1、考研英语模拟试卷 142及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 A controversial decision on whether choice cuts of steak and cartons of milk produced from cloned animals are suitable for the dinn
2、er table is now long overdue. Hundreds of pigs, cows and other animals created with the help of cloning are living (1)_ farms across the United States and (2)_ the forthcoming ruling will directly (3)_ American consumers, British holidaymakers may also (4)_ themselves at the forefront of a food revo
3、lution that many commentators expect will (5)_ arrive here. (6)_ the birth of Dolly the sheep the first mammal cloned from an adult cellthere were extreme predictions of herds of genetically (7)_ bulls and pastures (8)_ with cloned dairy cows. That double (9)_ of the past decade has not yet been rea
4、lized (10)_ clones have become a familiar sight at agricultural fairs in America, where producers of (11)_ pigs and cattle have been among the first to (12)_ cloning, which offers a way to keep (13)_ traits without inbreeding problems caused by traditional methods. Clones of rare and elite animals,
5、including sheep, goats, and rabbits, (14)_ a way to improve animal healthy, (15)_ the nutritional value of meat and milk, and breed animals immune (16)_ diseases or better suited for developing countries. The safety of cloned (17)_ has been under examination by various bodies. Three years ago the US
6、 National Academy of Science concluded that (18)_ available data indicated that cloning met animal welfare and food safety considerations, more information was needed. (19)_ scientific evidence suggests that there is little (20)_ for alarm, at least on food-safety grounds. （ A） at （ B） within （ C） o
7、n （ D） in （ A） since （ B） although （ C） as （ D） therefore （ A） touch （ B） move （ C） impress （ D） affect （ A） find （ B） think （ C） take （ D） pat （ A） eventually （ B） accidentally （ C） occasionally （ D） promptly （ A） In advance of （ B） At a time （ C） In the wake of （ D） For reasons of （ A） identical （
8、 B） alike （ C） duplicate （ D） similar （ A） covered （ B） marked （ C） dotted （ D） scattered （ A） wisdom （ B） foresight （ C） illusion （ D） vision （ A） until （ B） unless （ C） then （ D） but （ A） original （ B） primitive （ C） prime （ D） primary （ A） embrace （ B） surround （ C） enclose （ D） adopt （ A） numero
9、us （ B） extreme （ C） desirable （ D） reconstructive （ A） propose （ B） offer （ C） exhibit （ D） present （ A） as to （ B） instead of （ C） except for （ D） along with （ A） to （ B） for （ C） at （ D） towards （ A） product （ B） production （ C） produce （ D） productivity （ A） as （ B） when （ C） while （ D） if （ A）
10、Gaining （ B） Mounting （ C） Ascending （ D） succeeding （ A） reason （ B） occasion （ C） account （ D） cause Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before
11、 anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosi
12、ty. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches.
13、Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it. At the same time p
14、eople on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea. Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added. She found it so pleasant that she would never again drink it without mil
15、k, because she was such a great lady, her friends thought they must copy everything she did, so they also drank their tea with milk in it. Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only very few Britons drink tea without milk. At first, tea was usually drunk after dinner in the eve
16、ning. No one ever thought of drinking tea in the afternoon until a duchess found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or four o clock stopped her getting “a sinking feeling“ as she called it. She invited her friends to have this new meal with her and so, tea-time was born. 21 Which of the
17、following is true of the introduction of tea into Britain? （ A） The Britons got expensive tea from India. （ B） Tea reached Britain from Holland. （ C） The Britons were the first people in Europe who drank tea. （ D） It was not until the 17th century that the Britons had tea. 22 This passage mainly dis
18、cusses _. （ A） the history of tea drinking in Britain （ B） how tea became a popular drink in Britain （ C） how the Britons got the habit of drinking tea （ D） how tea-time was born 23 Tea became a popular drink in Britain _. （ A） in eighteenth century （ B） in sixteenth century （ C） in seventeenth cent
19、ury （ D） in the late seventeenth century 24 People in Europe began to drink tea with milk because _. （ A） it tasted like milk （ B） it tasted more pleasant （ C） it became a popular drink （ D） Madame de Sevigne was such a lady with great social influence that people tried to copy the way she drank tea
20、 25 We may infer from the passage that the habit of drinking tea in Britain was mostly due to the influence of _. （ A） a famous French lady （ B） the ancient Chinese （ C） the upper social class （ D） people in Holland 26 A mysterious “black cloud“ approaches the earth our planets weather is severely a
21、ffected. Throughout the rest of June and July temperatures rose steadily all over the Earth. In the British Isles the temperature climbed through the eighties, into the nineties, and moved towards the hundred marks. People complained, but there was no serious disaster. The death number in the U.S. r
22、emained quite small, thanks largely to the air-conditioning units that had been fitted during previous years and months. Temperatures rose to the limit of human endurance throughout the whole country and people were obliged to remain indoors for weeks on end. Occasionally air-conditioning units fail
23、ed and it was then that fatalities occurred. Conditions were utterly desperate throughout the tropics as may be judged from the fact that 7943 species of plants and animals became totally extinct. The survival of man himself was only possible because of the caves and cellars he was able to dig. Noth
24、ing could be done to reduce the hot air temperature. More than seven hundred million persons are known to have lost their lives. Eventually the temperature of the surface waters of the sea rose, not so fast as the air temperature, it is true, but fast enough to produce a dangerous increase of humidi
25、ty. It was indeed this increase that produced the disastrous conditions just remarked. Millions of people between the latitudes of Cairo and the Cape of Good Hope were subjected to a choking atmosphere that grew damper and hotter from day to day. All human movements ceased. There was nothing to be d
