1、Designation: D2161 10 (Reapproved 2016)D2161 17Standard Practice forConversion of Kinematic Viscosity to Saybolt UniversalViscosity or to Saybolt Furol Viscosity1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2161; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of De
3、fense.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This practice2 covers the conversion tables and equations for converting kinematic viscosity in mm2/s at any temperatureto Saybolt Universal viscosity in Saybolt Universal seconds (SUS) at the same temperature and for converting kinematic viscosityin mm2/s at 122 F and 210 F
4、 (50 C and 98.9 C) to Saybolt Furol viscosity in Saybolt Furol seconds (SFS) at the sametemperatures. Kinematic viscosity values are based on water being 1.0034 mm2/s (cSt) at 68 F (20 C).NOTE 1Afundamental and preferred method for measuring kinematic viscosity is by use of kinematic viscometers as
5、outlined in Test Method D445.Kinematic viscosity results from Test Method D7042 may be used provided they are bias-corrected by the application of the correction described in TestMethod D7042 for the specific sample type. In case of dispute, Test Method D445. shall be the referee method. It is recom
6、mended that kinematic viscositybe reported in millimetres squared per second, instead of Saybolt Universal Seconds (SUS) or Saybolt Furol Seconds (SFS). This method is being retainedfor the purpose of calculation of kinematic viscosities from SUS and SFS data that appear in past literature. One mill
7、imetre squared per second (mm2/s)equals one centistoke (cSt), which is another unit commonly found in older literature.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for referenceinformation purposes only. The SI unit of kinematic v
8、iscosity is mm2/s.1.2.1 ExceptionFahrenheit temperature units are used in this practice because they are accepted by industry for the type oflegacy conversions described in this practice.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
9、the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablish
10、ed in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque
11、Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 C and 100 CD7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of KinematicViscosity)2.2 ASTM Adjunct:4ADJD2161 Viscosit
12、y Extrapolation Tables to Zero Degrees Fahrenheit (SSU)3. Summary of Practice3.1 The Saybolt Universal viscosity equivalent to a given kinematic viscosity varies with the temperature at which thedetermination is made. The basic conversion values are those given in Table 1 for 100 F. The Saybolt Univ
13、ersal viscosityequivalent to a given kinematic viscosity at any temperature may be calculated as described in 4.3. Equivalent values at 210 Fare given in Table 1 for convenience.1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is
14、 the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.07 on Flow Properties.Current edition approved July 1, 2016July 1, 2017. Published July 2016July 2017. Originally approved in 1963, replacing former D446 and D666. Last previous editionapproved in 20102016 as D2161 101. (2016). DOI: 10.1520/D2161-10R16.1
15、0.1520/D2161-17.2 This practice, together with Practice D2270, replaces Compilation of ASTM Viscosity Tables for Kinematic Viscosity Conversions.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsv
16、olume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4 Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD2161. Original adjunct produced in 1998.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an in
17、dication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be
18、 considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2 The Saybolt Furol viscosity equivalents are tabulated in Table 3 for temperatures o
19、f 122 F and 210 F only.3.3 Examples for using the tables are given in Appendix X1.4. Significance and Use4.1 At one time the petroleum industry relied on measuring kinematic viscosity by means of the Saybolt viscometer, andexpressing kinematic viscosity in units of Saybolt Universal Seconds (SUS) an
20、d Saybolt Furol Seconds (SFS). This practice is nowobsolete in the petroleum industry.4.2 This practice establishes the official equations relating SUS and SFS to the SI kinematic viscosity units, mm2/s.4.3 This practice allows for the conversion between SUS and SFS units and SI units of kinematic v
