1、Designation: E2112 18Standard Practice forInstallation of Exterior Windows, Doors and Skylights1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2112; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis document is intended to provide technical guidance to organizations that are developingtraining programs for installers of fenest
3、ration units in low-rise residential and light commercialstructures. The majority of fenestration units selected for installation in these types of structures arecertified as meeting specified performance characteristics in standardized laboratory testing. Experi-ence indicates, however, that the pe
4、rformance of fenestration installations is frequently significantlyinferior to the performance of the manufactured units in laboratory testing. Installation of fenestrationunits can significantly influence in-service performance.The requirements promulgated in this practice have, by consensus, (of i
5、ndividuals with specializedknowledge concerning installation of fenestration units) been identified as necessary to ensure thatas-installed performance is roughly equivalent to performance in laboratory testing. The task groupresponsible for development of this practice recognizes that building owne
6、rs sometimes, accept asadequate, in-service performance of fenestration installations that are significantly inferior those of theunits in laboratory testing. This practice is not intended for use in such circumstances, where ownerexpectations are modest. The intent of this practice is to provide gu
7、idance to those concerned withensuring that as-installed performance is comparable to the capabilities of the units installed for a solidmajority of installations.A particularly noticeable behavior that indicates deficiencies in installation is rainwater leakage.Rainwater leakage has been the leadin
8、g reason for dissatisfaction of building owners with performanceof fenestration installations. For this reason, this practice places greater emphasis on preventing orlimiting rainwater leakage than on any other single performance characteristic.This practice emphasizes that the water-shedding surfac
9、es of fenestration units must be adequatelyintegrated with adjacent water-shedding surfaces of the building envelope. It does not, however,attempt to promulgate requirements for water-shedding surfaces of building envelopes other thanthose interfacing with fenestration units. The standard assumes th
10、at the basic design of the buildingswater-shedding system is adequate, that is, that either (1) there is a high probability that the outermostbuilding surface will dependably prevent all water entry, or (2) the building envelope incorporates aneffective concealed barrier that will dependably prevent
11、 further intrusion of incidental water thatbreaches the outermost surface. The practice further assumes that fenestration units can be dependablysealed to, and integrated with, at least one of these surfaces. If the basic design of the buildingswater-shedding system is inadequate, or does not allow
12、for reliable integration of fenestration unitsinto it, competent installation of the units is unlikely to nullify these deficiencies.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the installation of fenestrationproducts in new and existing construction. For the purpose ofthis practice, fenestration products shal
13、l be limited to windows,sliding patio-type doors, swinging patio type doors, andskylights, as used primarily in residential and light commercialbuildings.1.2 This practice assumes that the installer possesses basicwoodworking skills and an understanding of wall and roofconstruction, sheet metal work
14、, and joint sealant practices.1.3 This practice attempts to instruct and familiarize theinstaller with the concepts of both Barrier Systems and1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.51 onPerform
15、ance of Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls.Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E2112 07 (2016).DOI: 10.1520/E2112-18.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoh
16、ocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organ
17、ization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1Membrane/Drainage Systems, in order to ensure the continuityof the building envelope. This practice attempts to educate theinstaller, builder, architect, and other users in the identificationand understanding of the water shedding system of the bu
18、ildingenvelope.1.4 This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation procedures through post-installation procedures,for single units or factory-mulled multiple units in a singleopening. It does not cover the fabrication or assembly ofmultiple units, whether such fabrication takes
