1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 57及答案与解析 0 When they advise your kids to “get an education“ if you want to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide man power for your society, but not too much that you prove an embarrassment to your societ
2、y. Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you are occupationally dead, unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison and you can successfully drop out in grade school. Get college degree, if possible. With a B.A., you are on the launching pad. But now you have
3、to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a masters degree, make sure it is a M.B.A., and only from a first-rate university. Beyond mis, the famous law of diminishing returns begins to take effect. Do you know, for instance, that long-hand truck drivers earn more a year than full professors? Yes,
4、 the average salary for those truckers was $24,000, while the full professors managed to average just $23,930. A Ph.D. is the highest degree you can get, but except in a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry, where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes,
5、you are facing a dim future. There are more Ph.D.s unemployed or underemployed in this country than in any other part of the world by far. If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or anthropology or political science or languages or worst of all in philosophy, you run the risk of b
6、ecoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands. Thousands of Ph.D.s are selling shoes, driving cabs, waiting on tables and filling out fruitless applications month after month. And then maybe taking a job in some high school or backwater college that
7、pays much less than the janitor earns. You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you. 1 By mentioning Bernard Shaw and Thomas Edison, the a
8、uthor means to support the idea that （ A） ones chance to succeed has nothing to do with education. （ B） many talented people become successful without education. （ C） few people can be successful without a high school education. （ D） people as famous as them will succeed without proper education. 2
9、The author suggests that its satisfactory enough for one to get （ A） a high school diploma. （ B） a college degree. （ C） a masters degree. （ D） a doctors degree. 3 The law of diminishing returns is manifested by the fact that （ A） the elder generations earn less than their childrens generations. （ B）
10、 ordinary truck drivers have to work harder than full professors. （ C） a college diploma is more promising than a high school diploma. （ D） people with a B.A.earn more than those with a doctors degree. 4 It is indicated in the passage that it is most likely for the Ph.D.s in philosophy to be （ A） of
11、 little commercial value. （ B） not needed by the society. （ C） difficult to succeed in their profession. （ D） unable to satisfy the countrys demand. 5 Your income can parallel your education only when （ A） you are not a Ph.D.in liberals arts. （ B） you get no more than college education. （ C） what yo
12、u learn is practical but not theoretical. （ D） what you learn is not beyond the national demands. 5 The dramatic collapse in American consumer confidence, following the World Trade Center attack, increases the likelihood that the US economy will slide into recession. Its not a nice message, but ther
13、es no point in ignoring lifes harsh realities. Americas economy had been dragged along for nearly 18 months by the refusal of US consumers to face up to the fact that they were spending more than they were earning, share prices(especially in the high-tech sector)were in retreat, corporate America wa
14、s cutting investment, and US unemployment was about to rise. The devastation wrought by the suicide killers has shaken American consumers from their state of denial. In Europe too, consumers have been rattled by the Manhattan atrocity and President Bushs subsequent determination to hunt down the kil
15、lers. A survey by a research group on behalf of the European Commission shows consumer confidence falling across the eurozone countries. But its America that is the greatest cause for concern. When the US stops spending, the rest of the world suffers. It imports more than any other country. In Brita
16、in, for example, Americans represent a big chunk of the tourism market, especially in London. The US is also crucially important to British-based car manufacturers, such as Jaguar and Land Rover, which seem certain to feel the pinch along with other luxury brands. This economic slowdown is not the c
17、reation of fevered press minds; its real and its now. Thats why the US government is considering a $100 billion revival package, including cuts in capital gains taxes and corporate taxes, to stimulate demand. Likewise, central banks in America, Europe and Britain have trimmed interest rates to beat
