1、Designation: E 193 94 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Specification forLaboratory Glass Micropipets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 193; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers several micropipets useful i
3、nmeasuring microlitre quantities of liquids.NOTE 1This specification was originally developed by the Committeeon MicrochemicalApparatus, Division ofAnalytical Chemistry,AmericanChemical Society.2,3,42. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:5E 920 Specification for Commercially Packaged LaboratoryAp
4、paratusE 921 Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Appa-ratusE 1133 Practice for Performance Testing of Packaged Labo-ratory Apparatus United States Government ProcurementsE 1157 Specification for Sampling and Testing ReusableLaboratory Glassware3. Nomenclature3.1 The pipets specified in Figs
5、. 1-3, and Fig. 4 are classifiedas micropipets, whereas those in Figs. 5 and 6 are classified asmicrolitre pipets in order to differentiate among the variouspipets, not on a technical basis, but rather on the basis of usage.This is done to prevent confusion that might result from thefact that the pi
6、pets shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and Fig. 3 are listedin trade catalogs as micropipets designed especially for use inthe fields of biological and clinical chemistry, and the pipetsshown in Fig. 4 are listed as micropipets, density-type, de-signed for use as microweighing pipets, or pycnometers.4. Microp
7、ipets, Measuring-Type (“to deliver”)4.1 The measuring-type micropipets2 ,6are specified in fivecapacities and shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig.1. The narrow, elongated delivery stem of the pipets can reachto the bottom of microvolumetric flasks,2,5permitting almostcomplete withdrawal o
8、f the contents of the flask. Quantitativedelivery of the entire volume of the pipets is obtained bytouching off the last drop.5. Micropipets, Folin-Type (“to contain”)5.1 The Folin-type4,6,7micropipets are specified in twocapacities and shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig.2. Complete deli
9、very of the volume indicated by the graduationmark on these pipets is ensured by washing out several timesany solution adhering to the inner surface with wash liquiddrawn up from the tip.6. Micro Washout Pipets, Pregl-Type (“to contain”)6.1 The micro washout pipets, Pregl-type4 ,6,8are specifiedin f
10、our capacities and shall conform to the requirements shownin Fig. 3. Quantitative delivery of the volume indicated by thegraduation mark on the pipets is obtained by rinsing out thecontents with wash liquid added from the top of the pipet.7. Micro Weighing Pipets, Density-Type (Pycnometers)(“to cont
11、ain”)7.1 The micro weighing pipets, density-type (pycnom-eters),4,6,9with ground-glass caps, are specified in three ca-pacities and shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig. 4.These pipets are designed for density determinations on small1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Com
12、mittee E41 onLaboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 onGlass Apparatus.Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originallyapproved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as E 193 94 (1999).2Committee on Microchemical Apparatus, Divis
13、ion of Analytical Chemistry,American Chemical Society. “Report on Recommended Specifications for Micro-chemical Apparatus, Volumetric Glassware, Flasks, Pipets, and Centrifuge Tubes.”Analytical Chemistry, Vol 28, 1956, p. 1993.3Committee on Microchemical Apparatus, Division of Analytical Chemistry,A
14、merican Chemical Society. “Report on Recommended Specifications for Micro-chemical Apparatus, Volumetric Glassware, Microlitre Pipets.” Analytical Chemis-try, Vol 30, 1958, p. 1702.4Committee on Microchemical Apparatus, Division of Analytical Chemistry,American Chemical Society. “Report on Recommend
15、ed Specifications for Micro-chemical Apparatus, Volumetric Glassware, Micropipets.” Analytical Chemistry,Vol 32, 1960, p. 1045.5For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information
16、, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.6Steyermark, A., Quantitative Organic Microanalysis, 2nd Ed., Academic Press,New York, NY, 1961.7Folin, O., Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol 77, 1928, p. 421.8Grant, J., Quantitative Organic Microanalysis Based on Methods of Fritz
17、 Pregl,5th Ed., Blakiston Co., Philadelphia, PA 1951, p. 34.9Alber, H. K., Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Analytical Edition, Vol 12,1940, p. 764.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.amounts of volatile, viscous or
18、hygroscopic liquids. Thedecigram size has a capacity of 100 L and is especiallysuitable for highly viscous liquids. The centigram size has acapacity of 40 to 80 L and the milligram size has a capacityof 10 to 30 L. The centigram and milligram sizes aregraduated in 1-mm divisions, and can be used eve