19、place in a factoryor at the intended installation site. The installer should checkwith the manufacturer of factory-assembled units for instruc-tions for anchoring. When using field-mulled units, followmanufacturers recommendations and make certain that theymeet applicable codes. This practice does n
20、ot cover theselection of appropriate fenestration products for a givenapplication, nor the selection of other products or systems foruse in the installation.1.5 This practice provides minimum requirements that willhelp to accomplish the installation of fenestration products inan effective manner.Act
21、ual conditions in buildings vary greatlyand, in some cases, substantial additional precautions may berequired. In the event that the manufacturers installationinstructions provided with the product conflict with require-ments of this practice, the manufacturers instructions shallprevail. This practi
22、ce is not intended to limit or exclude othernew procedures that may refine or further improve the effec-tiveness of fenestration installation.1.5.1 This practice is intended to be used for backgroundinformation in order to develop training manuals and trainingprograms. Further, this practice attempt
23、s to consolidate andunify the various steps of construction, tying together thevarious trades involved with the continuity between fenestra-tion products and the building envelope.1.6 The text of this practice references notes and footnotesthat provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
24、(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of this practice.1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considere
25、d standard.1.8 This standard has not been created to address all issuesrelated to every possible installation situation one mightexperience in the field. Furthermore, this practice does notpurport to provide fail-safe installation methods, assurance orprotection against installation deficiencies, or
26、 a standard bywhich architects can specify or ensure delivered performance.NOTE 1There are no ISO standards covering the primary subjectmatter of this practice.1.9 This practice does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the use
27、r of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and todetermine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior touse. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 5,Related Procedures. Where a lead hazard is known orsuspected, refer to ASTM Standards
28、 on Lead Hazards Associ-ated with Buildings and to applicable state and federal regula-tions. Where an asbestos hazard is known or suspected, refer tothe ASTM Manual on Asbestos Control, and to applicable stateand federal regulations.1.10 Table of Contents:SectionScope 1Table of Contents 1.10Referen
29、ced Documents 2Terminology 3Definitions 3.1Description of Terms Specific to this Standard 3.2Abbreviations 3.3Significance and Use 4Related Issues and Procedures 5Continuity with the Weather Barrier Systems 5.1Joints and Anchorages 5.2Moisture Entrapment 5.3Weather Resistant Barrier 5.4Weatherabilit
30、y 5.5Construction Sequence 5.6Construction Damage 5.7Inspection 5.8Rough Opening 5.9Rough Opening Size 5.9.1Insulating or Filling the Rough Opening Gap 5.9.2Materials Protection 5.10Cleaning and Maintenance 5.11Dissimilar Materials 5.12Flashing Requirements 5.13Fastening Systems/Anchorage 5.14Shimmi
31、ng 5.15Panning Systems and Subsills for Weatherability 5.16Pre-Installation Procedures 5.17SealantsSelection and Use 5.18Window Cleaner Anchors and Related SafetyHardware5.19Continuity Between the Fenestration Products andOther Components of the Building Envelope6Water Shedding Strategies of Wall an
32、d Roof Systems 7Concept of Surface Barrier Systems andMembrane/Drainage Systems7.1Surface Barrier Systems 7.1.1Membrane/Drainage Systems 7.1.2Identification of Systems 7.2Installation Methods For Windows 8Windows in Walls Utilizing a Membrane/DrainageSystem8.1Windows with Perimeter Mounting Flanges(
33、Nail Fins) in Drainage TypeWall Construction8.1.1Flange Types 8.1.1.1Selection of Installation Method 8.1.1.2Method A 8.1.1.3.1Method B 8.1.1.3.2Method A1 8.1.1.3.3Method B1 8.1.1.3.4Non-Finned Windows in Membrane/DrainageType Walls8.1.2Windows in Walls Utilizing a Barrier Wall System(Sealant Method
34、)8.2Windows in Walls Utilizing an Exterior Barrier System(EIFS or Direct Applied)8.3Special Considerations 8.4Aluminum Framed Windows 8.4.1Vinyl Framed Windows 8.4.2Replacement Window Installation 8.5Partial Window Replacement for Existing IntegralFlange Windows8.5.1Partial Replacement of Mill Shop