18、off a credit crunch and lubricate the wheels of commerce. Their swift action is a tacit admission that a deep recession is possible, if not probably. Leading US investment bank, Morgan Stanley, told the Financial Times, “Never in their lifetimes have so many Americans feared for their safety in goin
19、g to work, taking time off, or in procuring their daily needs.“ Stock markets, where most international indexes are about 30% below their 1999-2000 peaks, are telling us that corporate earnings are likely to be much lower than analysts had expected. Some sectors, such as airlines, hotels and insuran
20、ce will be driven deep into loss. There is also a share-price discount for uncertainty, the biggest element of which is the extent of American military actions. Until the scale of the Middle East conflict becomes clear, investors will continue to shun the risk of equities for the certainty of cash a
21、nd government bonds. Recovery will come. It always does. But a swift return to the go-go days of the late 1990s is inconceivable. 6 After the World Trade Center attack, Americans have to face the following realities except （ A） the dramatic collapse in consumer confidence. （ B） that they spend more
22、than they earn. （ C） that the economy slides into recession. （ D） the declining investment of the business people. 7 When President Bush decided to hunt down the suicide killers, people felt （ A） positive. （ B） cautious. （ C） doubtful. （ D） anxious. 8 US governments cuts in taxes are intended to （ A
23、） stimulate import and export. （ B） restore the vigor of economy. （ C） bring back the confidence of spending. （ D） help the sale of European luxury brands. 9 Morgan Stanley has observed the influence of the attack on （ A） consumer confidence. （ B） domestic stock market. （ C） service sector trade. （
24、D） corporate investment. 10 What does the author think about the future of the economy? （ A） He expects that the economy wont relate to military actions. （ B） He expects that the economy will be better than the late 1990s. （ C） He is affirmative that the economy will revive. （ D） He is uncertain whe
25、ther the economy will revive. 10 In the south of Spain, there was a small village whose people were very joyful and lucky. The children played under the shade of trees in the gardens of their home. A shepherd boy whose name was Nasir, stayed near the village with his father, mother and grandmother.
26、Early morning each day, he took his herd of goats up the hills to find a suitable place for them to graze. In the afternoon he would return with them to the village. At night his grandmother would tell him a story. As usual, on one of these days, as Nasir was watching his herd and playing his flute
27、he suddenly saw a wonderful light behind the flower bush. When he came towards the branches he saw a transparent and most beautiful crystal ball. The crystal ball was glittering like a colorful rainbow. Nasir carefully took it in his hand and turned it around. With surprise suddenly he heard a weak
28、voice coming from the crystal ball. It said, “You can make a wish that your heart desires and I will fulfill it.“ Nasir could not believe that he had actually heard a voice. But he became so engrossed in his thoughts for he had so many wishes but he must wish for something which was impossible like
29、the wish to be able to fly. He said to himself, “if I wait till tomorrow I will remember many things.“ He put the crystal ball in a bag and gathered the herd, happily returning back to the village. He decided that he would not tell anyone about the crystal ball. On the following day also, Nasir coul
30、d not decide what to wish for, because he really had everything he needed. The days passed as usual, and Nasir appeared to be very cheerful that the people around him were a-mazed to see his cheerful disposition. One day a boy followed Nasir and his herd and hid behind a tree. Nasir as usual sat in
31、one corner, took out the crystal ball and for a few moments looked at it. The boy waited for the moment when Nasir would go to sleep. Then he took the crystal ball and ran away. When he arrived in the village, he called all the people and showed them the crystal ball. The citizens of that village to
32、ok the crystal ball in their hand and turned it around with surprise. Suddenly they heard a voice from inside the crystal ball, which said, “I can fulfill your wish.“ One person took the ball and screamed, “I want one bag full of gold.“ Another took the ball and said loudly, “I want two chests full
33、of jewelry.“ Some of them wished that they would have their own palace with grand door made from pure gold instead of their old houses. Some also wished for bags full of jewelry, but nobody asked for gardens in their palaces. All their wishes were fulfilled but still the citizens of the village were
34、 not happy. They were jealous because the person that had a palace had no gold and the person that had the gold had no palace. For this reason, the citizens of the village were angry and were not speaking to each other. There was not even one garden which existed in the village where the children co
