1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 838及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you
2、 fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Pre-course Lecture of “American Novel Since 1945“ To learn the lecture of “American Novel Since 1945“ , some points should be paid
3、 attention to first. I. Introduction: the “American Novel Since 1945“ course A. essentially a【 T1】 _: open to both English majors and non-English majors【 T1】 _ B. challenge for students to【 T2】 _【 T2】 _ what to do with them: the aim of a novel except【 T3】 _:【 T3】 _ what they are doing: whether call
4、them【 T4】 _inappropriate:【 T4】 _ how to【 T5】 _that kind of novel with those that have more formal【 T5】 _ ambitions. II. The paper length A. two papers: both five-to-eight-page papers If youre actually【 T6】 _ what and how, theres a big difference【 T6】 _ between a five-page and an eight-page. If you j
5、ust sort of the night before scribble, theres not that much difference except【 T7】 _.【 T7】 _ A five-page paper written well【 T8】 _ an eight-page paper written【 T8】_ poorly. Conclusion: The room is there for you to stretch out if you want to do that, instead of【 T9】 _.【 T9】 _ B. the final exam Readin
6、g, coming to lecture, and【 T10】 _will help think a lot about【 T10】_ these novels. What you do with so many novels on syllabus:【 T11】 _some of the【 T11】_ texts earlier in the term III. Class form A.【 T12】 _as part of the Yale Open Courses Initiative【 T12】 _ made available free to the public via【 T13】
7、 _【 T13】 _ what you need to do is to【 T14】 _them【 T14】 _ the point: to do what we do and to show what we do B. asking you questions an annoying thing:【 T15】 _your answers【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】
8、 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-
9、second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） Scientific facts and principles are too dull to attract students. （ B） There is little connectio
10、n between science and daily life. （ C） The content of the science teaching is too old. （ D） Teachers do not provide enough help in students learning. （ A） They learn a minimal complete set of scientific facts. （ B） Everyone in the world is of this group. （ C） They respond to science differently from
11、 the scientists. （ D） They dont have their particular personal and cultural values. （ A） The project was launched about five years ago. （ B） It is a professional scientific journal for students. （ C） The students can work as editors and journalists. （ D） It aims to increase peoples interest in scien
12、ce. （ A） Four. （ B） Three. （ C） Two. （ D） One. （ A） Students can generate interest for science. （ B） Students can develop leadership skills. （ C） Students can finally get clear answers. （ D） Students can learn how to find information. （ A） It is one of the ways to arouse students interests in scienc
13、e. （ B） It fails to achieve its original target as planned. （ C） It definitely can lead students to the scientific field. （ D） It involves building things in simple technical field. （ A） Children are fascinated about these scientific games. （ B） They help people learn about the scientific process. （
14、 C） They make science classes in schools really fun. （ D） These scientific games require large spaces. （ A） Its more fundamental. （ B） Its pretty general. （ C） Its very specific. （ D） Its quite influential. （ A） Question the normal way that we do things. （ B） Bring doubt to our assumptions about sci
15、ence. （ C） Change the balance between daily life and science education. （ D） Give up some stuff we have always done. （ A） To understand their influence on young kids. （ B） To be careful to make sure everything is right. （ C） To exchange ideas with common citizens. （ D） To tell frankly what science a
16、ctually is. SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 25 Talk is cheap whe
17、n it comes to solving the problem of too-big-to-fail banks. From the luxury of even todays stuttering economic recovery it is easy to vow that next time lenders losses will be pushed onto their creditors, not onto taxpayers. But cast your mind back to late 2008. Then, the share prices of the worlds
18、biggest banks could halve in minutes. Reasonable people thought that many firms were hiding severe losses. Anyone exposed to them, from speculators to churchgoing custodians of widows pensions, tried to yank(抽出 )their cash out, causing a run that threatened another Great Depression. Now, imagine bei
19、ng sat not in the observers armchair but in the regulators hot seat and faced with such a crisis again. Can anyone honestly say that they would let a big bank go down? And yet, somehow, that choice is what the people redesigning the rules of finance must try to make possible. The final rules are due
