1、Designation: D849 15Standard Test Method forCopper Strip Corrosion by Industrial AromaticHydrocarbons1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D849; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the corrosiveness
3、of industrialaromatic hydrocarbons to a copper strip.NOTE 1For a similar copper strip test applicable to other petroleumproducts, see Test Method D130 and Test Method D1838.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3
4、 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific haza
5、rdstatements, see Section 8.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B152/B152M Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate,and Rolled BarD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-leum Products by Copper Strip TestD1838 Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by LiquefiedPetroleum (L
6、P) GasesD4790 Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and RelatedChemicalsD6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality AssuranceProcedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Ma-terials2.2 Other Documents:3OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and1910.12002.3 ASTM Adjuncts:ASTM Copper Strip Co
7、rrosion Standards (13 photo litho-graphed aluminum strips; includes Test Method D130)43. Terminology3.1 See Terminology D4790 for definition of terms used inthis test method.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A polished copper strip is immersed in 200 mL ofspecimen in a flask with a condenser and placed i
8、n boilingwater for 30 min. At the end of this period, the copper strip isremoved and compared with the ASTM Copper Strip Corro-sion Standards.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is suitable for setting specifications, foruse as an internal quality control tool, and for use in develop-ment or
9、 research work on industrial aromatic hydrocarbons andrelated materials. It also gives an indication of the presence ofcertain corrosive substances which may corrode equipment,such as acidic compounds or sulfur compounds.6. Apparatus6.1 Flask, of sufficient size to allow for refluxing 200 mLspecimen
10、, of chemically resistant glass with flat bottom andvial mouth.6.2 Glass Condenser, length may vary, with the insidediameter of the condenser tube not less than 10 mm. A cork isused to connect the flask with the condenser. A condenser andflask with ground-glass joints may also be used.1This test met
11、hod is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 onAromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and TheirDerivatives.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published January 2016. Originallyapproved in
12、 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D849 11. DOI:10.1520/D0849-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page o
13、nthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.4Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Request Adjunct No.ADJD0130. Names of suppliers in the United Kingdom
14、can be obtained from theEnergy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, W1G 7AR, U.K. Two masterstandards are held by the EI for reference.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-29
15、59. United States16.3 Strip Polishing Vise, (optional), to hold the copper stripfirmly without marring the edges. For convenient vises see TestMethod D130.6.4 Water Bath, of convenient design, able to maintainboiling water such that the contents of the flask are submergedduring the test.7. Reagents
16、and Materials7.1 Wash SolventAny volatile, sulfur-free hydrocarbonsolvent may be used provided that it shows no tarnish at allwhen tested at 100C for 1 h. Iso octane (WarningSee 8.2)is a suitable solvent.7.2 Surface Preparation/Polishing Materials, 00 grade orfiner steel wool or silicon carbide grit
17、 paper or cloth of varyingdegrees of fineness including 65-m (240-grit) grade; also asupply of 105-m (150-mesh) size silicon carbide grain orpowder and absorbent cotton (cotton wool). A commercialgrade is suitable, but pharmaceutical grade is most commonlyavailable and is acceptable.7.3 Copper Strip
18、sUse strips that are 12.5 6 2mm(12-in.)wide, 1.5 to 3.2 mm (116 to18-in.) thick, and cut 75 6 5-mm(3-in.) long from smooth-surfaced, hard, cold-finished copperof 99.9 + % purity. Electrical bus-bar stock is generallysuitable (hard-temper, cold-finished type-electrolytic toughpitch (ETP) copper confo
19、rming to UNS C11000 in Specifica-tion B152/B152M. Drill a 3.2 mm 6 0.5 mm hole approxi-mately 3.2 mm from one end in the center of the strip. Thestrips may be used repeatedly but should be discarded whensurfaces become deformed on handling.7.4 Copper Wire, soft, about 150 mm in length.7.5 ASTM Coppe
20、r Strip Corrosion Standards, consisting ofreproductions in color of typical test strips representing in-creasing degrees of tarnish and corrosion. The reproductionsare encased in plastic in the form of a plaque. Instructions forcare and use are given on the reverse side of each plaque andin Test Met
21、hod D130.7.6 Ashless Filter Paper or Disposable Gloves, for use inprotecting the copper strip from coming in contact with theindividual during final polishing.8. Hazards8.1 Consult current OSHA regulations, suppliers SafetyData Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in thistest method.