35、uld play. The patience of the children was running out and they were uncomfortable. Nasir and his family were happy and pleased. Every morning and afternoon he would play the flute. The children could not wait anymore and decided to return the crystal ball to Nasir, The parents and neighbours went t
36、o him. The children said to Nasir, “When we had a small village we all were happy and joyful.“ The parents also said, “In one way or another nobody is happy. The expensive palaces and jewelry only bring us pain.“ When Nasir saw that the people were really regretful, he said, “I have not wished till
37、now, if you really want everything to return to its own place, then I will wish for it.“ Everyone happily a-greed. Nasir took the crystal ball in his hand, turned it around and wished that the village become the same as it was before. Everyone quickly turned towards the village and saw it became the
38、 same old village with gardens full of trees and fruits. Once again the people started to live happily and the children played under the shade of trees. From the next day and everyday at sunset the sound of Nasirs flute could be heard in the village. 11 The details in the story are organized in the
39、pattern of （ A） cause and effect. （ B） chronological order. （ C） spatial order. （ D） exemplification. 12 When Nasir heard the voice from the crystal ball, he didnt answer immediately because （ A） he wanted to save the wish for his family. （ B） he was too happy to remember anything. （ C） he was shock
40、ed by the talking ball. （ D） he didnt know what wish to make. 13 The boy followed Nasir in order to （ A） prove that Nasir was hiding something good. （ B） take the ball and share with the villagers. （ C） find out why Nasir was cheerful. （ D） steal the ball when Nasir slept. 14 “Nasir and his family w
41、ere happy and pleased“ because （ A） only their family had a garden. （ B） their life was not disturbed by the ball. （ C） they saw the trouble caused by the ball. （ D） they only wished for a happy life. 15 The story may well illustrate the proverb “_“. （ A） A contented mind is a continual feast （ B） A
42、 little learning is a dangerous thing （ C） Every advantage has its disadvantage （ D） God helps those who help themselves 15 They may be just passing your office, computer bag slung over one shoulder. Or they may be sitting in a car outside it, casually tapping away at a laptop. They look like innoce
43、nt passers-by. In fact, they are stealing your corporate secrets. Drive-by hacking is the trendy term given to the practice of breaking into wireless computer networks from outside the buildings that house them. A recent study in the UK, sponsored by RSA Data Security, found that two-thirds of organ
44、izations with wireless networks were risking their data in this way. Security experts patrolled several streets in the City of London seeking evidence of wireless networks in operation. Of 124 that they identified, 83 were sending data without encrypting them. Such data could readily be picked up by
45、 a passer-by armed only with a portable computer, a wireless modem and a few pieces of software that can be freely downloaded from the Internet. The data could include sensitive company documents containing valuable information. Or they could be e-mail identities and passwords that could be used by
46、hackers to log into corporate networks as if they were legitimate users. Most companies using wireless networking technology do not take even the simplest of precautions to protect their data. Nearly all wireless network technology comes with some basic security features that need only to be activat
47、ed in order to give a minimum level of security, for example, by encrypting the data being passed over the network. Raymond Kruck, business development manager at Check Point Software, a security technology specialist, believes this could be partly a psychological problem. People see the solid walls
48、 of their building as bulwarks and forget that wireless networks can extend up to 200 meters beyond physical walls. Companies without any security at all on their wireless networks make it risibly easy for hackers to break in. Switching on the security that comes with the network technology should b
49、e automatic. Then there are other basic steps a company can take, says Mr. Kruck, such as changing the passwords on the network from the default setting. Companies can also install firewalls, which form a barrier between the internal network and the public Internet. They should also check their computer records regularly to spot any abnormal activity, which might betray the presence of a hacker. 16 According to the study sponsored by RSA Data Security, two thirds of the subjects （ A） had their corporate data stolen. （ B） depended on wireless computer networ
