1、专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷 24及答案与解析 一、 PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the f
2、ollowing way: (1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign and write t 0 There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is, in part,
3、a familial disease. Since families have similar genes as well as similar environments, familial diseases could be due to shared genetic influences, to shared environmental factors, or both. For some years, the role of 1._ one environmental factor commonly shared by families, namely dietary salt (i.e
4、., sodium chloride), has been studied at Brookhaven National Laboratory. These studies suggest that chromic excess salt digestion 2._ can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals. Some individuals, however, and some rats consuming large amounts of salt without 3._ developing high blood pressur
5、e. No matter how strictly all environmental factors were controlled in these experiments, some salt-feeding animals 4._ never developed hypertension although a few rapidly developed very 5._ severe hypertension followed by early death. These marked variations were interpreted to result from differen
6、ces in genetic constitution. By mating in successive generations only those animals that succeeded 6._ to develop hypertension from salt ingestion, a resistant strain (the “R“ Strain) has been evolved in which consumption of large quantities of salt fails to influence the blood pressure significantl
7、y. In contrast, by mating only animals that quickly develop hypertension from salt, a sensitive strain (“S“ strain) has also been found. 7._ The availability of these tow strains permits investigations not heretofore possible. They provide a feasible laboratory model which to 8._ investigate some cl
8、inical aspects of the human prototypes of hypertension. More important, there might be the possibility of developing methods by 9._ which genetic susceptibility of human beings to high blood pressure can be defined without waiting for its appearance. Radioactive sodium 22 was an important “tool“ in
9、working for the characteristics of the sodium chloride. 10._ 10 Children are getting so fat they may be the first generation to die before their parents, an expert claimed yesterday. Todays youngsters are already falling prey of potential killers such as diabetes and hypertension because 1._ of thei
10、r weight. Fat fast-food diet combined with sedentary lifestyles 2._ dominated by televisions and computers mean kids will die tragically 3._ young, says Professor Andrew Prentice. In the UK alone, more than one million under-16s are classed as overweight or obese double on the number in the mid Eigh
11、ties. One in 4._ ten four-year- olds are also medically classified as obese. The obesity pandemic an extensive epidemic which started in the US, has now spread to Europe, Australasia, Central America and the Middle East. Many nations now record more than 20 per cent of their population as clinically
12、 obese and well over half the population overweight. 5._ Prof. Prentice said the change in our shape has been caused by oversupply of easily available high-energy foods combined with a dramatic 6. -_ drop in the energy we use as a result of technology developments. He is not lonely in his concern. O
13、nly last week one medical journal 7._ revealed how obesity was fuelling a rise in cancer cases. Obesity also increases the risk factor for strokes and heart disease as well as diabetes. An average obese persons lifespan is shortened by around nine years 8. _ while a severely obese person by many mor
