1、考研英语模拟试卷 92及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Most people hate rock music. While I am not an (1)_ or biased person by nature, two (2)_ and striking personal experiences of rock m
2、usic (3)_ the past two weeks have persuaded me that it has become a duty for those of us with enough common (4)_ to see its potential dangers to point them out. My first experience perhaps a (5)_ one, but highly symptomatic was the realization that if I spoke to my teenage son when he was listening
3、to rock music through headphones, he replied in an (6)_ loud voice, as if there was something wrong with his hearing. The second (7)_ when I went with him to a “concert“ and witnessed for myself what these affairs are like. (8)_ I went to that concert, my first and assuredly my last, I had always (9
4、)_ the “live-and-let-live“ attitude that rock music was simply not my (10)_ but that other people had every fight to enjoy it if it was theirs. But what I saw and heard (11)_ me that we are allowing something very powerful to take (12)_ of the younger generation today. (13)_, I noticed such collecti
5、ve madness, brought about by the noise (14)_. But secondly, and far more dangerously, I observed that after a time everyone was (15)_ by the noise, and gave up his/her individuality. In the end I was in the middle of a (16)_ crowd who clapped and stamped and (17)_ around like monkeys. It was the mos
6、t degrading human spectacle (18)_ I have ever had the (19)_ to witness, and I seriously believe that in time to come our present younger generation would thank us if we managed to put a (20)_ to it now. （ A） uncomfortable （ B） unusual （ C） unreasonable （ D） unreliable （ A） lifeless （ B） vivid （ C） e
7、nergetic （ D） lively （ A） for （ B） from （ C） along （ D） during （ A） sense （ B） knowledge （ C） idea （ D） feeling （ A） major （ B） minor （ C） main （ D） subordinate （ A） unreasonably （ B） unattractively （ C） unfairly （ D） unnaturally （ A） experienced （ B） frustrated （ C） occurred （ D） encountered （ A） T
8、ill （ B） Though （ C） Unless （ D） While （ A） adapted （ B） adopted （ C） adjusted （ D） admired （ A） belief （ B） desire （ C） appetite （ D） taste （ A） convinced （ B） persuaded （ C） reassured （ D） proved （ A） possession （ B） notice （ C） care （ D） place （ A） In the first Place （ B） On the one hand （ C） For
9、 one thing （ D） All in all （ A） standard （ B） level （ C） pollution （ D） grade （ A） carried out （ B） carried off （ C） carded along （ D） carded on （ A） faceless （ B） notorious （ C） modest （ D） arrogant （ A） sprang （ B） skipped （ C） jumped （ D） hopped （ A） as （ B） what （ C） where （ D） that （ A） fortune
10、 （ B） luck （ C） misfortune （ D） hardship （ A） stop （ B） hand （ C） deed （ D） word Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 At an office in Hampton, Virginia, in the east of the United States, a team of ten net savv
11、y workers sources the web for sexual content, from basic sex education to sex acts. This “quality assurance“ team is making sure that the blocking component of Symantecs Norton Internet Security 2000 computer program remains effective. This is because there is widespread parental concern about block
12、ing websites with sexual content from children. Website blocking is nothing new services like Net Nanny and programs like Cyber Patrol and Guard Dog have been around for a few years now, protecting children and reassuring parents that only wholesome websites are accessed by the youngsters. Net Nanny
13、 and Cyber Patrol will prevent access to any questionable sites when the program is in place, Now Symantec says it has created a new category in consumer software with a package that combines website blocking with a “firewall“, protecting your computer from hackers and viruses, as well as preventing
14、 careless disclosure of personal data. In short, Norton Internet Security, as the program is called, is designed to serve as the guardian of your digital health, keeping the bad things out and the private things in. The Symantec program can be configured in many ways, the website blocking, for examp
15、le, can be set to be either selectively permissive or total in its banning of websites, or switched off entirely. Also, Symantecs list of no-go areas, which on the CD now stand at around 36,000 addressed, is not confined to sex sites. The team in Virginia is also on the lookout for sites advocating