20、 in November and will probably call for banks in normal times to carry core capital of at least 10% of risk-adjusted assets. This would be enough to absorb the losses most banks made during 2007 -2009 with a decent margin for error. But that still leaves the outlier banks that in the last crisis, as
21、 in most others, lost two to three times more than the average firm. Worse, the crisis has shown that if they are not rescued they can topple the entire system. That is why swaggering talk of letting them burn next time is empty. Instead, a way needs to be found to impose losses on their creditors w
22、ithout causing a wider panic the financial equivalent of squaring a circle. America has created a resolution authority that will take over failing banks and force losses on unsecured creditors if necessary. That is a decent start, but may be too indiscriminate. The biggest banks each have hundreds o
23、f billions of dollars of such debt, including overnight loans from other banks, short-term paper sold to money-market funds and bonds held by pension funds. Such counterparties are likely to run from any bank facing a risk of being put in resolution which, as the recent crisis showed, could mean mos
24、t banks. Indeed, the unsecured Adebt market is so important that far from destabilising it, regulators might feel obliged to underwrite it, as in 2008. A better alternative is to give regulators draconian power but over a smaller part of banks balance-sheets, so that the panic is contained. The idea
25、 is practical since it means amending banks debt structures, not reinventing them, although banks would need roughly to double the amount of this debt that they hold. It also avoids too-clever-by-half trigger mechanisms and the opposite pitfall of a laborious legal process. Indeed, it is conceivable
26、 that a bank could be recapitalised over a weekend. The banks worry there are no natural buyers for such securities, making them expensive to issue. In fact they resemble a bog-standard insurance arrangement in which a premium is received and there is a small chance of perhaps one in 50 each year of
27、 severe losses. Regulators would, though, have to ensure that banks didnt buy each others securities and that they didnt all end up in the hands of one investor. Last time round American International Group became the dumping ground for Wall Streets risk and had to be bailed out(帮助 摆脱困境 )too. Would
28、it work? The one thing certain about the next crisis is that it will feature the same crushing panic, pleas from banks and huge political pressure to stabilise the system, whatever the cost. The hope is that regulators might have a means to impose losses on the private sector in a controlled way, an
29、d not just face a binary choice between bail-out or oblivion. 26 In 2008, the following occurrences happened EXCEPT that_. （ A） banks capital shrank dramatically （ B） firms pretended to profit （ C） another Great Depression followed （ D） organizations tried to take money back 27 The resolution is_in
30、the authors point of view. （ A） of no help （ B） bound to fail （ C） without careful selection （ D） sort of socialism 28 The solution suggested in Paragraph 6 is better in the following ways EXCEPT_. （ A） making less effort on banks debt structures （ B） not having to face stupid trigger mechanism （ C）
31、 going through no troublesome legal process （ D） helping the banks collect enough capital 28 Not long ago, Ted Gup opened a battered old suitcase from his mothers attic and discovered a family secret. Inside was a thick sheaf of letters addressed to “B. Virdot,“ all dated December 1933, all asking f
32、or help. Also inside-. 150 canceled checks signed by the mysterious Virdot. Gup, a journalism professor at Bostons Emerson College, quickly got to the bottom of the story: His grandfather Samuel Stone had used the pseudonym to slip money to impoverished people. “ At the time, he caused quite a stir,
33、“ says Gup, who chronicles the story in A Secret Gift: How One Mans Kindness And A Trove of Letters Revealed the Hidden History of the Great Depression. Stone wasnt a mogul, but as the owner of a chain of clothing stores, he was fairly well off. Just before Christmas, 1933, he placed an ad in his lo
34、cal Canton, Ohio, newspaper, offering money to 75 people who wrote to “B. Virdot“ explaining their need. The letters poured in and were so heartrending(心碎的 )that he ended up giving 150 people $5close to $84 in todays money. “I read all the letters multiple times,“ says Gup, who was astonished by the
