1、Designation: D6158 10D6158 14Standard Specification forMineral Hydraulic Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenth
2、eses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This specification covers mineral oils used in hydraulic systems, where the performance requirements demand fluids withone of the following chara
3、cteristics:1.1.1 A refined base oil (Class HH),1.1.2 A refined mineral base oil with rust and oxidation inhibitors (Class HL), and1.1.3 A refined mineral base oil with rust and oxidation inhibitors plus antiwear characteristics (Class HM).1.2 This specification defines the requirements of mineral oi
4、l-based hydraulic fluids that are compatible with most existingmachinery components when there is adequate maintenance.1.3 This specification defines only new lubricating oils before they are installed in the hydraulic system.1.4 This specification defines specific types of hydraulic oils. It does n
5、ot include all hydraulic oils. Some oils that are notincluded may be satisfactory for certain hydraulic applications. Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit or require awider or narrower range of characteristics than those described herein.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regar
6、ded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5.1 ExceptionIn X1.3.9 on Wear Protection, the values of pump pressure are in MPa, and the psi follows in brackets as areference point immediately recognized by a large part of the industry.1.6 The following safety hazard
7、 caveat pertains to the test methods referenced in this specification.This standard does notpurport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the appl
8、icability of regulatory limitation prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Te
9、stD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric TitrationD665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristi
10、cs of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of WaterD892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating OilsD943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral OilsD974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator TitrationD1298 Test Method for Density, Relative De
11、nsity, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products byHydrometer MethodD1401 Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic FluidsD2070 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic OilsD2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at
12、 40 and 100CD2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Viscosity System1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.N0.10 on Specifications.Current edi
13、tion approved May 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2014. Published August 2010February 2015. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 asD6158D6158 10.05. DOI: 10.1520/D6158-10.10.1520/D6158-14.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer S
14、ervice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the prev
15、ious version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Cha
16、nges section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D2619 Test Method for Hydrolytic Stability of Hydraulic Fluids (Beverage Bottle Method)D2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of
17、Lubricants Measured by Brookfield ViscometerD3427 Test Method for Air Release Properties of Petroleum OilsD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4310 Test Method for Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral
18、OilsD6080 Practice for Defining the Viscosity Characteristics of Hydraulic FluidsD7043 Test Method for IndicatingWear Characteristics of Non-Petroleum and Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in a ConstantVolumeVane Pump3. Classification3.1 Type HH Hydraulic OilsNon-inhibited refined mineral oils for hydrauli
19、c systems that do not have specific requirementsof oxidation stability, rust protection, or anti-wear properties. Type HH oils are usually intended for total loss systems or verylight-duty equipment.3.2 Type HL Hydraulic OilsRefined mineral oils with improved rust protection and oxidation stability
20、for hydraulic systemswhere relatively high temperatures and long periods of operation time are expected, and where there is the possibility of water orhumidity that could rust metal parts of the machinery. These oils are intended for use in systems where no metal to metal contactis expected between
