1、BRITISH STANDARD BS3130-5: 1994 Glossary of Packaging terms Part 5: Plastics and flexible packaging (excluding paper) UDC 670.06:621.798:001.4BS3130-5:1994 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Packaging and Freight Containers Standards Policy Committee, was published
2、under the authority ofthe Standards Board and comesinto effect on 15July1994 BSI 08-1999 First published June1959 Second edition July1976 Third edition July1994 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PKM/1 Draft for comment93/301612 DC ISBN 0 580 22691
3、3 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Packaging and Freight Containers Standards Policy Committee (PKM/-) to Technical Committee PKM/1, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Drum Manufacturers Briti
4、sh Glass Manufacturers Confederation Department of Trade and Industry (Laboratory of the Government Chemist) Metal Packaging Manufacturers Association Ministry of Defence Pira International Process Plant Association Timber Packaging and Pallet Confederation Amendments issued since publication Amd. N
5、o. Date CommentsBS3130-5:1994 BSI 08-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii Glossary 1BS3130-5:1994 ii BSI 08-1999 Foreword This Part of BS3130 has been prepared under the direction of the Packaging and Freight Containers Standards Policy Committee and is a revisi
6、on of BS3130-5:1976, which is withdrawn. In this revision many terms have been deleted as no longer relevant, additional terms have been included where appropriate and a number of definitions have been revised. In other Parts of BS3130 the terms have been arranged so that related subjects are groupe
7、d together. In this Part the terms included are so diverse, with many being general in application, that it was decided to list them purely alphabetically. Each term has a four digit number consisting of a Part number (one digit) followed by a space, with the remaining three digits indicating the po
8、sition of the term within the Part. Italicized words in definitions indicate terms that are defined elsewhere in this glossary. Terms of more than one word, e.g.“blown film” are written in the direct style. Generally terms are given in the singular, even when the plural form is more common. Terms wh
9、ich are preferred are given first, followed by alternative terms, separated by semicolons, e.g.cold seal; cohesive seal. Abbreviations of terms are given in parentheses where these are in common usage in the industry. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a c
10、ontract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to7 and a back cover.
11、 This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS3130-5:1994 BSI 08-1999 1 Glossary No. Term Definition 5 001 anchoring The securing of a surface coating to a base material in such
12、 a way that the coating is resistant to removal. 5 002 anti-fog A material or agent which reduces the tendency of a film or material to appear cloudy in a high humidity atmosphere by promoting the deposition of a continuous film of moisture. 5 003 antistatic agent An agent to dissipate static electr
13、icity on plastics surfaces. 5 004 aseptic packaging A technique for producing shelf-stable food products in which packaging and product are sterilized separately and brought together in a sterile environment. 5 005 bag-in-box Packaging, generally for liquid products, consisting of a flexible, collap
14、sible, sealed bag of film or laminate in a rigid outer container, typically of fibreboard. The bag is fitted with a closure and a spout through which it can be filled or emptied. 5 006 barrier layer A layer of material that provides a physical obstacle to the passage of solids, liquids or gases. 5 0
15、07 bead seal A seal in the form of a bead which is formed when plastics bags are heat sealed or cut one from another by a hot wire, due to surface tension in the melted plastics. 5 008 blister pack A pack which encloses an article between a thermoformed plastics sheet or a cold formed foil laminate
16、sheet and a heat seal coated backing board or foil sheet. 5 009 blocking An undesired adhesion between layers of a material in contact, such as may occur under moderate pressure during storage or use. 5 010 blown film A film made by extruding a tube of plastics material which is then blown to form a
17、 bubble. NOTEThe bubble can be slit to produce a flat sheet or can be formed directly into bags or sacks. 5 011 boil-in bag A bag made from water-resistant flexible film or laminate containing food that can be cooked by immersing the unopened bag in boiling water for the required period. 5 012 bubbl
18、e film A type of cushioning material consisting of two layers of plastics film between which regularly spaced air bubbles are formed. It is usually supplied in roll form. 5 013 butt welding Formation of a joint by welding abutting edges without overlapping. 5 014 calendered film A film manufactured
19、by passing heat softened plastics material between two or more nip-rollers to produce a continuous film. 5 015 capsule 1) A secondary seal used to protect a primary closure against tampering. 2) A small tube, typically enclosing medication.BS3130-5:1994 2 BSI 08-1999 No. Term Definition 5 016 cast f
