1、职称英语（理工类） B级模拟试卷 12及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 He was a very cute boy but now he seems to have no interest in anything. （ A） clever （ B） honest （ C） brave （ D） dull 2 Data from Voyager II have presented astronomers with a puzzle about why
2、our outermost planet exists. （ A） problem （ B） mystery （ C） question （ D） point 3 The film originated from a short story. （ A） resulted （ B） derived （ C） heard （ D） made 4 After supper we usually take a stroll around the park for about an hour. （ A） walk （ B） rest （ C） bath （ D） breath 5 This is a s
3、ubject that has now moved into the political domain. （ A） extent （ B） zone （ C） area （ D） competition 6 She is noted for her generous contribution for the relief of the poor. （ A） charged （ B） accused （ C） famous （ D） responsible 7 He rolled up his trouser leg to exhibit his wounded knee. （ A） sprea
4、d （ B） open （ C） show （ D） examine 8 You startled me when you shouted. （ A） threatened （ B） frightened （ C） interrupted （ D） troubled 9 It is said the houses aidng this street will soon be demolishe/ （ A） pulled down （ B） pulled up （ C） pulled off （ D） pulled in 10 She tried to probe my mind and dis
5、cover what I was thinking. （ A） solved （ B） explored （ C） involved （ D） exploded 11 The parents? have to restrain their daughter from running out into the street. （ A） disallow （ B） reduce （ C） prevent （ D） confine 12 He expressed concern that the ship might be in distress. （ A） despair （ B） difficu
6、lties （ C） need （ D） danger 13 Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake. （ A） shaken （ B） fallen （ C） damaged （ D） trembled 14 Thick clouds obscured the stars from view. （ A） darkened （ B） held （ C） blackened （ D） prevent 15 The river was contaminated with waste. （ A） blackened （ B） poll
7、uted （ C） widened （ D） mixed 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Irradiating Food Irradiating fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administrat
8、ion over the past decade. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products. Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradia
9、ted foods may cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue that more severe government inspection, higher food-safety standard and more careful-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, c
10、ompanies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of. All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label the food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items l
11、ike fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients. Presently, the FDA allows food to be tr
12、eated with three types of radiation - gamma rays (伽马射线 ), high-energy electrons, and X rays - and sets limits on doses, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and
13、 bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their molecular compositions, may require different doses of radiation. 16 Killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is completely approved by the US government. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 A great many f
14、ood processors produce irritated foods. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Many consumers suspect the safety of irradiated foods and suggest the government inspect them severely. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Some companies foresee the bankruptcy of food processing factories.
15、（ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Irradiated fruits and vegetables do not need to be labelled. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Restaurants can serve irradiated food bought directly from distributors without labeling it. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 According to t
16、he passage, FDA approves irradiating food to some extent but irradiated food is not widely accepted. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Face Masks May not Prot
17、ect from Super-flu If a super-flu strikes, face masks may not protect you. Whether widespread use of masks will help, or harm, during the next worldwide flu outbreak is a question that researchers are studying furiously. No results have come from their mask research yet. However, the government says
18、 people should consider wearing them in certain situations anyway, just in case. But its a question the public keeps asking while the government are making preparations for the next flu pandemic. So the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) came up with preliminary guidelines. “We dont wa
19、nt people wearing them everywhere, “ said the CDC. “The overall recommendation really is to avoid exposure. “ When thats not possible, the guidelines say to consider wearing a simple surgical mask if you are in one of the three following situations. First, youre healthy and cant avoid going to a cro
20、wded place. Second, youre sick and think you may have close contract with the healthy, such as a family member checking on you. Third, you live with someone whos sick and thus might be in the early stages of infection, but still need to go out. Influenza (流行性感冒 ) pandemics (全国流行的 ) can strike (打击 )
21、when the easy-to-mutate flu virus shifts to a strain that people never have experience D. Scientists cannot predict when the next pandemic will arrive, although concern is rising that the Asian bird flu might trigger one if it starts spreading easily from person to person. During the flu pandemic, y
22、ou should protect yourself. Avoid crowds, and avoid close contract with the sick unless you must care for someone. Why cant mask added to this self-protection list? Because they help trap virus-laden droplets flying through the air with a cough or sneeze (打喷嚏 ). Simple surgical masks only filter the
23、 larger droplets (小滴 ). Besides, the CDC is afraid? masks may create a false sense of security. Perhaps someone who should have stayed home would don an ill-fitting (不合的 ) mask and hop on the subway instead. Nor does flu only spread through the air. Say someone covers a sneeze with his or her hand,
24、then touches a doorknob or subway pole. If you touch that spot next and then put germy hands on your nose or mouth, youve been exposed. Its harder to rub your nose while wearing a mask and so your face may get pretty sweaty under masks. You reach under to wipe that sweat, and may transfer germs caug
25、ht on the outside of the mask straight to the nose. These are the problems face masks may create for their users. Whether people should or should not use face masks still remains a question. The general public has to wait patiently for the results of the mask research scientists are still doing. A.