26、one but to lie breathing quickly as a dog does in hot weather. By the fourth week of July conditions in the tropics lay balanced between life and total death. Then quite suddenly rain clouds appeared over the whole globe. The temperature declined a little, due no doubt to the clouds reflecting more
27、of the suns radiation back into space, but conditions could not be said to have improved. Warm rain fell everywhere, even as favorable as Iceland. The insect population increased enormously, since the burning hot atmosphere was as favorable to them as it was unfavorable to man and many other animals
28、. 26 In the British Isles the temperature _. （ A） stayed at eighty （ B） ranged from eighty to ninety （ C） approached one hundred （ D） exceeded the hundred mark 27 Few people in the United States lost their lives because _. （ A） the temperature was tolerable （ B） people remained indoors for weeks （ C
29、） the government had taken effective measures to reduce the hot temperature （ D） people were provided with the most comfortable air-conditioners 28 Millions of people in Cairo and the Cape of Good Hope were subjected to a choking atmosphere because _. （ A） the temperature grew extremely hot （ B） the
30、 temperature became damper and hotter as the humidity of the surface waters of the sea increased （ C） their conditions were too dangerous （ D） nothing could be done with the hot temperature 29 By the fourth week of July conditions in the tropics were such that _. （ A） human survival would be impossi
31、ble （ B） more and more people would lose their lives （ C） fewer people could be saved （ D） survival or death was still undecided 30 The insect population increased due to _. （ A） the hot air （ B） the tropical climate （ C） the rain clouds （ D） the damp atmosphere 31 In a family where the roles of men
32、 and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing
33、boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes“. If the process goes too far and mans role is regarded as less important and that has happened in
34、 some cases we are as badly of as before, only in reverse. It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “momism“(母系崇拜 ), but we dont want to exchange it for a “neo-popism(新父系崇拜 )。 “ What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up child
35、ren involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, mad specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit or all the blame. We have almost given up saying
36、 that a womans place is the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze mens place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy, development of the child. The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, bec
37、ause each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems. Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is connected not only with a healthy democracy, but also with a healthy fam
38、ily. 31 From the passage we know that the author is very concerned with the role that _. （ A） parents play in bringing up their children （ B） men play in a family （ C） women play in a family （ D） equality plays in a family 32 The author means to tell us that _. （ A） a mans place is in the home （ B）
39、a womans place is in the home （ C） a woman should be equal to a man （ D） a man should have an equal share in family matters 33 According to the author, a healthy family should be based on _. （ A） cooperation （ B） momism （ C） authoritarianism （ D） neo-popism 34 Who will benefit most from a family pat
40、tern of sharing in tasks and decisions? （ A） The children. （ B） The man. （ C） The woman. （ D） The psychnlogist. 35 We may safely conclude from the passage that _. （ A） male superiority maintains a healthy family （ B） authority and democracy are very essential to a healthy family （ C） authoritarianis
41、m does no good to a healthy family （ D） women should be equal to men 36 I dont think there is anything wrong with your blood. The key to your problem is that long nap after dinner. If you didnt sleep for hours during the early part of the evening, you would be more ready to sleep at bedtime. If you
42、didnt nap after dinner, you would not want to stay up so late, and you would not feel the need to take a sleeping pill. The pill is still working in your system when you get up in the morning. This helps account for the fact that you feel tired all day. You should get out of the habit of sleeping du
43、ring the evening. Right after your evening meal, engage in some sort of physical activity a sport such as bowling, perhaps. Or get together with friends for an evening of cards and conversation. Then go to bed at your usual time or a little earlier, and you should be able to get a good nights rest w
44、ithout taking a pill. If you can get into the habit of spending your evenings this way, I am sure you will feel less tired during the day. At first it may be hard for you to go to sleep without taking a pill. If so, get up and watch television or do some jobs around your house until you feel sleepy.
45、 If you fall asleep and then wake up a few hours later, get up but do net take a sleeping pill. Read a while or listen to the radio, and make yourself a few hours sleep that night, you will feel better in the morning than you usually feel after taking a pill. The next night you will be ready to slee
46、p at an earlier hour. The most important thing is to avoid taking that nap right after dinner and avoid taking pills. 36 According to the writer, it is difficult for you to go to sleep if _. （ A） you get the habit of staying up late （ B） you havent taken sleeping pills （ C） you sleep for hours after
47、 dinner （ D） you fail to do some exercises 37 Which of the following is NOT true if you want to get out of the habit of sleeping during the evening? （ A） Go to bed earlier than usual. （ B） Talk with friends after dinner. （ C） Stay with friends after dinner. （ D） Do some mental work. 38 You feel tire
48、d all day probably because _. （ A） you stay up too late （ B） you get up too early in the morning （ C） you take sleeping pills （ D） you wake up too frequently at night 39 Which of the following is true according to the passage? （ A） You mustnt take sleeping pills in order to get a good nights sleep.
49、（ B） You should stay up if you want to sleep effectively. （ C） Food is necessary at night if you fail to go to sleep. （ D） It is very important to get out of the habit of taking a nap after dinner. 40 We may infer that the author is most probably a _. （ A） doctor （ B） scientist （ C） reporter （ D） professor Part B (10 points) 41 In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45
