1、专业英语八级（小说类汉译英）模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 1 苏小姐领了个二十左右的娇小女孩子出来，介绍道： “这是我表妹唐晓芙。 ”唐小姐妩媚端正的圆脸，有两个浅酒窝。天生着一般女人要花钱费时、调脂和粉来仿造的好脸色，新鲜得使人见了忘掉口渴而又觉嘴馋，仿佛是好水果。她眼睛并不顶大，可是灵活温柔，反衬得许多女人的大眼睛只像 政治家讲的大话，大而无当。古典学者看她说笑时露出的好牙齿，会诧异为什么古今中外诗人，都甘心变成女人头插的钗，腰
2、束的带，身体睡的席，甚至脚下践踏的鞋袜，可是从没想到化作她的牙刷。她头发没烫，眉毛不镊，口红也没有擦，似乎安心遵守天生的限止，不要弥补造化的缺陷。 2 不徇私情之秘 加拿大总理之养子犯法，法院秉公判决，不徇私情，加国总理亦大义灭亲，绝不施加任何影响，全由法院做主。消息传出，某市老干部议论纷纷，皆以为他山之石可以攻玉也。偏一现职干部妙 语惊人： “人家是资本主义国家。儿子成年后即独立生活，无赡养父母之责，故父母亦不愿再袒护儿女也 !” 3 她笑了笑，又转了一回弹槽滚儿，对他说， “如果是空枪，俺就依你 !”说完，重新举起了小左轮。她的手有点儿抖，瞄了许久，突然，颓丧地放下枪，好一时才说， “俺不
3、认命了，只求你从今以后别再当匪，好生与俺过日子 !” 他愕然，呆呆地望着她，像是在编织着一个梦幻。 “你命不好，我愿意跟你去受罪。 ”她不知为什么眼里就闪出了泪花儿。 他疑惑地走过去，接过 那枪一看，惊呆如痴。 “俺转了两次，可那子弹仍是对着枪管的 !”她哭着说。 “那时候，俺真想打死你，可一想你命这般苦，就有点儿可怜你了。你不知道，俺也是个苦命的人啊 !” 4 孔乙已是这样的使人快活，可是没有他，别人也便这么过。 有一天，大约是中秋前的两三天，掌柜正在慢慢的结账，取下粉板，忽然说， “孔乙己长久没有来了。还欠十九个钱呢 !”我才也觉得他的确长久没有来了。一个喝酒的人说道， “他怎么会来 ?
4、他打折了腿了。 ”掌柜说， “哦 !”“他总仍旧是偷。这一回，是 自己发昏，竟偷到丁举人家里去了。他家的东西，偷得的么 ?”“后来怎么样 ?”“怎么样 ?先写服辩，后来是打，打了大半夜，再打折了腿。 ”“后来呢 ?”“后来打折了腿了。 ”“打折了怎样呢 ?”“怎样 ? 谁晓得 ?许是死了。 ”掌柜也不再问，仍然慢慢地算他的账。 5 父与子 父亲拦住背起书包的儿子， “今天别去上学了，跟我下地撒化肥去。 ”见儿子不悦，父亲瞪起了眼， “我一个大字不识，不也照样长这么大 !” 儿子拎起化肥袋子，忿忿地。转眼，把 化肥都倒进了垃圾桶。 父亲大惊： “你怎么 ” 儿子从容回答， “庄稼不撒化肥，不是也
5、照样长大 ?” 6 华裔电脑名人王安博士说，影响他一生的事发生在他 6岁之时。 一天他外出玩耍，经过一棵大树时，突然有一个鸟巢掉在他的头上，里面滚出一只嗷嗷待哺的小麻雀。他决定把它带回去喂养，连同鸟巢一起带回了家。走到家门口，突然想起妈妈不允许他在家里养小动物。他轻轻地把小麻雀放在门后，急忙走进屋去请求妈妈，在他的哀求下妈妈破例答应了儿子。王安兴奋地跑到门后，不料小麻雀已经不见了，一只黑 猫在意犹未尽地擦拭着嘴巴。王安为此伤心了很久。从此，他记取了一个很大的教训：只要是自己认定的事情，决不可优柔寡断。犹豫不决固然可以免去一些做错事的机会，但也失去了成功的机遇。 7 我理所应当地是不能成为大作家
6、的，因为我对文学不够虔诚。当作家，有的人是纯粹的一种热爱，有的人则是把文学当成了敲门砖。 我属于后者。也就是说所有的人天生是当作家的料，有的人却是因为生活上的原因所迫 我常常说，我不佩服那些在艰苦的环境中能奋斗的人，而佩服那些在安逸富足的条件下还能保持奋 斗的人。苦难当然会逼迫人去奋斗，这是一种强大的动力。而有些人在优裕生活中能不去玩乐不去享受，而能够苦苦地在写作，在我觉得他们的毅力简直不可思议。 专业英语八级（小说类汉译英）模拟试卷 1答案与解析 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text int
7、o English. 1 【正确答案】 Miss Su led out a cute little girl of about twenty and introduced her to Fang, “This is my cousin, Tang Hsiao-fu.“ On Miss Tangs charming, well-proportioned, round face were two shallow dimples; one look at her fresh and natural complexion, which most girls would have had to spen
8、d time and money in imitating, was enough to make one drool and forget his thirst, as though her skin were a piece of delicious fruit. Not especially large, her eyes were lively and gentle, making the big eyes of many women seem like the big talk of politiciansbig and useless. A classic scholar, upo