35、Wood Windows 8.5.2Complete Window Replacement 8.5.3Destructive Window Replacement (Fin Type) 8.5.3.1Non-Destructive Window Replacement(Non-Fin Type)8.5.3.2E2112 182Installation Methods for Doors 9Doors in Walls Utilizing a Membrane/Drainage System 9.1Doors with Perimeter Mounting Flanges(Nailing Fin
36、s) in Drainage TypeWall Construction9.1.1Flange Types 9.1.1.1Selection of Installation Method 9.1.1.2Method A 9.1.1.4.1Method B 9.1.1.4.2Method A1 9.1.1.4.3Method B1 9.1.1.4.4Hinged Swing (Non-finned) Doors in Membrane/Drainage Type Walls9.1.2Installation Methods for Skylights 10Product Types 10.1Fl
37、ashing Procedures 10.2Aluminum/Copper Sheet Flashing 10.3Aluminum/Copper Step Flashing (Fabricated orEngineered)10.4Membrane Flashing 10.5Post-Installation Procedures 11Keywords 12Air Barrier Foam Sealant Used in the RoughOpening GapAnnex A1Emergency Escape and Rescue Requirements Annex A2Minimum He
38、ight Requirements for Interior Height ofPan FlashingAnnex A3Sealants Annex A4Window/Door Flashing Types Appendix X1Cautions for Installation Appendix X2Bibliography/Other Referenced Installation Guides Appendix X31.11 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally reco
39、gnized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A123/A123M Specifica
40、tion for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized)Coatings on Iron and Steel ProductsB456 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of CopperPlus Nickel Plus Chromium and Nickel Plus ChromiumB663/B663M Specification for Silver-Tungsten CarbideElectrical Contact MaterialB766 Specification for Electrodeposited Coat
41、ings of Cad-miumC717 Terminology of Building Seals and SealantsC755 Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders forThermal InsulationC794 Test Method forAdhesion-in-Peel of Elastomeric JointSealantsC834 Specification for Latex SealantsC920 Specification for Elastomeric Joint SealantsC1085 Specif
42、ication for Butyl Rubber Based Solvent-Release Sealants (Withdrawn 1997)3C1193 Guide for Use of Joint SealantsC1281 Specification for Preformed Tape Sealants for Glaz-ing ApplicationsC1299 Guide for Use in Selection of Liquid-Applied Seal-ants (Withdrawn 2012)3C1311 Specification for Solvent Release
43、 SealantsC1382 Test Method for Determining TensileAdhesion Prop-erties of Sealants When Used in Exterior Insulation andFinish Systems (EIFS) JointsC1397 Practice for Application of Class PB Exterior Insula-tion and Finish Systems (EIFS) and EIFS with DrainageD779 Test Method for Determining the Wate
44、r Vapor Resis-tance of Sheet Materials in Contact with Liquid Water bythe Dry Indicator MethodD1970/D1970M Specification for Self-Adhering PolymerModified Bituminous Sheet Materials Used as SteepRoofing Underlayment for Ice Dam ProtectionD2822/D2822M Specification for Asphalt Roof Cement,Asbestos-Co
45、ntaining (Withdrawn 2016)3E283 Test Method for Determining Rate of Air LeakageThrough Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and DoorsUnder Specified Pressure Differences Across the Speci-menE331 Test Method for Water Penetration of ExteriorWindows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uni-form Static A
46、ir Pressure DifferenceE547 Test Method for Water Penetration of ExteriorWindows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by CyclicStatic Air Pressure DifferenceE631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE783 Test Method for Field Measurement of Air LeakageThrough Installed Exterior Windows and DoorsE1105
47、 Test Method for Field Determination of Water Pen-etration of Installed Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors,and Curtain Walls, by Uniform or Cyclic Static AirPressure Difference2.2 AAMA Standards:4502 Voluntary Specification for Field Testing of Windowsand Doors711 Voluntary Specification for SelfAdh
48、ering Flashing Usedfor Installation of Exterior Wall Fenestration Products712 Voluntary Specification for Mechanically AttachedFlexible Flashing713 Voluntary Test Method to Determine Chemical Compat-ibility of Sealants and Self-Adhered Flexible Flashings714 Voluntary Specification for Liquid Applied
49、 FlashingUsed to Create a Water Resistive Seal around ExteriorWall Openings in Buildings800 Voluntary Specifications and Test Methods for Sealants808.3 Voluntary Specifications for Exterior Perimeter Seal-ing Compounds809.2 Voluntary Specification for Non Drying Sealant850 Fenestration Sealants Guide Manual2.3 ANSI/AAMA/WDMA Standard:4101/I.S.2 Voluntary Specifications for Aluminum, Vinyl(PVC) and Wood Windows and Glass Doors2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards
