1、清华大学考博英语模拟试卷 10及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Nepal is a country in central Asia that is landlocked and_ by the Himalayas. ( A) secluded ( B) bordered ( C) integrated ( D) opened 2 Thousands of people _ from Greece every year to work in West Germany. ( A) emigrate ( B) leave ( C) abandon ( D)
2、immigrate 3 The bright flowers and warm winds_that spring had come. ( A) threatened ( B) announced ( C) stated ( D) pronounced 4 He was given a present in acknowledgement of his work for the business. ( A) honor ( B) realization ( C) encouragement ( D) recognition 5 Even more crucially, they are the
3、 product of an outdated political system which has consistently sacrificed the long term to the short term and abandoned principles for _ . ( A) expedition ( B) expenditure ( C) expediency ( D) exploitation 6 A persons psychological _ has much to do with his or her happiness in life. ( A) state ( B)
4、 territory ( C) interest ( D) nation 7 Watching films of what hatred (turned) those people (into) made me choose to reject it, to deal with people (individual) and not to spot (all whites) with the Same obscene images. ( A) turned ( B) into ( C) individual ( D) all whites 8 To our disappointment, th
5、e guide also only has a slight _ with Italian. ( A) recognition ( B) orientation ( C) acquaintance ( D) familiarity 9 They found that an individual tends to conform to a _ group judgment even when that judgment is obviously in error. ( A) unanimous ( B) singular ( C) coherent ( D) versatile 10 Accor
6、ding to the new tax law, any money earned over that level is taxed at the_of 59 percent. ( A) ratio ( B) percentage ( C) proportion ( D) rate 11 Research should continue on controlled nuclear fusion, but no energy program should be premised on its existence until it has proved practical. ( A) focuse
7、d ( B) concentrated ( C) agreed ( D) based 12 You dont have to_yourself. I think you did the right thing putting your mother in a nursing home. ( A) justify ( B) hinder ( C) indulge ( D) appoint 13 The partys reduced vote was_of lack of support for its policies. ( A) indicative ( B) positive ( C) re
8、vealing ( D) evident 14 In a field with a large number of candidates, there will be lower salaries and _ competition. ( A) some ( B) steep ( C) stiff ( D) stout 15 She couldnt pay the full amount she owed, so she _ part of it to the next month. ( A) carried off ( B) carried over ( C) carried out ( D
9、) carried through 16 The government has provided the capital library with heavy _ to keep it one of the largest in the world. ( A) subscriptions ( B) tips ( C) subsidies ( D) bonuses 17 In ancient Egyptian paintings, royal figures were differentiated by making them several times larger than others.
10、( A) distinguished ( B) estranged ( C) deferred ( D) enlarged 18 Plastic bags are useful for holding many kinds of food, _ their cleanness, toughness, and low cost. ( A) by virtue of ( B) in addition to ( C) for the sake of ( D) as opposed to 19 Most of the waiters are_in their work because the owne
11、r of the restaurant does not pay them on time. ( A) rack ( B) tack ( C) slack ( D) stack 20 They are a firm of good repute and have large financial_. ( A) reserves ( B) savings ( C) storages ( D) resources 21 The _ stuck on the envelope says “By Air“. ( A) diagram ( B) label ( C) signal ( D) mark 22
12、 The earthquake that occurred in India this year was a major calamity in which a great man was lost. ( A) casualty ( B) catastrophe ( C) catalogue ( D) crusade 23 Although the media have paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employees situations, not the availabili
13、ty of technology, that _ a telecommuting arrangement. ( A) precipitates ( B) reciprocates ( C) anticipates ( D) apprehends 24 We should be able to do the job for you quickly, _ you give us all the necessary information. ( A) in case ( B) as if ( C) or else ( D) provided that 25 He is in bed with a b
14、ad cold, feeling pretty _. ( A) spacious ( B) wide ( C) sufficient ( D) wretched 26 The editor spent hours_every single page of that thick novel, looking for the slightest error. ( A) decorating ( B) scrutinizing ( C) remedying ( D) shattering 27 She decided to keep reticent about the unpleasant pas
15、t and_it to memory. ( A) attribute ( B) allude ( C) commit ( D) credit 28 _is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals. ( A) That ( B) It ( C) This ( D) As 29 Mary was extremely lucky: when her great-uncle died, she_a fortune.
16、 ( A) came by ( B) came over ( C) came into ( D) came through 30 The items contained in the parcel dont correspond _ those on the list that accompanied it. ( A) against ( B) for ( C) about ( D) with 二、 Cloze 30 Should we care if over 150 known species of animals have【 1】 from the earth in the last f
17、ifty years? Should we be concerned that there are【 2】 thousands of species whose very existence is【 3】 endangeredlargely because of our activities?【 4】 , after all, is the natural end of populations. Species are born, then【 5】 , and then die. Some live a【 6】 time, perhaps millions of years; some die
18、 more quickly. We have【 7】 the extinction of many species we know about, and we have undoubtedly sealed the【 8】 of others. In fact, there are undoubtedly many other species that have lived among us during our time on earth, but that have disappeared as a(n)【 9】 of our activities without our ever hav
19、ing known they existed. It is hard to explain the rationale of many of us who are concerned about such matters. I have never seen a sea whale,【 10】 I dont want them to become extinct. Moreover, I felt this way long before I understood anything about how they might be an important part of an ecosyste
20、m. Possibly such feelings merely reflect the cultural attitude that it is “nice“ to wish other living things well; thus, the attitude is【 11】 I feel nice. There are, of course, more rational reasons for【 12】 the extermination of any species. For one thing, the kind of attitude that encourages or san
21、ctions the destruction of other species is a threat 【 13】 our own wellbeing. If such an attitude exists, we ourselves might【 14】 victim to it. Living things (including us) might be expected to fare better where there is【 15】 for life. The extinction of other species could also threaten us【 16】 by si
22、mplifying the system of which we are a part or by destroying parts of the ecosystem【 17】 which we directly rely. For example, if we continue to poison the oceans【 18】 we are willing to believe only a few bottom dwellers are affected, we might 【 19】 overstsp some critical threshold and trigger the wh
23、olesale death of plankton, thus finding ourselves without a major【 20】 of the worlds food and with our oxygen supplies dwindling. ( A) disappeared ( B) died ( C) endangered ( D) ceased ( A) namely ( B) literally ( C) wordly ( D) directly ( A) soon ( B) presently ( C) hopefully ( D) rightly ( A) Exti
24、nction ( B) Disappearance ( C) Cease ( D) Death ( A) develop ( B) increase ( C) mature ( D) bloom ( A) long ( B) short ( C) comfortable ( D) terrible ( A) hurried ( B) urged ( C) hastened ( D) increased ( A) fate ( B) doom ( C) lucky ( D) predetermination ( A) effect ( B) result ( C) issue ( D) even
25、t ( A) still ( B) yet ( C) also ( D) then ( A) rewarded ( B) returned ( C) fulfilled ( D) affected ( A) mourning ( B) crying ( C) weeping ( D) wailing ( A) for ( B) to ( C) at ( D) with ( A) gain ( B) enter ( C) become ( D) fall ( A) reverence ( B) reverse ( C) reverie ( D) reversal ( A) seemingly (
26、 B) indirectly ( C) certainly ( D) conveniently ( A) upon ( B) to ( C) with ( D) from ( A) because ( B) as if ( C) and ( D) even ( A) succeedingly ( B) eventually ( C) closely ( D) determiningly ( A) source ( B) maker ( C) creator ( D) resources 51 【 C15】 ( A) whom ( B) that ( C) which ( D) who 52 【
27、 C4】 ( A) at home ( B) home ( C) from abroad ( D) abroad 52 After yuppies and dinkies.a new creature from adland stalks the block. The NYLON, an acronym linking New York and London, is a refinement of those more familiar categories such as jet-setters and cosmo-crats(cosmopolitan aristocratsdo keep
28、up). Marketing professionals have noted that【 C1】 _the demise of Concorde, a new class of high-earner increasingly【 C2】_his or her time shuttling【 C3】 _the twin capitals of globalization. And NYLONS prefer their home comforts【 C4】 _tap in both cities. Despite the impressive【 C5】 _of air miles, they
29、are not adventurous people. As【 C6】 _from Tom Wolfes Masters of the Universe of the 1980s .NYLONS have done more than well【 C7】 _the long boom and new economy of the last ten years. They are DJs, chefs, games designers, Internet entrepreneurs, fashionistas, publishers and even a(n)【 C8】_band of jour
30、nalists and writers. They are self-consciously trendy and some are even able to 【 C9】 _houses in both cities. Others will put up【 C10】 _a house in one, and a view【 C11】 _a room in the【 C12】 _. Of course, their horizons do【 C13】 _beyond just New York and London. For many, Los Angeles is an important
31、shopping mall. More significantly for adland, NYLONS provide some useful marketing savings. Campaigns no longer have to differ very much in the two cities,【 C14】 _NYLONS bring them ever closer together. The restaurants are the same, with Nobu now in London and Conran in New York. Many plays【 C15】 _i
32、n both cities at the same time, and DJs shuttle between the two, 【 C16】_the same garage to the same people in【 C17】 _clubs. Time Out and Wallpaper are the magazines of【 C18】 _All this is fine for NYLONS. But not so much【 C19】 _for everybody else watching Notting Hill turn【 C20】 _a pale imitation of
