1、考研英语模拟试卷 115及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 It has been justly said that while “we speak with our vocal organs we (1)_ with our whole bodies,“ All of us communicate with one a
2、nother (2)_, as well as with words. Sometimes we know what were doing, as with the use of gestures such as the thumbs-up sign to indicate that we (3)_ But most of the time were not aware that were doing it. We gesture with eyebrows or a hand, meet someone elses eyes and (4)_. These actions we (5)_ a
3、re random and incidental. But researchers (6)_ that there is a system of them almost as consistent and comprehensible as language, and they conclude that there is a whole (7)_ of body language, (8)_ the way we move, the gestures we employ, the posture we adopt, the facial expression we (9)_, the ext
4、ent to which we touch and the distance we stand (10)_ each other. The body language serves a variety of purposes. Firstly it can replace verbal communication, (11)_ with the use of gesture. Secondly it can modify verbal communication. Loudness and (12)_ of voice is an example here. Thirdly it regula
5、tes social interaction: turn taking is largely governed by non-verbal (13)_. Finally it conveys our emotions and attitudes. This is (14)_ important for successful cross-culture communication. Every culture has its own body language, and children absorb its nuances (15)_ with spoken language. The way
6、 an Englishman crosses his legs is (16)_ like the way a male American does it. When we communicate with people from other cultures, the body language sometimes help make the communication easy and (17)_, such as shaking hand is such a (18)_ gesture that people all over the world know that it is a si
7、gnal for greeting. But sometimes the body language can cause certain misunderstanding (19)_ people of different cultures often have different forms behavior for sending the same message or have different (20)_ towards the same body signals. （ A） address （ B） reverse （ C） converse （ D） confer （ A） ve
8、rbally （ B） nonverbally （ C） vocally （ D） unvocally （ A） refuse （ B） approve （ C） suspect （ D） alert （ A） look up （ B） look down （ C） look away （ D） lo0k back （ A） resume （ B） assume （ C） presume （ D） consume （ A） have discovered （ B） have invented （ C） pointed out （ D） have revealed （ A） level （ B）
9、 extent （ C） group （ D） range （ A） included （ B） including （ C） include （ D） inclusive （ A） wear （ B） put on （ C） bring （ D） hold （ A） to （ B） between （ C） within （ D） from （ A） as if （ B） as （ C） when （ D） like （ A） pitch （ B） tone （ C） frequency （ D） volume （ A） signs （ B） gestures （ C） movements
10、（ D） signals （ A） specifically （ B） specially （ C） particularly （ D） equally （ A） also （ B） along （ C） besides （ D） alone （ A） nothing （ B） something （ C） anything （ D） none （ A） efficient （ B） affective （ C） effective （ D） effectual （ A） unusual （ B） unique （ C） ordinary （ D） universal （ A） hence （
11、 B） since （ C） thus （ D） and （ A） interpretations （ B） implicative （ C） understanding （ D） implications Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 Ruth Lawrence, aged ten, made history yesterday when she came a clea
12、r first out of the 530 candidates who took the entrance exam for St. Hughs College, Oxford. The all womans college is likely to offer her a scholarship. Ruth sat three in three-hour papersAlgebra and Geometry; Calculus, Probability and Statistics; and Maths, Pure and Applied. “I was happy with the f
13、irst two,“ she said yesterday, “but I wasnt sure about the third.“ Ruth who lives in Huddersfield, has never been to school. Her father, Harry Lawrence, a computer consultant, gave up his job when Ruth was five to educate her at home. Her mother, Sylvia, who also works in computers, is the family br
14、eadwinner. Harry Lawrence explained that, besides mathematics, Ruth also enjoyed English, History, Geography, and other subjects. She began to read four and started academic subjects at five. “We did not start off with the thought that she would not go to school,“ he said, “but we enjoyed at teachin
15、g her so much and we seemed to be making quite a good job of it, so we just carried on.“ Because she does not go to school, Ruth has not mixed much with other children. “She enjoys serious conversation with adults,“ her father said, “and I dont think she will feel out of place at Oxford.“ He does no
16、t think she works harder than other children of her age, but he concentrates on what she enjoys, principally mathematics. “She watches television a little but not as a habit,“ he explained, “but she plays the piano and has quite a wide range of interests.“ If she does well at St. Hughs, Ruth expects
17、 to take a further degree and eventually hopes to become a research professor in mathematics-an ambition she may achieve while still in her teens. The Lawrence family plans to move to Oxford when Ruth enters the college in October 1991.Before then, she plans to take four A levels to satisfy the coll