35、 raw anguish of the Depression. Then he tracked down the recipients descendants. “Most people I contacted wept when they learned about the letters,“ Gup says. “When they read the letters, they sobbed, and I had to give them room to collect themselves. It brought home what their parents and grandpare
36、nts had endured“ no money for food, shoes, rent, let alone anything to give their kids for Christmas. “There were instances in which the calamity of the Depression was so great that $ 5 barely made a dent,“ Gup says. “But there were others for whom it really did make a difference. It provided Christ
37、mas dinner, a few presents under the tree.and at least as important, it signaled that somebody cared. In 1933, the New Deal was a glint in FDRs(Franklin Delano Roosevelt)eye: it was just beginning. There was no net to catch people when they were free-falling. “ Some whom Gup contacted finally unders
38、tood why their parents had been able to serve a fancy meal for just that one holiday: others learned harsh truths. “The children of several letter writers were unaware that their parents had gone to jail,“ driven by desperation to steal to put food on the table. “ That did not diminish their respect
39、 or love for their parents,“ he says, “but it enhanced their understanding. “ Gup found out that his grandfather had his own dark past. Hed been born in Romania, not as hed claimed Pittsburgh: his birth certificate was phony, and hed invented his biography. Gup speculates that, having escaped a chil
40、dhood of poverty, hunger, and religious persecution(he was Jewish), his grandfather lied to escape bias against immigrants. That Stone wasnt a saint, that hed done whatever it took to escape adversity, helped explain his motives: He understood despair, Gup says, and that “nothing was more precious t
41、han a second chance. “ On November 5, the descendants of the people Stone helped are scheduled to gather at the Canton Palace Theatre in Canton to share stories and read the original letters. As for Gup, he views the legacy of the Depression as “a real appreciation of family, of collaboration and sa
42、crifice, of respect“ what we tend to think of as American virtues. The hard times were brutal, but they did create an awareness that saw us through the Second World War and helped usher in a period of prosperity, an awareness I fear was being lost in materialism and self absorption prior to the rece
43、nt great recession. “No one in his right mind would welcome such times,“ Gup says. “My family and neighbors have felt the sting of this recession. But our identity as individuals and as a nation is the product not just of good times but also of bad times. They give us our spine, our strength, our gu
44、mption, our grit(磨砺 ), all those things we take such pride in. “ “I think B. Virdots gift is a reminder that we should all be emboldened to make an effort, no matter how modest, to extend ourselves. Thats what makes the difference in all our lives. “ 29 According to the passage, Ted Gup_. （ A） is a
45、journalist working for a college （ B） read a story entitled A Secret Gift （ C） found out some of the letter writers （ D） is a descendant of Jewish 30 Reading the letters, the help-receivers descendants cried out of_. （ A） the memory of miserable days （ B） the gratitude for Mr. Virdot （ C） the secret
46、 they didnt know （ D） missing their parents 31 Which statement is INCORRECT about Samuel Stone? （ A） He helped poor people in the name of B. Virdot. （ B） He concealed his true identity as a Jewish by making up his past. （ C） He was born in a rich family of the upper class. （ D） He earned a lot of mo
47、ney by selling clothes. 32 The authors main purpose of writing this article is to claim that_. （ A） everybody has his dark side （ B） being helpful is a valuable virtue （ C） economical crisis is terrible （ D） adversity teaches people a lot 32 I didnt know at the time what happened next. Sartoris didn
48、t tell me until later, afterward. Perhaps up to that time he had not anything more than instinct and circumstantial evidence to tell him that he was being betrayed: evidence such as being given by Spoomer some duty not in his province at all and which would keep him on the aerodrome for the afternoo
49、n, then finding and freeing the hidden dog and watching it vanish up the Amiens road at its clumsy hard gallop. But something happened. All I could learn at the time was, that one afternoon Sartoris found the dog and watched it depart for Amiens. Then he violated his orders, borrowed a motor bike and went to