9、n seeing her lovely teeth when she smiled, might wonder why both Chinese and Western traditional and modern poets would want to turn into the pin in a womans hair, the belt around her waist, the mat on which she slept, or even the shoes and socks that she wore, and not think of transforming themselv
10、es into her toothbrush. Her hair unwaved, her eyebrows unplucked, and her lips unadorned by lipstick, she appeared to allow nature to take its own course with regard to her looks and had no wish to amend it in any way. 【试题解析】 本篇节选自钱钟书先生的代表作围城。小说自 1947年面世以来，一直为广大的国内外读者所喜爱。围城几乎可以算得上是现代幽默文学语言的范本，幽默的语言在
11、这部小说中不胜枚举，钱钟书良好的天赋使他能驾轻就熟地掌握和运用这些语言。此外，围城小说中用了很多别致新颖的修辞，并不断地、多层次地出现，更凸显了作者的语言风格，对于情节的发生和发展产生了不可替代的作用。 1 妩媚端正的圆脸： “妩媚 ”可译为 “charming， lovely， graceful”； “端正 ”可译为 “regular features， even features， a good set of features”。如果 “妩媚 ”和 “圆 ”都使用形容词，可以考虑 “端正 ”也使用形容词 “a charming， well-proportioned， round face”
12、。 2 新鲜得使人见了忘掉口渴而又觉嘴馋，仿佛是好水果：如果照搬原句语序，可译为 “(her face)was so fresh that it made one forget ones thirst and feel gluttonous， as if it were good fruit”。虽基本能够达意，但原文流露出来的诙谐荡然无存。可以调整动词短语的顺序，使译文更加符合英语的行文习惯，译为 “(her fresh and natural complexion)was enough to make one drool and forget his thirst，as though her
13、 skin were a piece of delicious fruit。 ” 3 她眼睛并不顶大，可是灵活温柔，反衬得许多女人的大眼睛只像政治家讲的大话，大而无当：这 句作者使用了四个 “大 ”字，语言简洁，采用对比、夸张、明喻等修辞方法达到幽默的效果。可译为： “Not especially large， her eyes were lively and gentle， making the big eyes of many women seem like the big talk of politiciansbig and useless ”。译文风格接近原文风格，堪称佳译。 4 似乎
14、安心遵守天生的限止： “安心 ”指 “心情安定 ”， “天生的限止 ”指 “天生的长相 ”。 如直译为 “as if she contentedly abides by the natural features”，只能算达意的基本条件，但无法做到与原文神似。可译为 “she appeared to allow nature to take its own course with regard to her looks”。 【知识模块】 小说类汉译英 2 【正确答案】 Explanation for No Favoritism The adopted son of the Canadian Pr
15、ime Minister broke the law, and the Canadian court of justice, showing no favoritism, gave him the punishment which was his due. On his part, the Canadian leader, placing laws above paternal affection, refrained from exercising any influence and left the matter entirely to the court. When the retire
16、d officials of a certain city in China read about the news, they couldnt help commenting admiringly: “This should be an object lesson for us!“ One official still in office, however, surprised everyone with this wonderful explanation, “Theirs is a capitalist country. Children come of age all live ind
17、ependently from their parents and are not duty-bound to support them. Thats why they are reluctant to help their children out.“ 【试题解析】 本篇选自报刊文摘，作者海啸。原文共 3句话，译成英文时宜独立成段。除了 “妙语惊人 ”这一反语，作者未做任何评论。微型小说描写的是中国大陆最新的社会现象，但使用的语言属于带古味的当代标准汉语，全文读来发人深省，又不乏趣味。 不徇私情之秘： “不徇私情 ”如译为 “not be swayed by personal conside
