1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 863及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you
2、 fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 How Interpreters Work? I. Understanding A. About words and expressions 【 T1】 _ words may be left out: 【 T1】 _ If not knowing a key
3、 word or expression, If not knowing a key word or expression, a) admit or【 T2】 _if necessary, with the delegates. 【 T2】 _ b) deduce from【 T3】 _. 【 T3】 _ B. About ideas/concepts 【 T4】 _of different kinds of texts that 【 T4】 _ a) present logical arguments b) present a sequence of【 T5】 _【 T5】 _ c) are
4、descriptive, focusing on an event, a scene or a situation identification of【 T6】 _【 T6】 _ analysis of ideas linked by【 T7】 _【 T7】 _ II. Memorization of a speech A. Objective to create【 T8】 _of the discourse 【 T8】 _ to link its different parts through its semantic-logical connections B. Means of memo
5、rization concentrating on the ideas connecting main ideas to a series of【 T9】 _【 T9】 _ focusing on the links among the main ideas III. 【 T10】 _of the content in another language【 T10】 _ A. Goal: make sure the audience understand the speech. B. Suggestions: enriching ones general【 T11】 _【 T11】 _ foll
6、owing the press in ones native language watching TV, see movies, etc. in the【 T12】 _language【 T12】 _ IV. Conclusion A. Interpreting is a profession that is all about communication: “make their own speech“【 T13】 _ the speeches they interpret【 T13】 _ be faithful to【 T14】 _【 T14】 _ as accurate as possi
7、ble B. Interpreters should take advantage of all the possible【 T15】 _available in their working languages. 【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ON
8、E interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choice
9、s of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） Business Administrator. （ B） French Interpreter. （ C） Marketing Officer Trainee. （ D） Language trainer. （ A） French. （ B） Marketing. （ C） Both French and Marke
10、ting. （ D） Neither French nor Marketing. （ A） She cannot afford to four years tuition. （ B） She is persuaded by university authorities to do so. （ C） She regrets entering that university. （ D） She is older than most undergraduate students. （ A） French course. （ B） Artistic activities. （ C） An intern
11、ship. （ D） A job offer. （ A） She is eager to overcome challenges. （ B） She is unfriendly to her colleagues. （ C） She is capable enough to pass the test. （ D） She is threatened by tough issues. （ A） She develops virtually native level of Mandarin. （ B） Her French is obviously better than English. （ C
12、） She speaks French on many occasions. （ D） Her languages are useless at critical moments. （ A） Supervise apprentice. （ B） Write reference letters. （ C） Keep records and carry out plans. （ D） Identify potential talents. （ A） She once quitted a job suddenly without an explanation. （ B） She was not on
13、 good terms with her co-workers. （ C） She once quitted after giving a specific reason. （ D） She had a fierce quarrel with one of her employers. （ A） Three months. （ B） Six months. （ C） Nine months. （ D） It is not fixed. （ A） This Thursday. （ B） Right After the interview of two more applicants. （ C）
14、Within a week. （ D） It is not mentioned. SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best
15、 answer. 25 (1) After taking a brief hiatus to weather the recession, an invasion of Britain by some of Americas best-known retail brandsincluding Best Buy, Banana Republic and Forever 21is back on the march. And early reports from the front line in the land of shopkeepers indicate that, unlike with
16、 earlier attempts by U. S. retailers to break Britain, British consumers are welcoming the invaders with open armsand wallets. (2) Thats not always been the case. While the British public has long had an appetite for American fast-food vendors, the record of U.S. retailers who have tried to make it
17、big in Britain is mixed. But the latest arrivals enter the market as already established brands with built-in consumer awareness, thanks to the dominance of U.S. culture in media and online. And they satisfy British shoppers desire for “something new,“ says analyst Natalie Berg, of London-based cons
18、ultants Planet Retail. “They all bring a cult aspect“ to the U.K. high street. (3) Best BuyAmericas largest consumer-electronics chairkicked off the latest rush into the British market in May, when it opened its first-ever U.K. store. The 4,650-sq-m big-box outlet in the London suburb of Thurrock is
19、 the first of eight to 10 stores Best Buy expects to open in the country this year. And it has proved an impressive beachhead: in terms of sales volume, that first weekend was the chains biggest opening weekend in its 27-year history. “We had strong expectations,“ says Paul Antoniadis, CEO of Best B
20、uy UK (who wont reveal how much they took in over those first three days). “But the actual delivery was brilliant.“ (4) For some U.S. stores, this will be their first foray into the U.K. Following in Best Buys footsteps is California-based Forever 21, which specializes in cheap, trendy clothes for y
21、oung women and will open its first U.K. branch in Birmingham, northern England, in November. But for others, now is the time to expand on past success. Hollister, which is owned by Abercrombie 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and la
22、nguage quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. http:/.au/ The Olympic charters call for a “peaceful society“ and the “preservation of human dignity“ is a very noble one, but its means are rather odd. Through fierce athletic competition between nations, indivi
23、dual rivalries between athletes, who, training for 75% of their waking life, probably play a very little role in their society anyway. The Olympics is an arena for individual achievement: however, if someone is to win a race, others must lose. Emphasis is not placed on athletes improving their perso
24、nal best but on who wins. Having many nations come together shows worldwide solidarity, but it is a strange sort of solidarity, nations united by their athletes in Lycra and branded shoes. The cultures of nations are shown by little more than flag waving and the appearance of their mascots. The Guar
25、dian The original “spirit“ of the Olympics was supposedly that of sporting competition between amateurs, who competed for the honour of doing so, and to test themselves against the best sportspeople from around the world. However, the Olympics has become ever more commercialised, high-jacked by glob
26、al corporations and turned into a giant advertising hoarding. The kinds of moneys and rewards potentially available from excelling on the international stage has served to incentivise not only professionalisation, but also corruption and cheating. The professed aspirations of the Olympic movement an
27、d the grubby reality of the contemporary Olympics are now utterly opposed. The New York Times Citizens of the host city, often uninterested in the Olympic spectacle, can end up having to foot the bill by paying extra taxes, or having their existing taxes routed away from other services. The construc
28、tion of Olympic facilities, company investment and the regeneration of areas in host cities can be very disruptive, pricing local residents and shopkeepers out of their areas. Building an Olympic site can necessitate the demolition of homes and historical places. Previous Olympics have shown that Ol
29、ympic resources, when the games are over, do not always benefit the host city or society. Olympic sites can become ghost towns, so characteristic of the year they were built in as to be aesthetically odd, impractical, inhospitable and unfashionable a decade later. TIME The athletes competing in the
30、Olympic games have worked hard for years, showing dedication to achieving physical greatness. They keep to a strict diet, and put in hundreds of hours training in a week, all for the honor of competing against the best athletes in the world. Those that are caught cheating are dealt with harshly, whi
31、ch teaches against honesty and dedication to ones dreams. Athletes dedicate the best part of their lives to this ideal, by constantly improving their performance. Individual performance stands here for “celebration of collective values“including that of fair competition. Individual athletes represen
32、t whole nationstheir competing actualizes transnational togetherness and the search for commonality and global cooperation. Above all, the Olympic spirit is a beacon of hope. Countless times the games have instilled hope and togetherness in many. In a world of growing animosity, it is encouraging to
33、 see a sense of peace and togetherness gather every four years. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 863答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write N
34、O MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 How Interpreters Work Good morning. Today Id like to give yo
35、u a brief introduction to an interpreters work. Generally speaking, an interpreter has to fulfill three stages during his work: the understanding of the speakers original message, the memorization of a speech and the re-expression of the same content in another language, with the help of some notes
36、the interpreter writes down upon hearing the original message. The first stage is the understanding. The understanding we refer to here is not of words but of ideas, since an interpreter has to convey concepts. But what happens if an interpreter doesnt know one word or an expression that he or she h
37、ears in a speech? First of all we can underline that an interpreter can understand a speakers meaning without actually understanding every single word and expression used. There are other occasions, however, where (1)a word is too important to be left out. If the interpreter does not know a key word
38、, there can be problems. But after hearing the whole speech, he or she should be able to deduce the meaning of it from the context, given the numbers of clues they have. Moreover, interpreters cannot be expected to be encyclopedic dictionaries, and they must accept that there are times when they do
39、not know a word or an idiomatic expression. In a situation of direct contact with the delegates, (2)the interpreter must admit his or her ignorance and, if necessary, clarify the question with the delegates. On the other hand, the interpreter does not have the right to guess at meanings in order to
40、hide a normally possible, even if embarrassing, situation. Furthermore, in order to understand meaning without knowing all the lexical items, (3)and to be able to deduce from context, interpreters must in any case have a thorough knowledge of their working languages. (4)In order to understand the id
41、eas of a speech, an interpreter needs to get familiar with different kinds of texts. They can present logical arguments showing both points of view on a question before arriving at a synthetic conclusion, (5)they can be a sequence of logical deductions leading to an obvious conclusion according to t
42、he speakers point of view, and they may simply be descriptive, focusing on an event, a scene or a situation. (6)What follows is the identification of the main ideas. In order to understand a message, an interpreter has to identify the main ideas and give them their proper relevance in the interpreta
43、tion. And, owing to the intrinsic difficulty of a speech or to the speakers speed, he or she might be forced to omit one or more elements of the original. It is clear that if the interpreter doesnt translate some details, the interpretation will not be perfect but still adequate, whereas, if he or s
44、he misses out significant points of the discourse, the result will be a seriously flawed performance. Indeed, interpreters should be capable of providing a summary of a speech, since delegates often dont want a detailed interpretation but only an exhaustive and precise summary of what has been said.
45、 Whats going on next in understanding phase is the analysis of links of the main ideas. A speech is not only a sequence of ideas, but also a series of ideas related to one another in a particular way. (7)Ideas may be linked by logical consequences, logical causes, put together without cause-effect r
46、elations, and may also be expressed by a series of opposing concepts. The second stage of interpreting is the memorization of a speech. (8)The objective is to create a telegraphic version of the discourse, and to link its different parts through its semantic-logical connections. We have different me
47、ans to remember a speech. One possibility is that of internally visualizing the content of a speech and creating images in ones mind. Specifically speaking, an interpreter needs to concentrate on deas, not on single words, (9)connect the main ideas to a series of numbers, and then concentrate on the
48、 links among the main ideas so as to reproduce the structure of the speech as a kind of skeleton. (10)The third stage of interpreting is re-expression. After understanding, analyzing and memorizing, interpreters have to re-express the speech they have just heard. It must be clear that they are not r
49、equired to give an academically perfect translation. Their role is to make sure the speaker is understood by the audience so real interpreters have to continue to work on their working languages, including their mother tongue, with the aim of keeping them rich, lively, effective and up-to-date. Therefore, they must be informed about the latest national or internati
