词挖空，用填空的思路来进行推断，选出正确答案。如果将 graphically挖空，我们发现，graphically修饰的是 bringto life 这一短语，表示 “使 生动，有趣 ”，所以graphically和这个短语取同，表达 “生动地 ”含义，答案选 E。字典中对graphically的解释为： If you describe something graphically， you describe it very clearly with a lot of detail： vividly。 【知识模块】 阅读短文章