16、drags, or which contain references to violence or gambling, and keeps a watch on chat rooms, e-mail services, entertainment portals even job search and financial pages. These sites can be blocked by the program. Computer users can also refresh the address list online with the Live update feature whi
17、ch is used by Norton Anti-Virus (which is bundled with NIS) to load the latest virus definitions. This service is free for the first year but, including virus definition updates; it costs $19.95 a year there-after. The system is not perfect, however. Limited testing found the blocking of some “quest
18、ionable“ sites was not comprehensive. Trying to get access to a well-known US site such as Playboy results in an immediate blocking message with a standard invitation to report an “incorrectly categorized“ site. By contrast, you could find in other countries such as New Zealand a sex site which decl
19、ared itself to be “dedicated to providing sexual material, imaged, and anything a little bit unusual for sex enthusiasts all over the country. 21 What do we know from the first paragraph? （ A） The net savvy workers are interested in searching the web for sexual content. （ B） Parents want the workers
20、 to make sure that the blocking component works. （ C） Parents across the world dont want the sexual websites to be blocked. （ D） Parents across the world worry that their children might get hurt by some websites. 22 Norton Internet Security functions to （ A） shield computers from unexpected invasion
21、. （ B） protect computers from being damaged. （ C） protect computers from being stolen. （ D） shield computers from being used properly. 23 Symantec might not block （ A） sex sites. （ B） violence site. （ C） gambling sites. （ D） shopping sites. 24 According to the passage, the NIS program （ A） is always
22、 free, so are the virus updates. （ B） is free, but the virus updates cost $19.95. （ C） costs $19.95 including the virus updates. （ D） costs $19.95 excluding the virus updates. 25 What does the author mean by “the blocking of some questionable site was not comprehensive“ (Line 1, Last Paragraph)? （ A
23、） Some websites escape from being detected. （ B） The NIS program is not effective in other countries at all. （ C） All the websites in New Zealand should be included in the list. （ D） The website Playboy should be included in the list of no-go area. 26 An Asian engineer is assigned to a U.S. laborato
24、ry and almost suffers a nervous breakdown. A U.S. executive tells his staff hes going to treat them fairly and creates dissension. A Japanese manager is promoted by his American president, but within six months asks for a transfer. Each of these real-life cases involved people who were regarded as s
25、uperior employees, but were ill-equipped to cope with the complexities and dangers of intercultural management. “Multinational companies have studied everything else, now theyre finally looking at culture“, says Clifford Clarke, founder and president of the California-based IRI International Inc. “N
26、ever show the shoe to an Arab, never arrive in time for a party in Brazil, and in Japan, dont think yes means yes,“ advise U.S. consultants Lennie Copland and Lewis Brown Griggs, who have produced a series of films and a book to help managers improve their international business skills. But simply l
27、earning the social “dos“ and “donts“ is not the answer, according to the new culture specialists. The penalties for ignoring different thinking patterns, they point out, can be disastrous. For example, the American manager who promised to be fair thought he was telling his Japanese staff that their
28、hard work would be rewarded, but when some workers received higher salary increases than others, there were complaints. “You told us youd be fair, and you lied to us,“ accused one salesman. “It took me a year and a half“, sighed the American, “to realize that fair, to my staff, meant being treated e
29、qually.“ The Asian engineer who suffered in America was the victim of another mistaken expectation. “He was accustomed to the warm group environment so typical in Japan,“ said his U.S. manager. “But in our company, were all expected to be self-starters, who thrive on working alone. For him, it was e
30、motional starvation. Hes made the adjustment now, but hed be humiliated if I told you his name, thats another cultural difference.“ The Japanese manager who failed to respond to his promotion couldnt bring himself to use the more direct language needed to communicate with his Boston-based superiors.