21、iscosity.5. Procedure for Conversion to Saybolt Universal Viscosity5.1 Convert kinematic viscosities between 1.81 mm2/s and 500 mm2/s (cSt) at 100 F, and between 1.77 mm2/s and139.8 mm2/s (cSt) at 210 F, to equivalent Saybolt Universal seconds directly from Table 1 (see Appendix X1, Example 1).NOTE
22、2Obtain viscosities not listed, but which are within the range given in Table 1, by linear interpolation (see Appendix X1, Example 2).5.2 Convert kinematic viscosities greater than the upper limits of Table 1 at temperatures of 100 F and 210 F to SayboltUniversal viscosities as follows (see Appendix
23、 X1, Example 3):Saybolt Universal seconds5centistokes3B (1)where B = 4.632 at 100 F or 4.664 at 210 F.5.3 At temperatures other than 100 F or 210 F, convert kinematic viscosities to Saybolt Universal viscosities as follows4 (seeAppendix X1, Example 4):Ut 5U100F110.000061t 2100! (2)where:Ut = Saybolt
24、 Universal viscosity at tF, andU100F = Saybolt Universal viscosity at 100F in Saybolt Universal seconds equivalent to kinematic viscosity in centistokes attF, from Table 1.NOTE 3The multipliers for Saybolt Universal seconds in Eq 2 are given as Factor A in Table 2 for a range of temperatures.5.4 Sin
25、ce the relationship between Saybolt and kinematic viscosities is linear above 75 mm2/s (cSt), kinematic viscosities abovethis limit may be converted to Saybolt Universal viscosities at any temperature between 0 F and 350 F by use of Eq 1 (4.2),selecting the proper factor for B from Table 2 (see Appe
26、ndix X1, Example 5).6. Procedure for Conversion to Saybolt Furol Viscosity6.1 Convert kinematic viscosities between 48 mm2/s to 1300 mm2/s (cSt) at 122 F, and between 50 mm2/s and 1300 mm2/s (cSt) at 210 F, to equivalent Saybolt Furol seconds directly from Table 3 (see Appendix X1, Examples 6 and 7)
27、.NOTE 4Viscosities not listed, but which are within the range given in Table 3, may be obtained by linear interpolation (see Appendix X1, Example8).6.2 Convert kinematic viscosities above 1300 cSt to equivalent Saybolt Furol seconds by use of the following equations (seeAppendix X1, Example 9):Saybo
28、lt Furol seconds at 122F (3)50.47173mm 2/scSt!at 122FSaybolt Furol seconds at 210F (4)50.47923mm 2/scSt!at 210F7. Procedure for Computer Calculation7.1 Table 1 and Table 3 were computed by fitting a smooth curve to the original experimental data points. The derived equationsare given as follows for
29、the convenience of those who wish to use a computer for conversion rather than refer to the tables:U100F54.63241 1.010.03264v3930.21262.7123.97 211.6463!31025 (5)Ut 51.010.000061t 2100!# (6)F4.63241 1.010.032643930.21262.7123.97 211.6463!31025GD2161 172F122F50.47171F 139242272.5916816!G (7)F210F50.4
30、7921F 5610v212130!G (8)where: = kinematic viscosity, mm2/s (cSt) at tF,F122F = Saybolt Furol viscosity at 122 F in Saybolt Furol seconds equivalent to kinematic viscosity, mm2/s (cSt) at 122 F, andF210F = Saybolt Furol viscosity at 210 F in Saybolt Furol seconds equivalent to kinematic viscosity, mm
31、2/s (cSt) at 210 F.7.2 Eq 5 and Eq 6 and Table 1 are limited to values of Saybolt Universal of 32.0 s and above.7.3 Eq 7 and Eq 8 and Table 3 are limited to values of Saybolt Furol of 25.1 s and above.8. Supplementary Conversion Equivalents8.1 The following units and equivalents are frequently used
32、in connection with viscosity conversions:poise = cgs unit of absolute viscosity.centipoise = 0.01 poise.stokes = cgs unit of kinematic viscosity.centistokes = 0.01 stokes.centipoise = centistokes density (at temperature underconsideration).9. Report9.1 Saybolt Universal and Saybolt Furol viscosities
33、 should be reported to the nearest 0.1 s for values below 200 s and to thenearest whole second for values of 200 s and higher.10. Keywords10.1 kinematic viscosity; Saybolt furol; Saybolt universalD2161 173TABLE 1 Kinematic Viscosity to Saybolt Universal Viscosity1.77 mm2/s to 500.0 mm2/s (cSt)Kin Vi
34、s,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSAt 100 F At 210 F At 100 F At 210 F At 100 F At 210 F At 100 F At 210
35、F2.25 33.5 33.7 2.75 35.1 35.4 3.25 36.8 37.02.26 33.5 33.7 2.76 35.2 35.4 3.26 36.8 37.01.77 . . 32.0 2.27 33.5 33.7 2.77 35.2 35.4 3.27 36.8 37.11.78 . . 32.1 2.28 33.6 33.8 2.78 35.2 35.5 3.28 36.9 37.11.79 . . 32.1 2.29 33.6 33.8 2.79 35.3 35.5 3.29 36.9 37.11.80 . . 32.1 2.30 33.6 33.8 2.80 35.
