1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 1004及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My View on Money. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1有人喜欢存钱 2有人却喜欢提前消费 3我的观点 My View on Money 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimmi
2、ng and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contra
3、dicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Quick Change in Strategy for a Bookseller In the movie Youve Cot Mail, Tom Hanks played the aggressive big-box retailer Joe Fox driving the little bookshop owner played by Meg Ryan out of
4、 business. Twelve years later, it may be Joe Foxs turn to worry. Readers have gone from skipping small bookstores to wondering if they need bookstores at all. More people are ordering books online or getting them from the best-seller bin at Wal-Mart. But the threat that has the industry and some rea
5、ders the most rattled is the growth of e-books. In the first five months of 2009, e-books made up 2.9 percent of trade book sales. In the same period in 2010, sales of e-books, which generally cost less than hardcover books, grew to 8. 5 percent, according to the Association of American Publishers,
6、spurred by sales of the Amazon Kindle and the new Apple iPad. For Barnes McDonalds now sells【 S5】 _salads than any other eating establishment. 【 S6】 _last month came the discouraging word from the National Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that Americans have【 S7】 _far short of the goals se
7、t a decade ago to increase consumption of vegetables. In 2009, just one in three adults had three or more servings a day. That was half the【 S8】 _public health officials had hoped for. And it falls【 S9】 _shorter if you look at the current recommendations: at least four to five vegetable servings dai
8、ly. Please note the【 S10】_of a serving: half a cup of cut-up or cooked vegetables, one cup of fresh greens, half a cup of cooked dried beans, or, if you must, six ounces of vegetable juice. A)percentage F)springing K)Yet B)accumulated G)introducing L)comments C)disagree H)Already M)different D)defin
9、ition I)more N)fallen E)encourage J)even O)rate 48 【 S1】 49 【 S2】 50 【 S3】 51 【 S4】 52 【 S5】 53 【 S6】 54 【 S7】 55 【 S8】 56 【 S9】 57 【 S10】 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four
10、choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 57 Environmental asceticism has created a vogue for upgrading light-bulbs and tweaking thermostats(恒温器 ). But according to a new piece of research, many of these actions however virtuous arise from faulty perceptions of energy savin
11、gs. Shahzeen Attari of Columbia University and her colleagues recruit 505 volunteers from across America. Each was asked to estimate the energy consumption of nine household devices as well as the energy savings incurred by six green activities. The researchers then compared the volunteers estimates
12、 with the actual energy requirements or savings in question. Their results suggest that although people do grasp basic energy trends, they are decidedly hazy on the details. On average, participants underestimated both energy use and energy savings by a factor of 2. 8 mostly because they undervalued
13、 the requirements of large machines like heaters and clothes dryers. As a result, they failed to recognize the huge energy savings that can come from improving the efficiency of such appliances. Miscalculations like these hinder conservation efforts. When asked to rank the single most effective way
14、to save energy, participants typically endorsed activities with small savings, such as turning off lights, while ignoring what they could economize on larger devices. This suggests that people misallocate their efforts, fretting(烦恼 )over an unattended lamp(at 100 watts)while neglecting the energy th
15、ey could save by shifting their washer settings from “hot“ to “warm“(4 000 watt-hours for each load of laundry). A quirk(怪癖 )of human psychology could help to explain these persistent underestimates. When calculating such things, people often adopt a familiar unit as a mental scale and then generate
16、 predictions based on that unit. As a side-effect, their estimates cluster too closely around the measure a phenomenon called “anchoring.“ This suggests an obvious criticism: by providing the light-bulb figure, the researchers primed their subjects to underestimate energy consumption. But the author
17、s argue that rather than introducing a methodological flaw, they simply acknowledged a shared point of reference. When it comes to an accessible, quantitative measure of energy, consumers are uniquely familiar with the 100W bulb. As a result, Dr. Attari expects bulbs to exert an anchoring effect on
18、the general population as well as on her volunteers, contributing to widespread underestimates of the energy demands of large appliances. 58 What can we learn from the new research? （ A） Many energy-saving measures are based on wrong ideas. （ B） Many people overestimate the energy consumption of bul
19、bs. （ C） Some energy-saving actions are not well-intentioned. （ D） Urgent measures should be taken to save energy. 59 Why do people fail to realize the energy savings from improving the efficiency of appliances? （ A） Because they overlook the use of energy-saving appliances. （ B） Because they dont k
20、now the details of basic energy trends. （ C） Because they underestimate the demands of highly energy-consuming appliances. （ D） Because they tend to miscalculate the energy consumption of larger appliances. 60 What is the most effective way to save energy according to the author? （ A） Realizing the