21、the moving parts. Usually systems working at low pressures specify HL oils. Some high-pressure pistonpumps can operate satisfactorily on these oils.3.3 Type HM Hydraulic OilsOils of HLtype with improved anti-wear properties, for general hydraulic systems, especially forthose working at high pressure
22、s and where the possibility of metal to metal contact between the moving parts exists. Type HM oilsare usually specified for hydraulic systems with vane pumps, or when the system is intended to work at maximum pump capacityfor long periods of time.3.4 Type HV Hydraulic OilsOils of HM type with impro
23、ved viscosity/temperature properties, for general hydraulic systemswhere equipment is intended to operate over a wide range of ambient temperatures.4. Classification Requirements4.1 Type HHThe requirements for this type of oil are presented in Table 1 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VG from 10 to15
24、0, in accordance with Classification D2422.4.2 Type HLThe requirements for this type of oil are presented in Table 2 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VG from 10 to150, in accordance with Classification D2422.4.3 Type HMThe requirements for this type of oil are presented in Table 3 and include Viscos
25、ity Grades ISO VG from 10 to150, in accordance with Classification D2422.4.4 Type HVThe requirements for this type of oil are presented in Table 4 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VG from 10 to150, in accordance with Classification D2422.5. Inspection5.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed up
26、on between the purchaser and the supplier.6. Packaging and Package Marking6.1 The material shall be suitably packaged to permit acceptance by the carrier and to afford adequate protection from normalhazards of handling and shipping. Packaging shall conform to applicable carrier rules and regulations
27、.6.2 Packaging and labeling shall comply with state or federal regulations.6.3 Each container shall be plainly marked with the manufacturers name and brand, production code or lot number, type ofmaterial, volume content, and any other information required by state or federal law.7. Keywords7.1 antiw
28、ear protection; guideline; hydraulic oils; mineral oils; rust and oxidation protection; viscosity indexD6158 142TABLE 1 Requirements for Type HH Mineral Oil Hydraulic FluidsTest MethodProperties ASTM (Other) Parameters LimitsPhysicalISO viscosity grade D2422 10 15 22 32 46 68 100 150Viscosity D445 k
29、inematic viscosity at40C, mm2/s9.0-11.0 13.5-16.5 19.8-24.2 28.8-35.2 41.4-50.6 61.2-74.8 90.0-110 135-165Viscosity D445 kinematic viscosity at40 C, mm2/s9.011.0 13.516.5 19.824.2 28.835.2 41.450.6 61.274.8 90.0110 135165Viscosity, # 750 cP D2983A temperature, /C report report report report report r
30、eport report reportViscosity, # 750 cP D2983 temperature, C report report report report report report report reportViscosity index D2270 report report report report report report report reportSpecific gravity D1298B report report report report report report report reportSpecific gravity D1298A repor
31、t report report report report report report reportAppearance Visual clear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightFlash point D92 temperature, C, min 125 145 165 175 185 195 205 215Pour point D97 temperature, C, max -15 -12 -9
32、 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6Pour point D97 temperature, C, max 15 12 9 6 6 6 6 6ChemicalAcid number D974/D 664 mg KOH/g, max 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05PerformanceElastomer compatibil-ityD471 100 1C/288 2h 2h SRE-NBR 1 Elasto-mer (DIN53 538, Part 1orreport report report report report report report re
33、portElastomer compatibil-ityD471 100 C 1 C 288 h 2 hSRE-NBR 1 Elastomer(DIN53 538, Part 1 orreport report report report report report report reportAMA 524, Part 1)relative volume change,% Creport report 0 to 15 0 to 12 0 to 12 0 to 10 0 to 10 0 to 10relative volume change,percent Creport report 0 to
34、 15 0 to 12 0 to 12 0 to 10 0 to 10 0 to 10change in Shore Ahardness,rating Creport report 0 to 8 0 to 7 0 to 7 0 to 6 0 to 6 0 to 6A Precision of the test method for hydraulic oils at low temperatures is being improved by Subcommittee D02.07.C0, but the test method is applicable.A Test Method D4052
35、 can also be used.D6158 143TABLE 2 Requirements for Type HL Mineral Oil Hydraulic Fluids (Rust and Oxidation)Test MethodProperties ASTM (Other) Parameters LimitsPhysical:ISO-viscosity grade D2422 10 15 22 32 45 68 100 150Viscosity D445 kinematic viscosity at 40C, mm2/s 9.0-11.0 13.5-16.5 19.8-24.2 2