31、 “I used to think all this talk about cultural communication was a log of baloney,“ says Eugene J. Flath, president of Intel Japan Ltd., a subsidiary of the American semiconductor maker. “Now, I can see its a real problem. Miscommunication has slowed our ability to coordinate action with our home of
32、fice.“ Thats why Intel, with the help of consultant Clarke, began an intercultural training program this spring which Flath expects will dramatically reduce decision-making time now lost in making sure the Americans and the Japanese understand each other. 26 Why did the Japanese staff complain to th
33、e American manager? （ A） The American manager had lied to them. （ B） The salary increases were insufficient. （ C） Most staff had not received salary increases. （ D） There was a misunderstanding of the word “fair“. 27 The promoted Japanese manager asked for a transfer because （ A） he was not competen
34、t for the higher position. （ B） he was not accustomed to working by himself. （ C） he could not make the adjustment to his new job. （ D） he lacked adequate communication with his superior. 28 From the context, the word “baloney“(Paragraph 6) is close in meaning to （ A） balcony. （ B） nonsense. （ C） fe
35、at. （ D） simplicity. 29 The cultural communication problems are becoming especially urgent for （ A） American managers. （ B） consulting firms. （ C） Japanese employees. （ D） multinational companies. 30 The author gives a detailed explanation of the examples of the Asian engineer and the Japanese manag
36、er to show （ A） its necessary to build bridges over the cultural rivers. （ B） its important to learn different thinking patterns. （ C） its essential to communicate problems and complaints. （ D） its useful to give multinational training for businessmen. 31 Living standards soared during the twentieth
37、 century, and economists expect them to continue rising in the decades ahead. Does that mean that we humans can look forward to increasing happiness? Easterlin admits that richer people are more likely to report themselves as being happier than poorer people are. But steady improvements in the Ameri
38、can economy have not been accompanied by steady increases in peoples self-assessments of their own happiness. “There has been not improvement in average happiness in the United States over almost a half century a period in which real GDP (gross domestic product) per capital more than doubled,“ Easte
39、rlin reports. The explanation for this paradox may be that people become less satisfied over time with a given level of income. In Easterlins word: “As incomes rise, the aspiration level does too, and the effect of this increase in aspirations is to invalidate the expected growth in happiness due to
40、 higher income.“ Money can buy happiness, Easterlin seems to be saying, but only if ones amounts get bigger and other people arent getting more. His analysis helps to explain sociologist Lee Rainwaters finding that Americans perception of the income “necessary to get along“ rose between 1950 and 198
41、6 in the same proportion as actual per capital income. We feel rich if we have more than our neighbors, poor if we have less, and feeling relatively well off is equated with being happy. Easterlins findings challenge psychologist Abraham Maslows “hierarchy of wants“ as a reliable guide to future hum
42、an motivation. Maslow suggested that as peoples basic material wants are satisfied they seek to achieve nonmaterial or spiritual goals. But Easterlins evidence points to the persistence of materialism. Science has developed no cure for envy, so our wealth boosts our happiness only briefly while shri
43、nking that of our neighbors. Thus the outlook for the future is gloomy in Easterlins view: “The future, then, to which the era of modem economic growth is leading is one of never ending economic growth, a world in which ever growing abundance is matched by ever rising aspirations, a world in which c
44、ultural difference is leveled in the constant race to achieve the good life of material plenty, it is a world founded on belief in science and the power of rational inquiry and in the ultimate capacity of humanity to shape its own destiny. The irony is that in this last respect the lesson of history
45、 appears to be otherwise: that there is no choice. In the end, it is not the triumph of humanity over material wants; rather, it is the triumph of material wants over humanity.“ 31 Easterlin seems to suggest that （ A） the richer people become, the happier they feel. （ B） people feel unhappy just bec
46、ause they are not rich enough. （ C） the increase of wealth certainly results in the increase of happiness. （ D） the increase of wealth does not necessarily result in the increase of happiness. 32 Generally speaking, people （ A） feel poor if they have less than many others. （ B） feel rich if they hav
47、e more than many others. （ C） tend to equate being happy with their feeling relatively rich. （ D） tend to expect more if they are richer than their neighbors. 33 According to the passage, we can tell that （ A） Easterlin agreed with Maslow. （ B） Easterlins theory contradicts with Maslows. （ C） Easter
48、lins theory is more popular than Maslows. （ D） Maslows theory is more popular than Easterlins. 34 What can we infer from the last sentence of the passage? （ A） Peoples pursue of nonmaterial goals will achieve victory. （ B） Peoples pursue of material goals outweighs that of spiritual goals. （ C） Peop
49、les pursue of material goals will lead people to be humanists. （ D） Peoples pursue of nonmaterial goals is something. 35 The author organizes the passage by （ A） raising a question and arguing about it. （ B） identifying a problem and solving it. （ C） countering a flawed argument and bringing a new one. （ D） discussing a problem and arguing in favor of one solution to it. 36 Defenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain tha