18、ege matriculation requirements. Miss Rachel Trickett, the principal of St. Hughs, said last night. “We are all very excited about Ruth. She is obviously quite brilliant and has shown genuine originality.“ Ruths future tutor, Dr. Glenys Luke, admits that taking so young a student is challenging but s
19、ays it is one she expects to enjoy. “I shall tailor the teaching to her requirements“ she said. Ruth shouldnt have to suffer the same tensions and disappointments that older students faced. I hope I shall make it fun for her.“ Last night the Lawrence family were pleased at Ruths achievement. “We all
20、 jumped up and down a bit when we heard the good hens“, said Harry Lawrence. When Ruth becomes a student, Harry Lawrence looks forward to concentrating his efforts on Ruths younger sister Rebecca, who is now seven. “She is doing very well,“ he said, “but its too early to tell whether she is a mathem
21、atician.“ 21 Which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） St. Hughs College accepts only girl students. （ B） Ruth didnt do well in the third exam. （ C） From the beginning, Ruths parents decided to educate her at home instead of sending her to school. （ D） Ruth works harder than other students. 22
22、 How many members are there in Ruths family? （ A） Three. （ B） Four. （ C） Five. （ D） Six. 23 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “feel out of place“? （ A） Feel far behind others. （ B） Feel uneasy. （ C） Feel lovely. （ D） Feel not accustomed to the place. 24 From what Dr. Gleys L
23、uke says, we may guess _. （ A） that some older students have had some problems in their studies （ B） that she will tailor the teaching to her requirements （ C） that she doesnt want to teach such a student as Ruth （ D） that she will treat Ruth exactly the same as others 25 The best title for this pas
24、sage would be _. （ A） How Ruth Made History at Oxford （ B） One Can Do Well in Study without Going to School （ C） How Ruth Became a Mathematician （ D） Study Is Fun 26 Isaac Newton was not a pleasant man. His relations with other academics were notorious, with most of his later life spent embroiled in
25、 heated disputes. Following publication of Principia Mathematica surely the most influential book ever written in physics Newton had risen rapidly into public prominence. He was appointed president of the Royal Society and became the first scientist ever to be knighted. Newton soon clashed with the
26、Astronomer Royal, John Flamsteed, who had earlier provided Newton with much needed data for Principia, but was now withholding information that Newton wanted. Newton would not take no for an answer; he had himself appointed to the governing body of the Royal Observatory and then tried to force immed
27、iate publication of the data. Eventually he arranged for Flamsteeds work to he seized and prepared for publication by Flamsteeds mortal enemy, Edmond Halley. But Flamsteed took the case to court, in the nick of time, and won a court order preventing distribution to the stolen work. Newton was incens
28、ed and sought his revenge by systematically deleting all reference to Flamsteed in later editions 9f Principia. A more serious dispute arose with the German philosopher Gottfried Leibniz. Both Leibniz and Newton had independently developed a branch of mathematics called calculus, which underlies mos
29、t of modern physics. Although we now know that Newton discovered calculus years before Leibniz, he published his work much later. A major row ensued over who had been first, with scientist vigorously defending both contenders. It is remarkable, however, that most of the articles appearing in defense
30、 of Newton were originally written by his own hand and only published in the name of friends! As the row grew, Leibniz made the mistake of appealing to the Royal Society to resolve the dispute. Newton, as president, appointed an “impartial“ committee to investigate, coincidentally consisting entirel
31、y of Newtons friends! But that was not all: Newton then wrote the committees report himself and had the Royal Society publish it, officially accusing Leibniz of plagiarism. Still unsatisfied, he then wrote an anonymous review of the report in the Royal Societys own periodical. Following the death of
32、 Leibniz, Newton is reported to have declared that he had taken great satisfaction in “breaking Leibnizs heart. During the period of these two disputes, Newton had already left Cambridge and academe. He had been active in anti-Catholic politics at Cambridge, and later in Parliament, and was rewarded
33、 eventually with the lucrative pest of Warden of the Royal Mint. Here he used his talents for deviousness and vitriol in a more socially acceptable way, successfully conducting a major campaign against counterfeiting, even sending several men to their death on the gallows. 26 Which of the following
