1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 393及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Slang in English Today well discuss a common linguistic phenomenon in Englishslang. The features of slang
3、 are listed as follows: . Slang affects the English【 M1】 _ A. New words added for social, scientific or artistic reasons B. Slangthe social new words troubling conservative linguists . Slang is young peoples way of say.A. Created by【 M2】 _ Reason: seek social status Result: looked down upon by adult
4、s considered unintelligent and【 M3】 _B. The conservative view: lack of standard English due to an education deficiency C. Possible solution: use kids【 M4】 _to help them learn standard English. . Slang is usually used by people of【 M5】 _status.A. People who do not like slang are usually prejudiced th
5、ey do not want to hear other ways of talking.B. Much slang comes from【 M6】_ . Slang equals change of languageA. Change of a language is to fit the【 M7】_of society e.g.: In Shakespeares time, many contractions used today were considered poor English.B. People who oppose slang and new dialects of Engl
6、ish do not realize the way people speak【 M8】 _time; prove themselves to be intolerant of change.C. Language will be thought of【 M9】_in the future: 1. people talk via the Internet now; 2. the Internet has its own language-computer slang;e.g.: acronyms, used by the Netizens 3. cyber-slang is not accep
7、ted by conservatives; 4. it will probably appear in standard【 M10】 _ . Conclusion: slang brings changes to language and prejudice against it is groundless. SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
8、Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What materials were not used for road surfaces during the last century? （ A） Gravel. （ B） Asphalt. （ C） Macadam. （ D） C
9、oncret 12 Concrete is used in extensive projects because of _. （ A） the increase in traffic （ B） the cost of other materials （ C） the change of the climate （ D） the construction of the roads 13 For light traffic, which of the following is not used? （ A） Sand clay. （ B） Macadam. （ C） Brick. （ D） Bitu
10、minous mixtur 14 What do“ turnpikes“ mean? （ A） Roads. （ B） Streets. （ C） Lanes. （ D） Highways. 15 The total width of the Pennsylvania Turnpike is _. （ A） 100 feet （ B） 78 feet （ C） 68 feet （ D） 88 feet SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen c
11、arefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 What is the main idea of the news? （ A） People suffering from the oil spill will be compensated by BP. （ B） BP oil spill has brought a serious natural disaster i
12、n the Gulf. （ C） BP has already paid $700 million since the start of the disaster. （ D） The fund to help victims of BP oil spill plans to pay claims quickly. 17 US president Obama met with Russian Prime Minister Putin for_. （ A） the first time （ B） the second time （ C） the third time （ D） the fourth
13、 time 18 What can be inferred from the news? （ A） US President Obama has only focused on the world security issues in his speech. （ B） US President Obamas visit to Moscow aims to build better relations with Russia. （ C） Russia and America have reached consensus on most world security and economic is
14、sues. （ D） US President Obama has delivered a speech to graduates of a polytechnic institut 19 An armed gang attacked buses on the border between Congo and_. （ A） Togo （ B） Cabinda （ C） Angola （ D） Zaire 20 According to the news, which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） The bus driver ha
15、s been killed by the armed gang. （ B） The number of the injured has remained unknown. （ C） The minister for Cabinda said rebels carried out the attack. （ D） No organization has claimed responsibility for the incident. 20 I was born in Feb. 12,1809,in Hardin County, Kentucky. My parents were both bor
16、n in Virginia, of undistinguished families-second families, perhaps I should say. My mother, who died in my tenth year, was of a family of the name of Hanks, some of whom now reside in Adams, and others in Macon countries, Illinois. My paternal grandfather, Abraham Lincoln, emigrated from Rockingham
17、 County, Virginia, to Kentucky, about 1781 or 1782, where, a year or two later, he was killed by Indians, not in battle, but by stealth, when he was laboring to open a farm in the forest. His ancestors, who were Quakers, went to Virginia from Berks County, Pennsylvania. An effort to identify them wi
18、th the New - England family of the same name ended in nothing more definite, than a similarity of Christian names in both families, such as Enoch, Levi, Mordecei, Solomon, Abraham, and the like. My father, at the death of his father, was but six years of age, and he grew up, literally without educat