33、Greenwich Village. 53 【 C1】 ( A) regardless of ( B) even though ( C) although ( D) despite 54 【 C2】 ( A) uses ( B) spends ( C) expends ( D) costs 55 【 C3】 ( A) between ( B) among ( C) amid ( D) amongst 56 【 C4】 ( A) at ( B) in ( C) on ( D) above 57 【 C5】 ( A) figure ( B) quantity ( C) number ( D) am
34、ount 58 【 C6】 ( A) distinct ( B) distinctive ( C) discrete ( D) diverse 59 【 C7】 ( A) within ( B) outside ( C) beyond ( D) out of 60 【 C8】 ( A) select ( B) choice ( C) excellent ( D) exquisite 61 【 C9】 ( A) offer ( B) provide ( C) buy ( D) afford 62 【 C10】 ( A) for ( B) with ( C) on ( D) to 63 【 C11
35、】 ( A) in ( B) of ( C) with ( D) upon 64 【 C12】 ( A) other ( B) another ( C) rest ( D) else 65 【 C13】 ( A) enlarge ( B) extend ( C) expand ( D) widen 66 【 C14】 ( A) but ( B) though ( C) as ( D) while 67 【 C15】 ( A) present ( B) display ( C) run ( D) show 68 【 C16】 ( A) performing ( B) playing ( C) p
36、resenting ( D) acting 69 【 C17】 ( A) same ( B) likely ( C) similar ( D) like 70 【 C18】 ( A) choice ( B) pick ( C) selection ( D) preference 71 【 C19】 ( A) fun ( B) funny ( C) amusing ( D) interesting 72 【 C20】 ( A) up ( B) into ( C) in ( D) out 72 Generally, a computer is any device that can perform
37、 numerical calculations. Currently,【 C1】 _, the term usually refers【 C2】 _an electronic device that can【 C3】 _a series of tasks according to a set of instructions. In 1953 there were only about 100 computers【 C4】 _use in the world. Today hundreds of millions of computers are【 C5】 _in homes, schools,
38、 businesses, government offices, and universities for almost every conceivable【 C6】 _. Modern desktop【 C7】 _computers, or PCs, are many times more powerful than the huge, million dollar【 C8】 _computers of the 1960s and 1970s. Most PCs can perform from 400 million to several billion operations per se
39、cond. These computers are used not【 C9】_for household management and personal entertainment, but also for most of the automate【 C10】 _require by small business. The fastest desktop computers are called workstations, and they are generally used for scientific, engineering, or advanced business applic
40、ation. 73 【 C1】 74 【 C2】 75 【 C3】 76 【 C4】 77 【 C5】 78 【 C6】 79 【 C7】 80 【 C8】 81 【 C9】 82 【 C10】 82 An Ohio State University study has linked behavior in young children【 C1】 _the type of job their mother has. Mothers with complex occupations that are self-directed and require working with other peo
41、ple【 C2】 _to have offspring with relatively low levels of behavior problems. The opposite held【 C3】 _when the jobs were routine, closely supervised, and dealt with things, rather than people. “A job that challenges and interests a mother and gives her an opportunity to exercise judgment and solve pr
42、oblems clearly has【 C4】 _consequences for her childrens behavior,“ indicates【 C5】 _professor of sociology Elizabeth Mengaghan. Occupations with more positive conditions include management, sales, and teaching positions. Jobs that may be related to increased child behavior problems include book keepi
43、ng, food service, and【 C6】 _line positions. Women who are supervised closely at work and made to【 C7】 _strict orders may be more likely to use this same style in【 C8】 _their kids. They may emphasize obedience to parental authority and the potential for【 C9】 _punishment. “We believe that the choice o
44、f such a parenting style may increase the【 C10】 _of behavior problems in children.“ On the【 C11】 _hand, mothers whose jobs are less controlled by supervisors and【 C12】_must work closely with other people probably rely less on physical punishment, 【 C13】_encouraging children to think about consequenc
45、es of their actions and【 C14】_responsibility for their behavior. 【 C15】 _an approach encourages youngsters to follow parental demands【 C16】 _they arent being supervised because they have accepted parental values as their own. Moreover, mothers whose jobs dont【 C17】 _constant supervision“【 C18】 _prob
46、lem-solving skills that they can bring to other parts of their life“. The research also found that those who have【 C19】 _challenging and interesting jobs provide better home environments for their children. The mothers give their offspring more intellectual stimulation and emotional support, and thi
47、s, 【 C20】 _turn, is linked to fewer behavior problem. 83 【 C1】 ( A) of ( B) with ( C) in ( D) on 84 【 C2】 ( A) likely ( B) linked ( C) related ( D) tended 85 【 C3】 ( A) true ( B) false ( C) wrong ( D) the same 86 【 C4】 ( A) negative ( B) positive ( C) affirmative ( D) denial 87 【 C5】 ( A) vice ( B)
48、deputy ( C) associate ( D) junior 88 【 C6】 ( A) assembly ( B) assembled ( C) gather ( D) gathering 89 【 C7】 ( A) follow ( B) give ( C) listen ( D) hear 90 【 C8】 ( A) growing ( B) bringing ( C) feeding ( D) raising 91 【 C9】 ( A) mental ( B) psychological ( C) physical ( D) body 92 【 C10】 ( A) frequency ( B) degree ( C) extent ( D) depth 93 【 C11】 ( A) one ( B) other ( C) another ( D) others 94 【 C12】 ( A) whom ( B) whose ( C) who ( D) those 95 【 C13】 ( A) instead ( B) rather than ( C) rather ( D) instead of