21、benefit from turning off a bulb. （ B） Cutting down the use of larger devices. （ C） Calculating energy consumption accurately. （ D） Changing the settings of appliances. 61 What causes the underestimate of energy consumption? （ A） People dont know the related figures of appliances. （ B） People incline
22、 to be close to mental scales when estimating things. （ C） Researchers indicate participants may overestimate consumption. （ D） People dont have the same points of reference. 62 What does Dr. Attari learn from the findings of the research? （ A） A methodological fault may lead to the wrong estimate o
23、f energy use. （ B） Most people tend to underestimate the energy consumption. （ C） There is not an accessible way to measure the use of energy. （ D） Familiarity with bulbs leads to the underestimate of energy consumption. 62 Holding on to the belief that children will shed their “baby fat“ as they ge
24、t older may allow the childhood obesity epidemic last forever, and laying a foundation for obesity later in life among overweight kids. According to 2006 data from the Centers for Disease Control, 16% of American children were obese, and 32% overweight, with a growing proportion of overweight and ob
25、ese children under age four. It is critical to identify the “tipping point“ between baby fat and obesity risk, according to research from Eastern Virginia Medical School and Childrens Hospital of The Kings Daughters. In a study of 111 overweight patients between the ages of 2 and 20, researchers ana
26、lyzed the patterns of childrens weight gain to determine at what age intervention to prevent obesity is most useful. Their conclusions: some children were on the road to obesity as early as three months, meaning that doctors need to discuss unhealthy weight gain with parents as early as their childs
27、 infancy, but certainly no later than age two. The children included in the study all had a body mass index(BMI)higher than 85% of the rest of their age group the definition for overweight and, according to their medical records, on average most had begun gaining excess weight as early as three mont
28、hs old. As they got older, the increasing accumulation of excess weight caught up with them, with more than half of children becoming overweight by age two, and 90% becoming overweight by age five. The findings, the researchers stress, indicate the need for pediatricians(儿科医生 )to address weight gain
29、 during routine check-ups as children grow, and to equip parents with the information they need to ensure that their children arent on course for obesity in childhood or later. The key, the researchers write in the study, is prevention: “Older identified overweight children arise from excessive weig
30、ht gain in infancy,“ a finding which means that, “future research should investigate prevention and treatment strategies to mitigate(减轻 )excessive weight gain at this early stage.“ 63 What does the data from the Centers for Disease Control show about American children? （ A） Most American children un
31、der age four were obese. （ B） Half of American children under age four were overweight. （ C） Most overweight children are four years old. （ D） More children under age four are becoming obese. 64 Identifying the “tipping point“ between baby fat and obesity risk is very important in that_. （ A） baby f
32、at is quite different from obesity （ B） baby fat will not develop into obesity （ C） early baby fat can lead to obesity later （ D） baby fat and obesity have much in common 65 What does the study of 111 overweight patients imply? （ A） Children are becoming obese as early as three months old. （ B） Doct
33、ors should discuss childrens unhealthy weight gain with their parents when they are age two. （ C） They cant determine when they should intervene to prevent childrens obesity problem. （ D） Childrens obesity problem should be discussed as early as infancy. 66 The children studied are different from th
34、eir counterparts in that_. （ A） they have a body mass index 85% higher （ B） they gain weight as early as three months old （ C） they become overweight at age two （ D） their body mass index is higher than most of their age group 67 A finding of the research shows that the most important thing in reduc
35、ing children obesity is that_. （ A） prevention and treatment measures to reduce extra weight gain should be researched （ B） doctors should pay more attention to weight gain during routine check-ups （ C） parents should pay more attention to their childrens obesity （ D） overweight children arise from
36、excessive weight gain in infancy or childhood 三、 Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. 67 If your child is asking for Ugg boots or a pr
37、icey hot toy for the holidays, its time for a teachable moment. Even if your kid has less lofty【 C1】 _, the holidays are still a great time to give him some important【 C2】 _lessons. “Parents want kids to have【 C3】 _they want, but if theyre not teaching limit-setting, its doing them a【 C4】 _disservic
38、e.“ says money coach Olivia Mellan. Financial literacy expert Susan Beacham says parents have to lead by【 C5】 _. If they buy gifts for their kids that【 C6】 _ their own budgets, theyre only hurting their families when the bills【 C7】 _financial hardship and stress in January. Money is a(n) 【 C8】 _conc
39、ept for young people. Studies have shown their brains dont develop enough to deal with such concepts【 C9】 _theyre in their early 20s, says Beacham, who【 C10】 _financial education company Money Savvy Generation. Thats【 C11】 _true when young people dont pay their own【 C12】_or make spending decisions.