26、Reasons for Excluding Masks from the Self-protection List B. Effort to Stop Flu Spreading C. When to Use Face Masks D. Guidelines on Mask Use E. Warnings from the CDC F. Danger of Infection through Germy Hands and Masks 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 5 _ 26 Paragraph 6 _ 26 A. overus
27、e face masks B. deal with the mask problem seriously C. rub their faces and noses in the subway D. protest against the mask guidelines E. help protect people from being attacked by a flu F. announce the results of their mask research 27 The scientists are trying to find out if masks may or may not _
28、. 28 The CDC is afraid that the public may? _. 29 The public will not know the answer about masks until scientists _. 30 We can infer from the passage that the US authorities _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Electronic Teaching The potential of closed-circuit
29、 television and other new electronic teaching tools is so great that it is fascinating to visualize “the school of tomorrow“ Televised lessons will originate from a central building having perhaps four or five master studios. The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an en
30、tire country. After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for the all-important “follow-up“ period. The students will ask any troublesome questions, and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion. The teacher in the classroom will have additional electro
31、nic tools. On the teachers desk, the traditional chalk and erasers will have been replaced by a multiple-control panel and magnetic tape player. The tape machines will run pre-recorded lessons which pupils will follow by headphones. The lessons will be specifically geared to the students levels of a
32、bility. For instance, while the class as a whole studies history, each student will receive an individual history lesson, directed to his particular level of ability. Should question arise, the students will be able to talk directly to the teacher on individual “intercoms“ without disturbing the res
33、t of the class. In this way, the teacher will be able to conduct as many as three classes at the same time. With the rapid development of computer science, students will be aided with specially prepared multimedia software to study their subjects better. Homework will possibly be assigned and handed
34、 in via electronic mail system. Students can even take examinations on their computer linked with the teachers and get the score instantly. They will get certificates or diplomas if they pass all the required examinations. Experts believe that this type of education will be very popular in the years
35、 ahead. 31 In paragraph one, what does “the school of tomorrow“ mean? （ A） The school with a central building. （ B） The school with four or five master studios. （ C） The school with television. （ D） The school with televised lessons and electronic teaching tools. 32 After a televised lesson, which w
36、ill not happen? （ A） The classroom teacher will take over for the all-important “follow-up“ period. （ B） The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire country. （ C） The students will ask any troublesome questions. （ D） Difficult points will be cleared up through disc
37、ussion. 33 In the following statements, which one will not happen in the televised lesson? （ A） The teacher will still have to play an important role. （ B） The chalk and erasers will still be used. （ C） Each student will receive an individual lesson. （ D） The lessons will be specifically geared to t
38、he students levels of ability. 34 What kind of lessons will the students have? （ A） The same lessons. （ B） Individual lessons according to their ability levels. （ C） Individual lessons according to the teachers instruction. （ D） Individual lessons according to their parents instruction. 35 According
39、 to the last paragraph, which one is true? （ A） Homework will be handed in via electronic mail system. （ B） Homework will be not be assigned. （ C） Students never take examinations. （ D） Students get the score after a long time. 35 Listening Device Provides Landslide(山崩；地滑；塌方 )Early Warning A device
40、that provides early warning of a landslide by monitoring vibrations (振动 )in soil is being tested by UK researchers. The device could save thousands of lives each year by warning when an area should be evacuated(疏散，撤走 ), the scientists say. Such natural disasters are common in countries that experien
41、ce sudden, heavy rainfall(降雨，降雨量 ), and can also be triggered by earthquakes and even water erosion(腐蚀，侵蚀 ). Landslides start when a few particles of soil or rock within a slope start to move, but the early stages can be hard to spot. Following this initial movement, “slopes can become unstable in a
42、 matter of hours or minutes, “ says Nell Dixon at Southborough University, UK. He says a warning system that monitors this movement “might be enough to evacuate a block of fiats or clear a road, and save lives. “ The most common way to monitor a slope for signs of an imminent (即将发生的 ) landslide is t
43、o watch for changes in its shape. Surveyors can do this by measuring aside directly, or sensors(传感器 ) sunk into boreholes(钻孔，井眼 )or fixed above ground can be used to monitor the shape of a slope. Slopes can, however, change shape without triggering a landslide, so either method is prone to causing f
44、alse alarms. Now Dixons team has developed a device that listens for the vibrations caused when particles begin moving within a slope. The device takes the form of a steel pipe dropped into a borehole in a slope. The borehole is filled in with gravel(砾，沙砾，砾石 )around the pipe to help transmit high-fr
45、equency vibrations generated by particles within the slope. These vibrations pass up the tube and are picked up by a sensor on the surface. Software analyses the vibration signal to determine whether a landslide may be imminent. The device is currently being tested in a 6-metre-tall artificial clay
46、embankment(堤岸 )in Newcastle, UK. Early results suggest it should provide fewer false positives than existing systems. Once it has been carefully and thoroughly tested, the device could be used to create a complete early-warning system for dangerous slopes. “Locations with a significant risk of lands
47、lides could definitely benefit from a machine like this, “ says Adam Poulter, an expert at the British Red Cross. “As long as it doesnt cost too much, “ But, Poulter adds that an early-warning system may not he enough on its own. “You need to have the human communication, “ he says. “Making systems
48、that get warnings to those who need them can be difficult. “ 36 What does “Such natural disasters“ in the first paragraph refer to? （ A） Sudden, heavy rainfall. （ B） Earthquakes. （ C） Water erosion. （ D） Landslides. 37 Which of the following statements is true of landslides? （ A） The initial movemen
49、t is hard to spot. （ B） They start with a movement of a few particles of soil or rock. （ C） They can be destructive in a matter of hours or minutes. （ D） All of the above. 38 Why do researchers develop a new device to monitor signs of landsides? （ A） Because the new device can measure the site directly. （ B） Because the new device can be sunk into boreholes or fixed above ground. （ C） Because the common methods can cause false alarms. （ D） Because the common methods are useless. 39 Whic
