1、考研英语模拟试卷 21及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is (1)_ only among those with whom he i
2、s acquainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, (2)_ embarrassed. You have to take a commuter train any morning or evening to (3)_ the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so wo
3、uld be considered quite offensive. (4)_, there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, (5)_ broken, makes the offender immediately the object of (6)_. It has been known as a fact that a British has a (7)_ for the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will
4、 talk about it (8)_. Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom (9)_ forecast and hence becomes a source of interest and (10)_ to everyone. This may be so. (11)_ a British cannot have much (12)_ in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, a
5、re often proved wrong (13)_ a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate or as inaccurate as the weathermen in his (14)_. Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references (15)_ weather that the British make to each other in the
6、 course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are (16)_ by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isnt it?“ “Beautiful!“ may well be heard instead of “Good morning, how are you?“ (17)_ the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be u
7、sed to his advantage. (18)_ he wants to start a conversation with a British but is (19)_ to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will (20)_ an answer from even the most reserved of the British. （ A） relaxed （ B） frustrated （ C） amused
8、（ D） exhausted （ A） yet （ B） otherwise （ C） even （ D） so （ A） experience （ B） witness （ C） watch （ D） undergo （ A） Deliberately （ B） Consequently （ C） Frequently （ D） Apparently （ A） unless （ B） once （ C） while （ D） as （ A） suspicion （ B） opposition （ C） criticism （ D） praise （ A） emotion （ B） fancy
9、 （ C） likeness （ D） judgment （ A） at length （ B） to a great extent （ C） from his heart （ D） by all means （ A） follows （ B） predicts （ C） defies （ D） supports （ A） dedication （ B） compassion （ C） contemplation （ D） speculation （ A） Still （ B） Also （ C） Certainly （ D） Fundamentally （ A） faith （ B） rel
10、iance （ C） honor （ D） credit （ A） if （ B） once （ C） when （ D） whereas （ A） propositions （ B） predictions （ C） approval （ D） defiance （ A） about （ B） on （ C） in （ D） to （ A） started （ B） conducted （ C） replaced （ D） proposed （ A） Since （ B） Although （ C） However （ D） Only if （ A） Even if （ B） Because
11、 （ C） If （ D） For （ A） at a loss （ B） at last （ C） in group （ D） on the occasion （ A） stimulate （ B） constitute （ C） furnish （ D） provoke Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 Some people talk about immigration
12、 in terms of politics, some in terms of history. But the core of the matter is numbers. The Labor Department says that immigrants make up about 15 percent of the work force. Its estimated that a third of those are undocumented workers. The Pew Hispanic Center estimates that one in four farmhands in
13、the United States is an undocumented immigrant, and that they make up a significant portion of the people who build our houses, clean our office buildings and prepare our food. America has become a nation dependent on the presence of newcomers, both those with green cards and those without. Business
14、 leaders say agriculture, construction, meatpacking and other industries would collapse without them. Sure, it would be great if everyone were here legally, if the immigration service werent such a disaster that getting a green card is a lifes work. It would be great if other nations had economies r
15、obust enough to support their citizens so leaving home wasnt the only answer. But at a certain point public policy means dealing not only with how things ought to be but with how they are. Heres how they are: these people work the jobs we dont want, sometimes two and three jobs at a time. They do it
16、 on the cheap, which is tough, so that their children wont have to, which is good. They use services like hospitals and schools, which is a drain on public coffers, and they pay taxes, which contribute to them. Immigration is never about today, always about tomorrow, an exercise in that thing some n
17、ative-born Americans seem to have lost the knack for: deferred gratification. Its the educated man who arrived in the Washington D.C., area and took a job doing landscaping, then found work as a painter, then was hired to fix up an entire apartment complex by someone who liked his work ethic. He sta
18、rted his own business and wound up employing others. Does it matter that he arrived in this country with no work visa if he is now supporting the nations economy? If any towns, whose aging populations were on the wane before the immigrants arrived, succeed in driving newcomers away, those who remain
19、 will find themselves surrounded by empty storefronts, deserted restaurants and houses that will not sell. Its the civic equivalent of starving to death because you dont care for the food. But at least everyone involved can tell themselves their town wasted away while they were speaking English. 21
20、It is estimated that _ of US workforce is made up of undocumented immigrants. （ A） 15 percent （ B） one third （ C） 4.5 percent （ D） one in four 22 What is the image of undocumented immigrants in the authors opinion? （ A） illegal and need to be sent back to where theyre from. （ B） essential to the con
21、struction of US economy. （ C） encouraged to work illegally in US. （ D） enjoying the public services without contributing to them. 23 According to the text, if all the newcomers are driven away from a city, it would be possible that _ （ A） the economy would be more prosperous because of convenience o
22、f management. （ B） house lease industry may decline due to lack of customers. （ C） people in the city may starve to death. （ D） everyone will involve in the process and cheer for it. 24 In the authors opinion, why do undocumented immigrants straggle for life? （ A） provide services to US citizens. （
23、B） do those the US citizens dont want to do. （ C） enable their own country be robust enough to support themselves. （ D） make their children to be legal citizens of the US. 25 The example of the young man in Washington D.C. has shown that _ （ A） all the illegal immigrants can be successful. （ B） it d
24、oesnt matter whether an immigrant is legal if he can contribute to the country. （ C） only educated immigrants can support the development of US economy. （ D） a work visa is necessary for foreigners to get a job in the US. 26 Psychotherapy for as long as nine months is significantly more effective th
25、an short-term treatment for alleviating depression associated with bipolar disease, new research suggests. The drugs used to treat depression are of limited use in treating the repeating depressive episodes of bipolar illness, according to background information in the article, published last week i
26、n The Archives of General Psychiatry. The researchers studied 293 patients with bipolar disease at 15 medical centers nationwide. They randomly assigned one group of 163 people to one of three kinds of psychotherapy consisting of up to 30 50-minute sessions over nine months. A second group of 130 pa