40、Mellan recommends giving children allowances “as【 C13】 _as they are old enough to make change.“ That money should be【 C14】 _into “ spending, saving, investing and charitable giving,“ she says. Beacham sells a piggy bank with sections【 C15】 _each. It may not look good Christmas presents, 【 C16】 _Mell
41、an and Beacham say cash is a great gift. 【 C17】 _with that allowance money, your kids could get the gifts of their【 C18】 _ or might reconsider. Say your children are【 C19】 _for $ 160 Ugg boots. Try giving them the money and let them see how【 C20】 _it could go at the mall if they chose less expensive
42、 footwear. 68 【 C1】 （ A） issues （ B） ideals （ C） manners （ D） tastes 69 【 C2】 （ A） political （ B） commercial （ C） financial （ D） legal 70 【 C3】 （ A） however （ B） wherever （ C） whatever （ D） whichever 71 【 C4】 （ A） puzzling （ B） terrible （ C） fantastic （ D） remarkable 72 【 C5】 （ A） example （ B） accid
43、ent （ C） memory （ D） surprise 73 【 C6】 （ A） balance （ B） stretch （ C） reduce （ D） produce 74 【 C7】 （ A） alleviate （ B） worsen （ C） settle （ D） cause 75 【 C8】 （ A） abstract （ B） concrete （ C） essential （ D） fashionable 76 【 C9】 （ A） when （ B） if （ C） after （ D） until 77 【 C10】 （ A） owes （ B） chooses
44、（ C） owns （ D） praises 78 【 C11】 （ A） relatively （ B） merely （ C） frequently （ D） especially 79 【 C12】 （ A） benefits （ B） expenses （ C） debts （ D） loans 80 【 C13】 （ A） soon （ B） usual （ C） well （ D） fast 81 【 C14】 （ A） combined （ B） transformed （ C） switched （ D） divided 82 【 C15】 （ A） above （ B） ar
45、ound （ C） for （ D） behind 83 【 C16】 （ A） or （ B） but （ C） since （ D） although 84 【 C17】 （ A） Covered （ B） Confused （ C） Coupled （ D） Compared 85 【 C18】 （ A） visions （ B） illusions （ C） horizons （ D） dreams 86 【 C19】 （ A） asking （ B） blaming （ C） preparing （ D） accounting 87 【 C20】 （ A） often （ B） fa
46、r （ C） much （ D） late 四、 Part VI Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences in the blanks by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. 88 Banks_(通常优先考虑 )large businesses when deciding on loans. 89 All students should know that only by studying hard at school_(才能拥抱美好的未来
47、). 90 _(直到实现大学梦 )did he realize that he had experienced too many difficulties. 91 The higher an areas living standard is,_(这一地区 的辍学率就越低 ). 92 _(如果不是警察及时相救 ), he could have lost his life. 大学英语四级模拟试卷 1004答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 【正确答案】 My View on Money Peoples opinions vary when it conie
48、s to money. Some maintain that money should be deposited into a savings account. In their view, saving money is of great necessity when they have large expenses coming up, such as paying for college and buying a house. Additionally, they hold that saving money can help them survive unexpected emerge
49、ncies like job loss or illness as life is unpredictable. However, others prefer to spend money in advance. A case in point is that they always borrow money by the way of swiping credit cards. They argue that it is fashionable to shop for expensive and luxurious goods that way. And in the era of consumption, they take it for granted that large sums of income shou