18、rations”，文章题目会显得过于冗长。 “favoritism”表示 “(无原则或不公正的 )照顾、偏袒 ”，与文章意思相吻合。 “秘 ”如译为 “secret”也不合 适。 “the secret of”表示 “ 的秘诀 ”如： “the secret of success”。文章是对该现职干部对加法院的判决做了绝妙的解释，故译为 “explanation for” 。 法院秉公判决，不徇私情： “秉公判决 ”表示动作， “不徇私情 ”表示原因，故 “不徇私情 ”可用现在分词，表示 “秉公判决 ”的原因。这里的 “秉公 ”与 “不徇私情 ”是同义重复。 “判决 ”指 “判决有罪，惩罚犯法
19、者 ”。所以，译作： “the Canadian court of justice， showing no favoritism， gave him the punishment which was his due ”。 大义灭亲：按照现代汉语词典， “大义灭亲 ”是指 “为了维护正义，对违反国家人民利益的亲人不徇私情，使受法律制裁。 ”根据上下文，这里表示 “置法律于父爱之上 ”，建议译为： “place laws above paternal affection”。 议论纷纷：可褒可贬，此处是一片赞扬声，故译作： “they couldnt help commenting admiring
20、ly”。 他山之石可以攻玉 也： object lesson： an event or story that shows you the right or wrong way of doing something(有教育意义的榜样或实例 )。用在此处非常合适。建议译为： “This should be an object less on for us!”。 偏一现职干部妙语惊人： “离职 ”是 “be out of office”。 “现职 ”是 “in office”。 “妙语惊人 ”在此处是动宾结构，故译为： “One official still in office，however,su
21、rprised everyone with this wonderful explanation” 。 故父母亦不愿再袒护儿女也：因为是口语体，用词应该比较口语化，可以使用“help sb out”表示 “搭救某人脱离困境 ”，即袒护儿女。 【知识模块】 小说类汉译英 3 【正确答案】 Smiling, she rotated the magazine again and said, “If theres no shot, Ill be your wife.“ With this she raised the small revolver again. Her hand a little sh
22、aky, she aimed at him for a long time, but suddenly put down her gun in dejection. “I wont accept what fate decides anymore,“ she finally said. “I only beg you not to be a bandit anymore and to start a new life with me.“ He was stunned, staring at her blankly as if making up a dream. “You were born
23、with a bad life, but Im willing to be your wife and suffer with vou.“ she said, tears mysteriously welling up her eyes. Perplexed, he walked overr picked up his gun for a look, and was dumbfounded. “I rotated it two times, but each time the bullet landed at the breech.“ she cried. “At that moment, I
24、 really wanted to kill you, but when I thought of your miserable life, I felt a little sorry for you. You dont know, but I also have had a bad life.“ 【试题解析】 本篇节选自著名小小说高手孙方友先生的女票，文字简洁、跌宕起伏。女票属于传奇小说，翻译时须兼顾风格，文中出现不少地道的口语，翻译时，须注意句子的分合。 弹槽滚儿 枪管 ：此处出现了对应的英语单词本身比较常见，但使用了其较为生僻的意思。分别译为 “magazine”、 “breech”。
25、俺不认命 你命不好 可一想你命这般苦 俺也是个苦命的人啊 ：短短一段文字，出现了四次 “命 ”，带有浓厚的中国文化特色。因为英语中没有相应的词语和相同的文化概念，故只能采用释译的方法，单独处理。 “俺不认命 ”译为“I wont accept what fate decides anymore ”， “你命不好 ”译为 “You were born with a bad life ”， “可一想你命这般苦 ”译为 “when I thought of your miserable life”， “俺也是个苦命的人啊 ”译为 “I also have had a bad life ”。 呆呆地：