27、tients was assigned to “collaborative care“, three sessions over six weeks designed to offer a brief version of the most common psychological and behavioral strategies shown to be beneficial in bipolar illness. The participants, whose average age was 40, were followed for one year, and all were also
28、 being treated with mood-stabilizing medicines. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on challenging and controlling negative thoughts. In interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, patients concentrate on stabilizing daily routines and resolving interpersonal problems. Family therapy engages family me
29、mbers to help solve problems related to the illness, like failing to take medication properly, and to reduce the number of negative family interactions. Therapists at each of the 15 medical centers received brief training in the therapies they administered. “The study included real-world patients ex
30、periencing the early phases of a depressive episode“, said David J. Miklowitz, the studys lead author. “And the therapists who delivered the treatment were trained by experts in the field with low-intensity training, which is typical of whats available in real-life practice“. Recovery rates after on
31、e year were a combined average of 64 percent for the intensive therapy groups, but only 52 percent for those who had brief therapy. In any given month, a patient undergoing longer-term therapy was more than one and a half times as likely to be well as one who had short-term treatment. Family therapy
32、 was slightly more effective than interpersonal or cognitive behavioral therapy, but the differences among the types of intensive treatment were not statistically significant. “This is a monumental study“, said a professor of psychiatry who was not involved in the work. “There are no pharmaceutical
33、companies willing to pay for research in psychotherapy, so we dont have many clinical trials“. But, she added: “Psychosocial treatment for bipolar illness is not an alternative to medication. Its a supplement“. The cost of long-term therapy is high, and insurance companies are reluctant to cover it.
34、 But according to the professor, the cost of not covering it could be higher. “It isnt just the cost of the therapy. Its the long-term cost. Bipolar illness has devastating effects on families as well as on the patients themselves“. 26 The word “bipolar“ (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means _ （
35、 A） a disease that is the same as depression. （ B） a disease that demonstrates alternative depression and its opposite. （ C） a disease that can be cured purely by psychotherapy. （ D） a disease that may be cured by medicine used for depression. 27 It has been found in the research that _ are more lik
36、ely to be well. （ A） patients with intensive psychotherapy treatment for 9 months. （ B） patients undertaken brief psychotherapy courses. （ C） patients with the help of family to take medicine. （ D） patients taken medicine regularly without psychotherapy treatment. 28 The most prevailing types of psy
37、chotherapy dont include _ （ A） collaborative care therapy. （ B） cognitive behavioral therapy. （ C） interpersonal therapy. （ D） family therapy. 29 According to the text, the study is considered as monumental in that _ （ A） psychotherapy researches cannot get fund from pharmaceutical companies （ B） ps
38、ychosocial treatment for bipolar illness is a supplement （ C） clinical studies on psychotherapy are rare and precious （ D） the finding of the research has overthrown belief in the past 30 It is better for insurance companies to cover the cost of long-term therapy because （ A） the cost of the long-te
39、rm therapy is high. （ B） bipolar illness is very costly. （ C） the adverse effects of bipolar illness are higher. （ D） long-term insurance is beneficial. 31 A curious election will take place in St Louis on April 3rd. Seven candidates will compete for two seats on the citys school board. The polls wi
40、ll open at 6 a.m. and stay open until 7 p.m. Staffing the polling stations and counting the electronic ballots will cost taxpayers at least $260,000. Two happy candidates will celebrate and take office just in time to have the state of Missouri complete the takeover of the districts schools and give
41、 them and the other board members nothing to do for several years. This election to nothing comes after years of falling test scores, revolving superintendents, screaming matches between board members at public meetings and a growing dissatisfaction with every aspect of public education. The state b
42、oard of education voted on March 22nd to take over the school district, effective in mid-June. Some prominent figures endorsed this course, including the mayor of St Louis, and even some members of the St Louis school board. Others in the city, though, are deeply opposed and ready to fight about it.
43、 Although the city schools overall have an amply deserved reputation for low standards, there are some good schools and many good students. The best students have the most to lose, fearing that the turmoil could damage their chances of getting into good universities. When the state education board v
44、oted on the takeover, a group of angry students, teachers and other members of the public tried to disrupt the meeting. Protesters are still trying to use the courts to stop the action, and the teachers union has threatened a strike. Under Missouri law the citys schools will now be placed under a th
45、ree-member board appointed by the governor, the mayor and the president of the board of aldermen. Governor Matt Blunts choice of Rick Sullivan, the head of a building firm, has already been attacked because of Mr. Sullivans lack of experience in education and because he lives in one of the wealthies
46、t suburbs outside the city. Mr. Sullivan and the other members, who have yet to be appointed, have an almost impossible task before them. The district, which in the past five years has turned a $52m surplus into a $24.5m deficit, has already closed schools, cut services and squeezed spending hard. B
47、ut as its critics point out, the elected school board still found plenty of money for tours and public relations. The trickle of voters turning out for the pointless board election will pass banners celebrating the new season of the world baseball champions. St Louis has made huge progress in attrac
48、ting a new generation of young professionals to its downtown area, building new business developments and installing new infrastructure. The great failure in its schools puts all that in danger. 31 The word “curious“ (Line 1, Paragraph 1) most probably implies that _ （ A） the election is very eager
49、to understand the unknown world. （ B） the election is extremely careful and significant. （ C） the election is strange for its expensive cost and pointless result: （ D） the election is held by children who are curious of the world. 32 Which of the following is the most result of winners of the election? （ A） reverse the tendency of declination of education in St. Louis. （ B） do nothing that can improve the current circumstances in St.