22、8.2 Isooctane is Extremely Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.Vapors may cause flash fire. Keep away from heat, sparks, andopen flame. Keep container closed. Use with adequate venti-lation. Avoid buildup of vapors and eliminate all sources ofignition, especially non-explosion-proof electrical apparatusan
23、d heaters. Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact.9. Preparation of Strips9.1 Surface PreparationRemove all surface blemishesfrom all six sides of the strip obtained from a previous analysis(see Note 2). One way to accomplish this is to use 00 grade
24、 orfiner steel wool or silicon carbide grit paper or cloth of suchdegrees of fineness as are needed to accomplish the desiredresults efficiently. Finish with 65-m (240-grit) silicon-carbidepaper or cloth, removing all marks that may have been made byother grades of paper used previously. Ensure the
25、preparedcopper strip is protected from oxidation prior to finalpreparation, such as by immersing the strip in wash solventfrom which it can be withdrawn immediately for final prepa-ration (polishing) or in which it can be stored for future use.NOTE 2Only final polishing (see 9.2) is necessary for co
26、mmerciallypurchased pre-polished strips.NOTE 3As a practical manual polishing procedure, place a sheet of thepaper on a flat surface, moisten it with wash solvent, and rub the stripagainst the paper with a circular motion, protecting the strip from contactwith the fingers by using an ashless filter
27、paper, other suitable material, orwearing disposable gloves.Alternatively, the strip may be prepared by useof motor-driven machines using appropriate grades of dry paper or cloth.9.2 Final PolishingFor strips prepared in 9.1 or new stripsbeing used for the first time, remove a strip from its protect
28、edlocation, such as by removing it from the wash solvent. Toprevent possible surface contamination during finalpreparation, do not allow fingers to come in direct contact withthe copper strips, such as by wearing disposable gloves orholding the strips in the fingers protected with ashless filterpape
29、r. Polish first the ends and then the sides with the 105-m(150-mesh) silicon-carbide grains picked up from a suitablecontainer with a pad of absorbent cotton or cloth moistenedwith a drop of wash solvent. Wipe vigorously with fresh padsof absorbent cotton or cloth and subsequently handle only withst
30、ainless-steel forceps, tongs, or other suitable devices to avoidtouching with the fingers. Polish the main surfaces with siliconcarbide grains on absorbent cotton or cloth. Rub in thedirection of the long axis of the strip, carrying the strokebeyond the end of the strip before reversing the directio
31、n.Clean all metal dust from the strip by rubbing vigorously withclean pads of absorbent cotton or cloth until the materialremains unsoiled. When the strip is clean, immediately im-merse the strip in the specimen flask.NOTE 4It is important to polish the whole surface of the stripuniformly to obtain
32、a uniformly stained strip. If the edges show wear(surface elliptical) they will likely show more corrosion than the center.The use of a vise will facilitate uniform polishing.10. Procedure10.1 Fasten the 150-mm length of soft copper wire throughthe hole provided near one end of the strip, taking car
33、e not totouch the strip with the fingers after polishing.10.2 Place the strip in the flask and add 200 mL of thesample. The specimen must not contain separated water. Filterthrough a dry filter paper, if necessary, to remove water.10.3 Connect the flask to the vertical reflux condenser bymeans of a
34、properly bored cork or glass stopper. It is absolutelynecessary that a cork or glass, not rubber, stopper be used, inorder to avoid contamination of the specimen by sulfur fromrubber stoppers. The copper wire may be allowed to extendinto the condenser tube for convenience in removing the strip.Compl
35、etely immerse the strip.D849 15210.4 Place the flask in the gently boiling water bath, andimmerse the flask to the liquid line of the specimen within theflask.10.5 Remove the copper strip 30 min from the time the flaskwas immersed in the bath. Do not touch the copper strip, butremove it by the wire
36、that has been provided. Do not allow thestrip to come in contact with separated water during any part ofthe test, since water causes bad local staining of the copper. Ifit is desired to preserve the strip for future reference, dip itimmediately into white shellac or lacquer.11. Interpretation of Res
37、ults11.1 Compare the exposed strip with the ASTM CopperStrip Corrosion Standards described in 7.5 and as summarizedin Table 1. Hold the test strip and the Standard in such amanner that light reflected from them at an angle of approxi-mately 45 will be observed.11.1.1 When a strip is in the obvious t
38、ransition statebetween that indicated by any two adjacent standard strips, ratethe sample at the more tarnished classification. Should a stripappear to have a darker orange color than Standard Strip 1b,consider the observed strip as still belonging in Classification1; however, if any evidence of red
39、 color is observed, theobserved strip belongs in Classification 2.11.1.2 Repeat the test if blemishes due to fingerprints areobserved, or due to spots from any particles or water dropletsthat may have touched the test strip during the digestion period.11.1.3 Repeat the test also if the sharp edges a
40、long the flatfaces of the strip appear to be in a classification higher that thegreater portion of the strip; in this case, it is likely that theedges were burnished during preparation (polishing).12. Report12.1 Report the corrosiveness of the copper strip in accor-dance with one of the classificati
41、ons of theASTM Copper StripCorrosion Standards and as summarized in Table 1. A rating of1a or 1b is considered a “Pass;” all others shall be consideredfailures.13. Precision and Bias13.1 In the case of pass/fail data, no generally acceptedmethod for determining precision and bias is currently avail-
42、able.14. Quality Guidelines14.1 In the case of pass/fail data, no generally acceptedmethod for determining that this test is under statistical controlis currently available.15. Keywords15.1 aromatic hydrocarbon; copper corrosion test; corro-siveness to copperTABLE 1 Copper Strip ClassificationsClass
43、ification Designation DescriptionAFreshly polished strip .B1slight tarnish a. Light orange, almost the same as freshlypolished strip. b. Dark orange2 moderate tarnish a. Claret red. b. Lavender. c. Multicolored with lavender blue or silver, orboth, overlaid on claret red. d. Silvery. e. Brassy or go
44、ld3 dark tarnish a. Magenta overcast on brassy strip. b. Multicolored with red and green snowing(peacock), but no gray4 corrosion a. Transparent black, dark gray or brown withpeacock green barely showing. b. Graphite or lusterless black. c. Glossy or jet blackAThe ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standar
45、d is a colored reproduction of strips characteristic of these descriptions.BThe freshly polished strip is included in the series only as an indication of the appearance of a properly polished strip before a test run. It is not possible to duplicate thisappearance after a test even with a completely
46、noncorrosive sample.D849 153SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D16 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D84911)that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved October 1, 2015.)(1) Revised footnote 4.(2) Revised 7.3.(3) Added 11.1.2 and 11.1.3.(4) Added
47、keywords to Section 15.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringem
48、ent of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or
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