36、3 35.5 3.30 36.9 37.21.81 32.0 32.2 2.31 33.7 33.9 2.81 35.3 35.6 3.31 37.0 37.21.82 32.0 32.2 2.32 33.7 33.9 2.81 35.4 35.6 3.32 37.0 37.21.83 32.0 32.2 2.33 33.7 33.9 2.83 35.4 35.6 3.33 37.0 37.31.84 32.1 32.3 2.34 33.8 34.0 2.84 35.4 35.7 3.34 37.1 37.31.85 32.1 32.3 2.35 33.8 34.0 2.85 35.5 35.
37、7 3.35 37.1 37.31.86 32.1 32.3 2.36 33.8 34.0 2.86 35.5 35.7 3.36 37.1 37.41.87 32.2 32.4 2.37 33.9 34.1 2.87 35.5 35.8 3.37 37.2 37.41.88 32.2 32.4 2.38 33.9 34.1 2.88 35.6 35.8 3.38 37.2 37.41.89 32.2 32.4 2.39 33.9 34.2 2.89 35.6 35.8 3.39 37.2 37.51.90 32.3 32.5 2.40 34.0 34.2 2.90 35.6 35.9 3.4
38、0 37.3 37.51.91 32.3 32.5 2.41 34.0 34.2 2.91 35.7 35.9 3.41 37.3 37.51.92 32.3 32.5 2.42 34.0 34.3 2.92 35.7 35.9 3.42 37.3 37.61.93 32.4 32.6 2.43 34.1 34.3 2.93 35.7 36.0 3.43 37.4 37.61.94 32.4 32.6 2.44 34.1 34.3 2.94 35.8 36.0 3.44 37.4 37.61.95 32.4 32.6 2.45 34.1 34.4 2.95 35.8 36.0 3.45 37.
39、4 37.71.96 32.5 32.7 2.46 34.2 34.4 2.96 35.8 36.1 3.46 37.5 37.71.97 32.5 32.7 2.47 34.2 34.4 2.97 35.9 36.1 3.47 37.5 37.71.98 32.5 32.8 2.48 34.2 34.5 2.98 35.9 36.1 3.48 37.5 37.81.99 32.6 32.8 2.49 34.3 34.5 2.99 35.9 36.2 3.49 37.6 37.82.00 32.6 32.8 2.50 34.3 34.5 3.00 36.0 36.2 3.50 37.6 37.
40、82.01 32.6 32.9 2.51 34.3 34.6 3.01 36.0 36.2 3.51 37.6 37.92.02 32.7 32.9 2.52 34.4 34.6 3.02 36.0 36.3 3.52 37.6 37.92.03 32.7 32.9 2.53 34.4 34.6 3.03 36.0 36.3 3.53 37.7 37.92.04 32.7 33.0 2.54 34.4 34.7 3.04 36.1 36.3 3.54 37.7 38.02.05 32.8 33.0 2.55 34.5 34.7 3.05 36.1 36.4 3.55 37.7 38.02.06
41、 32.8 33.0 2.56 34.5 34.7 3.06 36.1 36.4 3.56 37.8 38.02.07 32.8 33.1 2.57 34.5 34.8 3.07 36.2 36.4 3.57 37.8 38.12.08 32.9 33.1 2.58 34.6 34.8 3.08 36.2 36.5 3.58 37.8 38.12.09 32.9 33.1 2.59 34.6 34.8 3.09 36.2 36.5 3.59 37.9 38.12.10 32.9 33.2 2.60 34.6 34.9 3.10 36.3 36.5 3.60 37.9 38.22.11 33.0
42、 33.2 2.61 34.7 34.9 3.11 36.3 36.6 3.61 37.9 38.22.12 33.0 33.2 2.62 34.7 34.9 3.12 36.3 36.6 3.62 38.0 38.22.13 33.0 33.3 2.63 34.7 35.0 3.13 36.4 36.6 3.63 38.0 38.32.14 33.1 33.3 2.64 34.8 35.0 3.14 36.4 36.7 3.64 38.0 38.32.15 33.1 33.3 2.65 34.8 35.0 3.15 36.4 36.7 3.65 38.1 38.32.16 33.1 33.4