19、ion. He removed from Kentucky to what is now Spencer County, Indiana, in my eighth year. We reached our new home about the time the State came in the Union. It was a wild region, with many bears and other wild animals still in the woods. There I grew up. There were some schools, so-called, but no qu
20、alification was ever required of a teacher, beyond “reading, writing, and ciphering“ to the Rule of Three. If a struggler supposed to understand Latin, happened to sojourn in the neighborhood, he was looked upon as a wizzard. There was absolutely nothing to excite ambition for education. Of course w
21、hen I came of age I did not know much. Still somehow, I could read, write, and cipher to the Rule of Three, but that was all. I have not been to school since. The little advance I now have upon this store of education, I have picked up from time to time under the pressure of necessity. I was raised
22、to farm work, which I continued till I was twenty-two. At twenty-one I came to Illinois, and passed the first year in Illinois-Macon County. Then I got to New-Salem( at that time in Sangamon, now in Menard County), where I remained a year as a sort of clerk in a store. Then came the Black-Hawk War;
23、and I was elected a Captain of volunteers-a success which gave me more pleasure than any I have had since. I went the campaign ,was elated, ran for the Legislature the same year (1832) and was beaten-the only time I have been beaten by the people. The next, and three succeeding biennial elections, I
24、 was elected to the Legislature. I was not a candidate afterwards. During this legislative period I had studied law, and removed to Springfield to practice it. In 1846, I was once elected to the Lower House of Congress. Was not a candidate for reelection? From 1849 to 1854, both inclusive, practiced
25、 law more assiduously than ever before. Always a Whig in politics, and generally on the Whig electoral tickets, making active canvasses. I was losing interest in politics, when the repeal of the Missouri Compromise aroused me again. What I have done since then is pretty well-known. If any personal d
26、escription of us is thought desirable, it may be said, I am, in height, six feet four inches, nearly; lean in flesh, weighing on an average, one hundred and eighty pounds; dark complexion, with coarse black hair, and grey hair, grey eyes-no other masks or brands recollected. 21 The author is _. （ A）
27、 a friend of Abraham Lincolns （ B） a writer who gives an account of Abraham Lincolns biography （ C） Abraham Lincoln himself （ D） Abraham Lincolns autobiography 22 Which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） The authors mother died when he was only ten years old. （ B） The authors father died when
28、 he was six years old. （ C） The author and his family moved to Indiana in his eighth year. （ D） His grandfather was killed by Indians in a battl 23 What was required of a teacher in the authors hometown? （ A） No qualification. （ B） Latin - understanding. （ C） Experiences of traveling around the worl
29、d. （ D） The basical ability to know how to read, write and compute arithmetically. 24 Which events provided much encouragement for Abraham Lincoln in his political career? （ A） The Black - Hawk War and law -practicing. （ B） The Black - Hawk War and the Missouri Compromise. （ C） Farm work and law-pra
30、cticing. （ D） Law-practicing and the Missouri Compromis 25 The general tone of this passage can be described as _. （ A） haughty and sarcastic （ B） condescending and humble （ C） domineering and aggressive （ D） honest and confident 25 Once found “almost entirely in the western United States and in Asi
31、a, dinosaur fossils are now being discovered on all seven continents. A host of new revelations emerged in 1998 that promise to reshape scientists views of dinosaurs, including what they looked like and when and where they lived. It is doubtful that Tyrannosaurus Re had lips or that Triceratops had
32、cheeks, says Lawrence Witmer, an assistant professor of anatomy at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. Witmer was a leading researcher for a study on dinosaur anatomy that was presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Vertebrate Paleontology, which concluded on October 3 in Snowbird, Utah. Wit
33、mers study reached its conclusions by using high - tech computerized aial tomography (CT or CAT) scans along with comparative anatomy studies. For example, the theory that Triceratops and similar dinosaur species had cheeks was based on past comparisons with mammals such as sheep. But Witmers carefu
34、l analysis found the structure of the Triceratops jaw and skull made it more likely that Triceratops had a beak like that of an eagle. Witmer said that scientists should use birds and crocodiles as models when researching the appearance of dinosaurs. In early October scientists announced that they h