26、这里表示 “出神地 ”、 “茫然地 ”、 “毫无表情地 ”，故译为 “blankly”。 她不知为什么眼里就闪出了泪花儿：地道的英语表达习惯多用物作主语，原文中的 “为什么 ”可以理解为 “神秘地 ”、 “不知道原因地 ”，故整句可译为 “tears mysteriously welling up her eyes”。 【知识模块】 小说类汉译英 4 【正确答案】 That was how Kong Yiji contributed to our enjoyment, but we got along all right without him too. One day, shortly be
27、fore the Mid-Autumn Festival, at least I think it was, my boss, who was slowly making out his accounts, took down the tallyboard. “Kong Yiji hasnt shown up for a long time,“ he remarked suddenly. “He still owes nineteen coppers.“ That made me realize how long it was since we had seen him. “How could
28、 he?“ rejoined one of the customers. “His legs were broken in that last beating up.“ “Ah!“ said my boss. “Hed been stealing again. This time he was fool enough to steal from Mr. Ding, the provincial-grade scholar. As if anybody could get away with that!“ “So what happened?“ “What happened? First he
29、wrote a confession, then he was beaten. The beating lasted nearly all night, and they broke both his legs.“ “And then?“ “Well, his legs were broken.“ “Yes, but after?“ “After? . Who knows? He may be dead.“ My boss asked no further questions but went on slowly making up his accounts. 【试题解析】 本篇节选自鲁迅笔下
30、的孔乙己，表现了举人打折孔乙己双腿这一情节。这一重要情节，作品里既没有直接交代，也不是正面描绘，而是通过掌柜和酒客的平常搭话中透露出来的。掌柜随口问，酒客信嘴答，对孔乙己遭受那么大的冤屈和灾难，在熟识的咸亨酒店里竟然得不到人们应有的 关切和同情；而对于举人的凶残行径，却也没有谁站出来表示一点愤慨和不平。中国封建社会里人们之间的隔膜、冷酷、麻木到了何等触目惊心、令人颤栗的地步 !这是小说的高潮所在，也是作者匠心独运特别照亮主题的地方。 掌柜：旧指 “老板或总管店铺的人 ”。故译为现代英语相对应的 “boss”。 粉板：也就是 “旧时店里用来暂时记账的白漆牌子 ”，译为 “tally board”
31、。 还欠十九个钱： “钱 ”旧指 “铜板 ”，译为 “copper”。 他打折了腿了：实指 “他被人打折了腿 ”，译为： “His legs were broken in that last beating up ”。补充他在最后一次挨打中双腿都打折了。 丁举人： “举人 ”是旧时参加全省范围的科举考试 (乡试 )及格后所取得的资格，亦称作 “孝廉 ”。故采用了解释性翻译策略，译为 “Mr Ding the provincial-grade scholar”。 写服辩：服辩在中国古代指 “犯人对判决所做的服与不服的表示 ”。这里孔乙己应该承认自己偷书，故译为 “wrote a confessi
32、on”。 【知识模块】 小说类汉译英 5 【正确答案】 Father some are forced to take to letters for one reason or another I often say that I dont admire those who struggle in a tight corner, but those who keep forging ahead even in comfort and wealth. Hardship, of course, is a powerful motive, impelling people to spare no ef
33、fort in their undertakings. Some people, however, though living a well-off life, dont indulge in pleasure-seeking, but are engaged in the painstaking efforts of writing. Their will, to me. is incredible. 【试题解析】 选自孙少山我与小说，见八百米深处，外语教育与研究出版社，中国文学出版社 1999年出版。 虔诚： “虔诚 ”除了可以译成 “devoted”之外，还可以翻译成 “pious”或者“devout”， “sincere”等。 敲门砖： “敲门砖 ”是个比喻，可以根据其意义翻译成 “stepping stone”。 【知识模块】 小说类汉译英