36、8.8-35.2 41.4-50.6 61.2-74.8 90.0-110 135-165Viscosity D445 kinematic viscosity at 40 C, mm2/s 9.011.0 13.516.5 19.824.2 28.835.2 41.450.6 61.274.8 90.0110 135165Viscosity, # 750 cP D2983A temperature, C, max -33 -23 -15 -8 -2 4 10 16Viscosity, # 750 cP D2983 temperature, C, max 33 23 15 8 2 4 10 16
37、Viscosity index D2270 min 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90Specific gravity D1298B report report report report report report report reportSpecific gravity D1298A report report report report report report report reportAppearance visual, at 20C clear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear a
38、ndbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightAppearance visual, at 20 C clear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightFlash point D92 temperature, C, min 125 145 165 175 185 195 205 215Pour point D97 temperature, C, ma
39、x -33 -24 -21 -18 -15 -12 -12 -12Pour point D97 temperature, C, max 33 24 21 18 15 12 12 12Chemical:Acid Number D974/D 664 mg KOHg report report report report report report report reportPerformance:Rust prevention D665AC visual evaluation pass or fail pass pass pass pass pass pass pass passRust prev
40、ention D665AB visual evaluation pass or fail pass pass pass pass pass pass pass passD665BC pass pass pass pass pass pass pass passD665BB pass pass pass pass pass pass pass passCorrosion D130 copper corrosion, 3 h at 100C, visual,max2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2Corrosion D130 copper corrosion, 3 h at 100 C, visual
41、,max2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2Water separation D1401 time (mins) to 3 mL emulsion at 54C, max 30 30 30 30 30 30 . .Water separation D1401 time (mins) to 3 mL emulsion at 54 C,max30 30 30 30 30 30 . .time (mins) to 3 mL emulsion at 82C, max . . . . . . 60 60time (mins) to 3 mL emulsion at 82 C,max. . . . . . 60
42、 60Elastomer compatibility D471 100 C/288, 2 hSRE-NBR 1 ElastomerElastomer compatibility D471 100 C 1 C 288 h 2 hSRE-NBR 1 Elastomer(DIN 53 538, Part 1 or AAMA 524 Part 1)relative volume change, %D report report 0 to 15 0 to 12 0 to 12 0 to 10 0 to 10 0 to 10relative volume change, percent report re
43、port 0 to 15 0 to 12 0 to 12 0 to 10 0 to 10 0 to 10change in Shore A hardness, ratingD report report 0 to -8 0 to -7 0 to -7 0 to -6 0 to -6 0 to -6change in Shore A hardness, rating report report 0 to 8 0 to 7 0 to 7 0 to 6 0 to 6 0 to 6Foam D892 Sequence I, tendency/stability, mL, max 150/0 150/0
44、 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0Sequence II, tendency/stability, mL, max 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0Sequence III, tendency/stability, mL, max 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0Air release D3427 time, (mins. at 50C, max) 5 5 5 5 10 10 . .Air release D3427 time, (mins. at
45、50 C, max) 5 5 5 5 10 10 . .time, (mins. at 75C, max) . . . . . . report reporttime, (mins. at 75 C, max) . . . . . . report reportOxidation stability D943 time for acid number of 2 mg KOH/g, h,min1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000Sludge tendency D4310 total insoluble sludge, mg, max 200 200 20
46、0 200 200 200 200 200copper in oil/water/sludge, mg report report report report report report report reportThermal stability D2070 copper appearance, visual max report report report 5 5 5 report reportsteel appearance, visual max report report report 1 1 1 report reportsludge, mg/100 mL, max report
47、report report 25 25 25 report reportD6158144A Precision of the test method for hydraulic fuels at low temperatures is being improved by Subcommittee D02.07.C0, but the test method is applicable.A Test Method D4052 can also be used.B Test Method D665 soak time is 24 h.D These numbers are provisional;
48、 ASTM is trying to establish a technical consensus for possible revision.D6158145TABLE 3 Requirements for Type HM Mineral Oil Hydraulic Fluids (Anti-wear)Test MethodProperties ASTM (Other) Parameters LimitsPhysical:ISO-viscosity grade D2422 10 15 22 32 46 68 100 150Viscosity D445 kinematic viscosity
49、 at 40C, mm2/s 9.0-11.0 13.5-16.5 19.8-24.2 28.8-35.2 41.4-50.6 61.2-74.8 90.0-110 135-165Viscosity D445 kinematic viscosity at 40 C, mm2/s 9.011.0 13.516.5 19.824.2 28.835.2 41.450.6 61.274.8 90.0110 135165Viscosity # 750 cP D2983A temperature, C, max -33 -23 -15 (-8) -2 4 10 16Viscosity # 750 cP D2983 temperature, C, max 33 -23 15 (8) 2 4 10 16Viscosity index D2270 *min 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90Specific gravity D1298B report report report report rep