14、e. Prof. Prentice said: “So parents outlive their children, as claimed recently 9._ by an American obesity specialist? The answer is yes and no. Yes, when the offspring become grossly obese. This is now becoming an alarmingly common occurrence in the US. Such children and adolescents have a greatly
15、reduced quality of life in terms both their physical and psychosocial health.“ 10._ So say “No“ to that doughnut and burger. 专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷 24答案与解析 一、 PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contai
16、ns a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: (1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of
17、the missing word with a “ “ sign and write t 【知识模块】 改错 1 【正确答案】 both to 【试题解析】 本题为缺词错误。此处是用 or连接的三个并列结构，根据前两个成分观察得知每一部分都是 “to+n ”，故此处也应该是 “to both”。 【知识模块】 改错 2 【正确答案】 digestion ingestion 【试题解析】 本题 为名词误用。根据下文细节可知本文探讨盐的摄入量的多少对高血压发病率的影响，而不是讨论盐的消化。 【知识模块】 改错 3 【正确答案】 consuming consume 【试题解析】 本题为非谓语动词误用
18、。如果 consume采用非谓语动词作后置定语，则此句缺少谓语动词，故无需采用非谓语动词形式。 【知识模块】 改错 4 【正确答案】 salt feeding salt-fed 【试题解析】 本题为非谓语动词误用。此处指 “被喂以食盐的老鼠们 ”，逻辑主语和 feed的逻辑关系是 被动的，应当采用过去分词形式作定语。 【知识模块】 改错 5 【正确答案】 although whereas while 【试题解析】 本题为连词误用。本句已经有 no matter how引导的让步状语从句，表示在环境因素严格控制下的两种不同情况，此处强调两者的对比，宜用whereas或 while，而不是再次采用
19、让步从句。 【知识模块】 改错 6 【正确答案】 succeeded failed 【试题解析】 本题为逻辑错误。根据下文提到一种抗体基因 R从这些老鼠体内提炼出来，这种抗体使大量摄入食盐无法影响血压。可见这些老鼠是没得高血压的老鼠，故用 failed。 【知识模块】 改错 7 【正确答案】 found evolved developed 【试题解析】 本题为动词误用。 found表示原来就存在，现在才发现。根据实验描述，这种敏感基因是在几代老鼠交配后形成的，同样上文在描述抗体基因的形成时用的是 evolve， “演化发展而成 ”，此处也当用 evolve或近义词 develop。 【知识模块
20、】 改错 8 【正确答案】 which / 【试题解析】 本题为赘词错误。 which作为关系代词应当引导从句，但后面只是不定式， provide sth to do sth足矣，不需画蛇添足。 【知识模块】 改错 9 【正确答案】 important importantly 【试题解析】 本题为形容词误用。此处应当是句子的状语部分，类似于moreover， besides，应当采用副词而不是形容词。 【知识模块】 改错 10 【正确答案】 for out 【试题解析】 本题为动词与介词搭配错误。 work for表示 “为 而工作 ”，但此处表示找出氯化钠 (食盐 )的特性，故应当用 “wo
21、rk out”，表示 “计算出，了解 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 11 【正确答案】 of to 【试题解析】 本题为介词误用。 fall prey to为固定搭配，意为 “成为 的猎物，受害者 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 12 【正确答案】 Fat Fatty 【试题解析】 本题为词意错误。此处指 “高热量的油腻的快餐食物 ”，应当用形容词 fatty，而名词 fat指 “脂肪 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 13 【正确答案】 mean means 【试题解析】 本题为动词误用。此句主语为 Fat fast-food diet，谓语动词应当用第三人称单数形式，主语后加的 comb
22、ined with sb sth， together with sbsth并不是并列主语，而是补充成分，不影响谓语动词。 【知识模块】 改错 14 【正确答案】 on / 【试题解析】 本题为动词误用。 double可以作及物 动词或不及物动词，意为 “增长为两倍 ”，如： Double all the quantities in the recipe to make enough for eight people Membership almost doubled in two years但没有 double on the number的用法。 【知识模块】 改错 15 【正确答案】 (th
23、e)population 一 as 【试题解析】 本题为缺词。此处是 and引导的并列结构，上文是 record more than 20 per cent of their population as clinically obese，下文为 record well over half the population as overweight。动词相同而省略，但 as不能省略。 【知识模块】 改错 16 【正确答案】 oversupply an 【试题解析】 本题为冠词误用。 oversupply是可数名词，必须使用冠词，此处为泛指，在文中第一次出现，用不定冠词。 【知识模块】 改错 17
24、【正确答案】 lonely alone 【试题解析】 本题为形容词误用。 lonely表示 “感觉上孤单的 ”，但此处表示他不是唯一持有这种观点的人，应当用 alone“唯一的，单独的 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 18 【正确答案】 average averagely 【试题解析】 本题为形容词误用。此处是指一般肥胖的人， averagely修饰obese，而不是 average修饰名词中心语 lifespan，如果 average修饰 lifespan，则形容词次序不正确，应该是 obese persons average lifespan。 【知识模块】 改错 19 【正确答案】 parents will 【试题解析】 本题为缺词。此处应当是一般疑问句，需要助动词提前，根据文意这是对未来的推测，加 will。 【知识模块】 改错 20 【正确答案】 both of 【试题解析】 本题为缺词错误。 in term of“鉴于，就 而言 ”，为固定搭配。 【知识模块】 改错