35、ad confirmed the discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur. The dinosaurs bones, found in New Mexico in 1996, are forcing paleontologists to rethink their theories about when ceratopsians migrated to what is now North America. Scientists previously thought that ceratopsians, the group that inc
36、luded the well - known Triceratops, arrived in North America from Asia between 70 million and 80 million years ago. During this time, the late Cretaceous Period, the earths two supercontinents - Laurasia in the north and Gondwanaland in the south - were in the process of pulling apart, cutting dinos
37、aur populations off from each other and interrupting migratory patterns. The fossilized bones, found by eight - year - old Christopher Wolfe and his father, paleontologist Doug Wolfe of the Mesa Southwest Museum in Arizona, date to about 90 million years ago. This could mean that ceratopsians origin
38、ated in North America and migrated to Asia rather than the reverse, paleontologists said. Doug Wolfe named the important new species of dinosaur Zuniceratops Christopher after his son. An expedition from the University of Alaska in Anchorage and Fairbanks has discovered a region in remote northern A
39、laska so rich in fossilized dinosaur tracks that team members dubbed it the “dinosaur epressway“. The trampled area was found during the summer of 1998 on Alaskas North Slope near the Brooks Range. The team found 13 new track sites and made casts from the prints of five different types of dinosaurs.
40、 The rock in which the prints were found dates to more than 100 million years ago, or about 25 million years older than the previously discovered signs of dinosaurs in the Arctic region. Paleontologists said that the new findings provide important evidence that dinosaurs migrated between Asia and No
41、rth America during the early and mid -Cretaceous Period, before Asia split off into its own continent. Two rich fossil sites in the hills of Bolivia have been recently discovered, exciting paleontologists and dinosaur buffs. This discovery includes one of the most spectacular dinosaur trackways ever
42、 found. The discovery of a large site in the mountain region of Kila Kila in southern Bolivia was announced in early October. Here scientists found the tracks of at least two unknown species of dinosaur. These included a large quadruped dinosaur that was probably about 20m (about 70ft) long. The oth
43、er site, located not far from the Bolivian city of Sucre, was uncovered in a cement quarry by workers several years ago but was not brought to paleontologists attention until the middle of 1998. The site features a vertical wall covered with thousands of dinosaur prints representing more than 100 di
44、fferent species. The tracks date back to between 65 million and 70 million years ago. Since dinosaurs are believed to have died out around 65 million years ago, the prints were likely made by some of the last dinosaurs on earth. Scientists speculated that the tracks were made at the edge of a lake o
45、r swamp and were then hardened and preserved. The rock containing the tracks was then pushed into a vertical position over millions of years of geologic activity. Dinosaur eggs have also been found at the site, which paleontologists are working to preserve before it falls victim to erosion. Paleonto
46、logists hope to study the site and learn about the diet and physical characteristics of the dinosaurs that are represented there. 26 Witmers research leads people to believe _. （ A） Tyrannosaurus Re had lips and Triceratops had cheeks （ B） dinosaurs might have looked like mammals such as sheep （ C）
47、dinosaurs might not have looked like what we thought （ D） dinosaurs must have looked like birds or crocodiles 27 The discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur suggests ceratopsians _. （ A） migrated to North America around 70 - 80 million years ago （ B） arrived in Asia from North America about
48、90 million years ago （ C） originated in Asia and later migrated to North America （ D） could have moved to Asia from North America long ago 28 Newly- found fossilized tracks in Alaska proved that dinosaurs migration between Asia and North America took place _. （ A） much earlier than experts previousl
49、y thought （ B） much later than experts previously thought （ C） after Asia became an independent continent （ D） sometime around 25 million years ago 29 The discovery of dinosaur fossil sites in Bolivia is eciting because of the following reasons EXCEPT _. （ A） they are found in a continent other than Asia and North Continent （ B） the largest dinosaurs in the world are found in this discovery （ C） there are some unknown species of dinosaurs