19、n when thetotal amount of sample available is less than the maximumcapacity of the micropipet. The sample may occupy anyportion of the graduated stem, thereby eliminating the neces-sity of making a precise adjustment to a fixed calibration mark.8. Microlitre Pipets (“to contain”)8.1 The microlitre p
20、ipets3,6are specified in 25 capacitiesand shall conform to the requirements shown in Fig. 5 (1 to5-L capacities) and Fig. 6 (5 to 1000-L capacities). Thedimensions of these pipets are such that they may be used withLiningCapacity, mLSubdivision,mLInterval Graduated,mLRing at Each,mLHalf Ringat Each,
21、 mLNumber at 0and Each mLTolerance, 6,mL0.2 0.01 0 to 0.18 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.0050.5 0.01 0 to 0.45 0.05 0.01 0.1 0.011 0.02 0 to 0.90 0.1 0.02 0.1 0.022 0.05 0 to 1.75 0.25 0.05 0.5 0.043 0.05 0 to 2.70 0.25 0.05 0.5 0.06Notes:1. No graduations shall appear in tapered portion.2. Tip may be tapered at
22、 junction with body, but outside diameter at this point may not exceed 4.5 mm.3. Tip outlet shall be glazed, with least possible constriction.4. Calibrated to deliver at 20C, touching off last drop.FIG. 1 Micropipets with Cylindrical TipE 193 94 (2005)2micro volumetric flasks.2 ,5Complete delivery o
23、f the volumeindicated by the graduation mark on the pipets is obtained byrinsing out several times any solution adhering to the innersurface with wash liquid drawn up from the tip.9. Sampling and Testing9.1 Refer to Specification E 1157.10. Packaging10.1 Select from Specification E 920, E 921 or E 1
24、133.11. Keywords11.1 glass; micropipetsFIG. 2 Micropipets, Folin-TypeE 193 94 (2005)3FIG. 3 Micro Washout Pipets, Pregl-TypeE 193 94 (2005)4FIG. 4 Micro Weighing Pipets, Density-Type (Pycnometers)Capacity, LAOver-all Length, mm ID Tubing, mm B D at End, mm CMin CapacitySafety Bulb, LVolume Tol-eranc
25、e,B6 %1 140 6 5 0.12to0.16 0.10to0.20 50 12 1406 5 0.16to0.25 0.15to0.25 50 13 140 6 5 0.20to0.28 0.15to0.25 50 14 140 6 5 0.24to0.32 0.15to0.25 50 1ACalibrated to contain.BCloser volumetric standardization shall be carried out by the operator with substances under actual conditions of use.FIG. 5 Mi
26、crolitre Pipets (1 to 4-L Capacities)E 193 94 (2005)5ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent ri
27、ghts, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either fo
28、r revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearin
29、g you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard ma
30、y be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).Delivery SystemCapacity,LAOver-allLength,mmOD Tubing,mm AID Tubing,mm BID at End,mm CApproximateLength,mm DMax OD,mm EMinLength,
31、mm FWall atEnd,mm GMinCapacitySafetyBulb, LVolumeToler-ance,B6 %5 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 6 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.56 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.57 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.58 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.1
32、5 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.59 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.18 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.510 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.20 to 0.35 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.515 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.25 to 0.40 0.15 to 0.25 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.520 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.25 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to
33、0.7 50 0.525 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.25 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.535 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.25 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.350 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.35 to 0.50 0.25 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.360 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.40 to 0.55 0.30 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 50 0.375 140 6 5 5 t
34、o 6 0.40 to 0.60 0.30 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 75 0.3100 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.50 to 0.75 0.30 to 0.50 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 75 0.3150 140 6 5 5 to 6 0.75 to 1.00 0.40 to 0.60 65 4 55 0.5 to 0.7 100 0.3200 145 6 10 5 to 6 0.75 to 1.00 0.40 to 0.60 65 4 55 0.6 to 0.8 100 0.2250 145 6 10 5 to 6 0.75 to 1.00
35、 0.40 to 0.60 65 4 55 0.6 to 0.8 100 0.2300 145 6 10 5 to 6 0.75 to 1.00 0.40 to 0.70 65 4 55 0.6 to 0.8 200 0.2400 150 6 10 6 to 7 1.00 to 1.25 0.40 to 0.70 70 6 60 0.6 to 0.8 200 0.2500 160 6 10 6 to 7 1.25 to 1.50 0.40 to 0.70 70 6 60 0.6 to 0.8 200 0.21000 170 6 10 7 to 8 2.00 to 2.25 0.40 to 0.70 80 7 60 0.6 to 0.8 300 0.2ACalibrated to contain.BCloser volumetric standardization shall be carried out by the operator with substances under actual conditions of use.FIG. 6 Microlitre Pipets (5 to 1000-L Capacities)E 193 94 (2005)6