34、statements is NOT true about Isaac Newton? （ A） Newton was the first scientist ever to be knighted. （ B） Newton was ever involved in heated clashes with other academics. （ C） Edmond Halley stood against Newton in his clash with Flamsteed. （ D） Newton had been active in anti-Catholic politics at Camb
35、ridge. 27 The sentence “Newton would not take no for an answer“ probably means _. （ A） Newton didnt understand why Flamsteed did so （ B） Newton cared little about what Flamsteed did （ C） Newton could do nothing without the information （ D） Newton would not accept the refusal of Flamsteed 28 Newton t
36、ook his revenge on Flamsteed _. （ A） by canceling all reference to him in later edition of Principia （ B） by taking the case to court （ C） by depriving him of his post at the Royal Observatory （ D） by breaking relations with him 29 The writer seems to think Leibniz lost largely because _. （ A） Newto
37、n discovered calculus years before him （ B） all the scientists supported Newton instead of him （ C） Newton was vocally talented （ D） he put the dispute to the Royal Society 30 What can be inferred from the passage? （ A） Isaac Newton was not a pleasant man. （ B） Principia Mathematioa is surely the mo
38、st influential book ever written in physics. （ C） The Royal Society consisted entirely of Newtons friends. （ D） Newton had a deep hatred for Leibniz. 31 When you are small, all ambitions fall into one grand category: when Im grown up. When Im grown up, you say, Ill go up in space. Im going to be an
39、author. Ill kill them all and then theyll be sorry. Ill be married in a cathedral with sixteen bridesmaids in pink lace. Ill have a puppy of my own and no one will be able to take him away. None of it ever happens, of course or darn little, but the fantasies give you the idea that there is something
40、 to grow up for. Indeed one of the saddest things about gilded adolescence is the feeling that from eighteen on, its all downhill; I read with horror of an American hip pie wedding where someone said to the groom(aged twenty) “you seem so kind a grown up somehow“, and the lad had to go round seeking
41、 assurance that he wasnt. No, really he wasnt. A determination to be better adults than the present incumbents is fine, but to refuse to grow up at all is just plain unrealism. When my children are grown up, Ill learn to fly an airplane. I will career round the sky, knowing that if I do “go pop“, th
42、ere will be no little ones to suffer shock and maladjustment; that even if the worst does come to the worst, I will at least dodge the geriatric ward and all that look for your glasses in order to see where youve left your teeth. When my children are grown up, Ill have fragile lovely things on low t
43、ables; Ill have a white carpet; Ill go to the pictures in the afternoons. When the children are grown up, Ill actually be able to do a days work in a flay, instead of spreading over three, and go away for a weekend without planning as if for a trip to the Moon. When Im grown up I mean when theyre gr
44、own up Ill be free. Of course, I know its got to get worse before it gets better. Twelve-year-old, Im told, dont go to bed at seven, so you dont even get your evening. Once theyre past ten you have to start worrying about their friends instead of simply shooting the intruders off the doorstep, and t
45、o settle down to a steady ten years of criticism of everything youve ever thought or done or won. Boys, it seems, may be less of a trial than girls, since they cant get pregnant and they dont borrow your clothes if they do borrow your clothes, of course, youve got even more to worry about. The young
46、 dont respect their parents any more. Goodness, how sad. Still, like eating snails, it might be all right once youve got over the idea; it might let us off having to bother quite so much with them when the time comes. But one is simply not going to be able to drone away ones days, toothless by the f
47、ire, brooding on the past. 31 What interests the writer about young children is that they _. （ A） have so many unselfish ambitions （ B） dont want to be a spaceman （ C） all long for adult comforts （ D） have such long term ambitions 32 The writer holds the opinion that fantasies _. （ A） satisfy ambiti
48、ons （ B） lessen ambitions （ C） stimulate ambitions （ D） frustrate ambitions 33 Young people often feels that the age of eighteen is the _. （ A） best time of life （ B） right age to get married （ C） hardest part of life （ D） gateway to happiness 34 The writer seems to think that as an adult one must _
49、. （ A） achieve ones ambitions at all costs （ B） continue to be ambitious （ C） find a compromise between ambition and reality （ D） give up all ones earlier ambitions 35 What do the writer think about his or her children? （ A） Their behavior is improving. （ B） They dont spend enough time at home. （ C） They are approaching a difficult age. （ D） They are choosing strange friends. 36 Do anima