43、 2.66 34.8 35.1 3.16 36.5 36.7 3.66 38.1 38.42.17 33.2 33.4 2.67 34.9 35.1 3.17 36.5 36.8 3.67 38.1 38.42.18 33.2 33.4 2.68 34.9 35.1 3.18 36.5 36.8 3.68 38.2 38.42.19 33.2 33.5 2.69 34.9 35.2 3.19 36.6 36.8 3.69 38.2 38.52.20 33.3 33.5 2.70 35.0 35.2 3.20 36.6 36.9 3.70 38.2 38.52.21 33.3 33.5 2.71
44、 35.0 35.2 3.21 36.6 36.9 3.71 38.3 38.52.22 33.3 33.6 2.72 35.0 35.3 3.22 36.7 36.9 3.72 38.3 38.62.23 33.4 33.6 2.73 35.1 35.3 3.23 36.7 37.0 3.73 38.3 38.62.24 33.4 33.6 2.74 35.1 35.3 3.24 36.7 37.0 3.74 38.4 38.6D2161 174TABLE 1 ContinuedKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, S
45、USKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSKin Vis,mm2/s(cSt)Equivalent SayboltUniversalViscosity, SUSAt 100 F At 210 F At 100 F At 210 F At 100 F At 210 F At 100 F At 210 F3.75 38.4 38.7 4.25 40.0 40.3 4.75 41.6 41.9 5.25
46、43.2 43.53.76 38.4 38.7 4.26 40.0 40.3 4.76 41.6 41.9 5.26 43.2 43.53.77 38.5 38.7 4.27 40.1 40.3 4.77 41.7 41.9 5.27 43.3 43.53.78 38.5 38.7 4.28 40.1 40.4 4.78 41.7 42.0 5.28 43.3 43.63.79 38.5 38.8 4.29 40.1 40.4 4.79 41.7 42.0 5.29 43.3 43.63.80 38.6 38.8 4.30 40.2 40.4 4.80 41.8 42.0 5.30 43.3
47、43.63.81 38.6 38.8 4.31 40.2 40.5 4.81 41.8 42.1 5.31 43.4 43.73.82 38.6 38.9 4.32 40.2 40.5 4.82 41.8 42.1 5.32 43.4 43.73.83 38.7 38.9 4.33 40.3 40.5 4.83 41.9 42.1 5.33 43.4 43.73.84 38.7 38.9 4.34 40.3 40.6 4.84 41.9 42.2 5.34 43.5 43.83.85 38.7 39.0 4.35 40.3 40.6 4.85 41.9 42.2 5.35 43.5 43.83
48、.86 38.7 39.0 4.36 40.4 40.6 4.86 41.9 42.2 5.36 43.5 43.83.87 38.8 39.0 4.37 40.4 40.7 4.87 42.0 42.3 5.37 43.6 43.93.88 38.8 39.1 4.38 40.4 40.7 4.88 42.0 42.3 5.38 43.6 43.93.89 38.8 39.1 4.39 40.4 40.7 4.89 42.0 42.3 5.39 43.6 43.93.90 38.9 39.1 4.40 40.5 40.8 4.90 42.1 42.4 5.40 43.7 44.03.91 3
49、8.9 39.2 4.41 40.5 40.8 4.91 42.1 42.4 5.41 43.7 44.03.92 38.9 39.2 4.42 40.5 40.8 4.92 42.1 42.4 5.42 43.7 44.03.93 39.0 39.2 4.43 40.6 40.8 4.93 42.2 42.5 5.43 43.8 44.13.94 39.0 39.3 4.44 40.6 40.9 4.94 42.2 42.5 5.44 43.8 44.13.95 39.0 39.3 4.45 40.6 40.9 4.95 42.2 42.5 5.45 43.8 44.13.96 39.1 39.3 4.46 40.7 40.9 4.96 42.3 42.5 5.46 43.9 44.23.97 39.1 39.4 4.47 40.7 41.0 4.97 42.3 42.6 5.47 43.9 44.23.98 39.1 39.4 4.48 40.7 41.0 4.98 42.3 42.6 5.48 43.9 44.23.99 39.2 39.4 4.49 40.8
