1、专业英语八级(其他类汉译英)模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 1 纯净如青花 瓷器追求纯净优雅的美,这在青花瓷中体现最为充分。 青花瓷在唐代之前就有了,而真正形成规模并有杰出创造则是在元代,明代是青花瓷的成熟期,中国青花瓷器的大量珍品出自这个时代。青花何以在中国瓷 坛独占鳌头,主要因为它与中国人长期追求的文化和美学精神相契合,这就是平淡天真、自然从容。青花作为中国瓷器的代表,以白色和蓝色所构成的简洁清雅世界,表现宁静清洁的美。 2 中国
2、声音:美国借钱要还 标准普尔公司降低美国评级对中国的负面影响,或许即将显现。中国的外汇储备资产高达近 3 2万亿美元,一些人估计其中约 70为美元汁价资产,大部分是美国国债。 新华社 7日发表题为明晰在全球经济中的 “责任 ”的时评称,作为世界最大经济体、最大债务国 、主要储备货币发行国,美国 “不应放任美元贬值,也不应采取新货币手段导致贬值加剧 ”, “对于 借钱要还 的简单责任和信誉,美国决策机制同样要增加 责任 意识 ”。 3 不要抛弃学问 你们现在要离开母校了。我没有什么礼物送你们,只好送你们一句话罢。 这一句话是: “不要抛弃学问。 ”以前的功课也许有一大部分是为了这张毕业文凭,不得
3、已而做的,从今以后,你们可以依自己的心愿去自由研究了。趁现在年富力强的时候,努力做一种专门学问。少年是一去不复返的, 等到精力衰时,要做学问也来不及了。即为吃饭计,学问决不会辜负人的。吃饭而不求学问,三年五年之后,你们都要被后来少年淘汰掉的。到那时再想做点学问来补救,恐怕已太晚了。 专业英语八级(其他类汉译英)模拟试卷 1答案与解析 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 1 【正确答案】 Pure Blue-and-White Porcelain Pure and
4、elegant beauty is the goal that porcelain pursues, and this ideal is best explained in the production of Blue-and-White Porcelain. Chinese-made Blue-and-White Porcelain were emerged long before the founding of the Tang dynasty (AD618-AD907), but it was not until the Yuan dynasty that this type of po
5、rcelain came to be produced in quantity, with the attendant masterpieces.The Ming dynasty witnessed the maturity of the art, and a large number of valuable pieces were produced in this period. Blue-and-White Porcelain occupies a prominent position in the Chinese porcelain industry, for it accords we
6、ll with the culture and aesthetic spirit Chinese have long pursued-of simplicity, unaffectedness and ease. As representative of Chinese porcelain, Blue-and-White Porcelain displays a world of conciseness and elegance, serenity and purity. 【试题解析】 1原始青花瓷于唐宋已见端倪,成熟的青花瓷则出现在元代景德镇的湖田窑。明代 青花成为瓷器的主流。清康熙时发展到
7、了顶峰。 2景德镇四大名瓷:青花、玲珑、粉彩、颜色釉。 3制瓷五大步骤:拉胚、画胚、吹釉、装匣、把庄看火。 4宋代五大名窑:汝窑 (Ru Ware)官窑 (Guan Ware) 哥窑 (Ge Ware,故宫博物院人员打碎的一级文物盘子即是哥窑所产 ) 定窑 (Ding Ware)钧窑 (Jun Ware) 5明清主要瓷器品种: 釉上彩 (Overglaze painting) 釉下彩 (Underglaze painting) 青花 (Underglaze blue) 釉里红 (Underglaze red) 五彩 (Wucai) 粉彩 (Fencai) 珐琅彩 (Falangcai)是一种极
8、为名贵的宫廷御用瓷 A precious overglaze painting with imported enamels only for imperial purpose 1 本文的题目和首句的主语都以 Pure开始,更能突出青花瓷的独特魅力和特征。 2 青花瓷可以译为: Blue-and-White Porcelain,维基百科采用这种说法。同时,还可以简单地称为 Blue-and-White;还可以称为: Underglaze blue。这是上海博物馆的官方翻译,这种翻译更能突出它的制作工艺,使外国游客更好地理解青花瓷的制作方法。 3 第二段 “青花瓷在唐代之前就有了 ”译为 “Chi
9、nese-made Blue-and-White Porcelain were emerged long before the founding of the Tang dynasty”,增加Chinese一词,因为 “在九世纪的伊拉克也存在青花瓷制品,叫做 Islamic tin一glazed earthen ware”,为避免产生歧义,特加 Chinese。 4 形成规模: came to be produced in quantity。 5 有杰出创造: with the attendant masterpieces, attendant表示 “伴随而来的 ”。 6 是青花瓷的成熟期:
10、witnessed the maturity of the art。 7 独占鳌头: occupies a prominent position in 。 8 与 相契合: accords well with 。 9 平淡天真、自然从容: simplicity,unaffectedness and ease。 10简洁清雅的世界: world of conciseness and elegance。 11宁静清洁的美: serenity and purity。 对于四字格的翻译,略举几个例子: 鲜活光亮,清雅透明: pure, elegant and transparent 古朴淡雅: pri
11、mitive simplicity 品莹透亮: look crystal clear 干净爽利: clean and clear 给人一种高风绝尘的感觉: convey a sense of loftiness and unearthliness 【知识模块】 其他类汉译英 2 【正确答案】 China Urges on US to Act on Debt The negative impact on China is perhaps to arise soon of the US ratings downgrade by Standard & Poors. Chinas foreign ex
12、change assets amount to approximately a worth of USD3,200 billion, 70% of which are nothing more than capital in US dollars themselves with American treasury securities taking the lions share. In an editorial published on August 7 by Xinhua News Agency in China titled America Should Clarify Its “Res
13、ponsibility“ in the World Economy, China urges on US to act on its debts to China. The article says, as the biggest economy, the biggest debtor nation, and one of the major issuers of reserve currency in the world, the US “should not indulge in the depreciation of US dollars, or adopt any new moneta
14、ry means to exacerbate the situation“ , and “the policy makers of this state should raise their awareness of responsibility and remind themselves of the simple duty and honor embodied in the maxim that he who owes money pays the debt“ . 【试题解析】 国际评级机构美国标准普尔公司把美国主权信用评级从顶级的AAA级下调至 AA+级。这是美国主权信用评级首次遭 “降
15、级 ”。与此同时,中国持有大量的美国国债,通过这篇翻译实践,在提高翻译技巧的同时,更加了解全球金融类时事。 1 标准普尔公司降低美国评级对中国的负面影响,或许即将显现:在翻译第一句话时,要认真分析句子结构,找出真正的主干部分。 (标准普尔公司降低美国评级 )(对中国 )的负面影响,或许即将显现。经分析后得到结论,小括号内是两个定语, “标准普尔公司降低美国评级 ”不是句子的主干 部分,翻译成英语同样不能成为主干部分。故正确译文应为 “The negative impact on China is perhaps to arise soon of the US ratings downgrade
16、 by Standard&Poors ”。 2 中国的外汇储备资产: Chinas foreign exchange assets。 3 高达近 (乎于 ) 钱: amount意为 “to reach a total(合计,接近 )”,故译为“amount to approximately a worth of ”。 4 大部分是: taking the lions share, take the lions share这个词组源自古希腊寓言,讲述了狮子和其他野兽合作捕猎,狮子最后凭借武力分得整块猎物,即 “最大的那一份 ”,但这个词组却是 “隐含着一定危险的 ”。文章题目提到中国发出声音,提
17、醒美国 “借钱要还 ”,在目前的这种形势下,文章暗示中国所持有的大量美国国债也是有一定危险的,故使用了 (taking)the lions share这个成语来翻译 “占绝大部分 ”这层含义,意图表达其中隐含的风险 。 5 美国国债: security的复数形式表示证券,故译为 American treasury securities。 6 新华社 7日的时评: an editorial published on August 7 by Xinhua News Agency,翻译时注意调整顺序。 7 最大债务国: the biggest debtor nation, debtor(one wh
18、o owes a debt债务人 )。 8 主要储备货币发行国: the major issuers of reserve currency in the world。 9 放任: indulge in,使用这个词组的目的在于批评美国放任自流的态度。 10 “借钱要还 ”:这四个字意为 “欠债还钱 (he who owes money pays the debt)”,这四个字套用了英语句式, he who plays with fire gets burnt,提醒美国还钱的意思更加清楚明了。 11美国决策机制: policy-makers,若译为像 policy-making mechanis
19、ms的中式英语,就显得不妥了。 【知识 模块】 其他类汉译英 3 【正确答案】 Never Give up the Pursuit of Learning As you are leaving your alma mater, I have nothing to offer you as a gift except a word of advice. My advice is, “Never give up the pursuit of learning.“ You have perhaps finished your college courses mostly for obtaining
20、the diploma, or, in other words, out of sheer necessity. However, from now on you are free to follow your own bent in the choice of studies. While you are in the prime of life, why not devote yourselves to a special field of study? Youth will soon be gone never to return. And it will be too late for
21、 you to go into scholarship when in your declining years. Knowledge will do you a good turn even as a means of subsistence. If you give up studies while holding a job, you will in a couple of years have had yourselves replaced by younger people. It will then be too late to remedy the situation by pi
22、cking up studies again. 【试题解析】 胡适 (1891 1962),原名胡洪 马辛 ,字适之,安徽省绩溪县人,现代学者、中国自由主义的先驱。这篇文章节选是胡适在中国公学十八年级的毕业赠言。英语 译文为张培基版译文。从这篇文章中,我们应当认识到:你的最大责任是把你这块材料铸造成器。学问便是铸器的工具,抛弃了学问便是毁了你自己。 1 抛弃学问:意为 “放弃对知识的追求 ”,故译为 “give up the pursuit of learning”。 2 母校: alma mater,在美语中经常出现,源于拉丁语 (Etymology: Latin)。 3 我没有什么礼物送你
23、们,只好送你们一句话罢: I have nothing to offer you as a gift except a word of advice。 4 为了这张毕业文凭: for obtaining the diploma。 5 不得已而做:意为 “出于纯粹的生活考虑 ”,故译为 “out of sheer necessity”。 6 依自己的心愿: be free to follow ones own bent。 7在年富力强的时候: be in the prime of life。 8 努力做一种专门学问: devote yourselves to a special field of study。 9 少年一去不复返 : Youth will soon be gone never to return。 10到精力衰时: in ones declining years。 11做学问: go into scholarship。 12为吃饭计: as a means of subsistence。 13不会辜负人:意为 “对某人有实实在在的好处 ”,故使用固定词组,译为 “do someone a good turn”。 14再想做点学问来补救: remedy the situation by picking up studies。 【知识模块】 其他类汉译英