20、ilm A film made by pouring a solution of a plastics material in a solvent onto a moving drum thus forming a thin film of material as the solvent evaporates. This can also be produced by extruding molten thermoplastics material onto the drum. 5 017 child resistant packaging (CRP) A package which requ
21、ires two or more sequential or combined operations to be opened and to which, in testing,80% of children in a specified age group cannot gain access. 5 018 coefficient of friction The ratio of the force required to move one surface over another to the force pressing the two surfaces together. NOTETh
22、is is a measure of how easily two surfaces move against each other. 5 019 co-extrusion The simultaneous extrusion of two or more layers of thermoplastics materials under heat and pressure through a die to form a multilayer structure. 5 020 co-polymer A resin resulting from the polymerization of two
23、or more monomers. 5 021 coating A layer applied to a surface to alter the performance or properties of the surface. NOTEFor example a polyvinylidene chloride (PVdC) coating can be applied to increase the gas and vapour barrier properties of cellulose film or the seal performance of plastics film. 5
24、022 cold seal; cohesive seal A seal made by an adhesive which bonds only to itself, requiring only contact pressure and no heat. 5 023 collapsible tube; flexibletube A cylindrical container of flexible material with an integral shoulder and neck opening which is usually filled through the bottom and
25、 then closed by sealing and folding. 5 024 composite container 1) A rigid container which is made from a mix of materials, often fibreboard combined with metal or plastics. 2) A packaging comprising a rigid outer casing and a plastics inner receptacle constructed so that they form one integral unit,
26、 filled, stored, transported and emptied as such. 5 025 corona treatment An electrical discharge treatment for surfaces which improves the subsequent adhesion of printing ink or coating by increasing the polarity of the surface. 5 026 crimp seal A seal formed by pressing materials together between c
27、orrugated or knurled surfaces, which may be heated, producing a characteristic ridge-and-furrow appearance. 5 027 cross direction; transversedirection The direction in the plane of a sheet that is at right angles to the direction of flow during manufacture. 5 028 cross laminated film A laminated fil
28、m in which the layers are orientated at right angles to each other with respect to the direction of manufacture. NOTEThe process of cross lamination is often carried out to increase mechanical strength. 5 029 cross-linking Treatment by means of radiation or chemicals to link the long chain molecules
29、 of thermoplastics polymers to improve properties such as water vapour transmission rate and strength.BS3130-5:1994 BSI 08-1999 3 No. Term Definition 5 030 dead fold The ability of a material to recover after being folded. 5 031 delamination The separation of laminate layers, usually caused by inade
30、quate adhesion, mechanical disruption or aggressive chemicals. 5 032 dry lamination A process in which one substrate is extrusion coated from a die and immediately combined with a second, the coating forming the bond between the two. 5 033 dual ovenable package A package durable to heating in either
31、 a microwave or conventional oven. 5 034 easy open pack A retail pack having design features making it readily openable by the consumer. 5 035 extrusion blow moulding A moulding formed by the extrusion of heat-softened plastics through a die to form a tube. This tube is captured by the two halves of
32、 the bottle blow mould. A blow pin is then inserted through which air enters and expands the molten tube to conform to the chilled mould. 5 036 extrusion coating The coating of a base material (substrate) with a thin layer of thermoplastics material applied by an extrusion die. 5 037 extrusion lamin
33、ation A lamination process in which the base material is extrusion coated while a laminate is simultaneously applied. 5 038 film A non-fibrous, non-metallic material normally less than2504m thick. 5 039 fin seam; fin seal A seam in which the inner surface of both edges of the film are sealed togethe
34、r leaving a fin-like protuberance. 5 040 flame sealing The welding of plastics films by a gas flame. 5 041 flame treatment A surface treatment which burns off surface contaminants and oxidizes the surface, used to improve adhesion of printing inks. 5 042 fluorination The modification of a plastics s
35、urface by exposure to fluorine gas, used to improve the barrier properties of plastics containers to solvents. 5 043 foamed plastics; cellularplastics A plastics structure containing a matrix of gas filled cells. 5 044 fogging The clouding of a packaging film due to condensation of water droplets. N
36、OTESee also5 002 anti-fog. 5 045 foil A rolled metallic material normally less than2004m thick. 5 046 form-fill-seal machine A machine which automatically forms a package or pouch, dispenses product into the pouch and then seals it. Machines can be vertical or horizontal in configuration. 5 047 fric
37、tion welding; spinwelding The process of fusing two surfaces by forcing them together while one of the pair is spinning or reciprocally moving, until frictional heat melts the interface. 5 048 gas transmission The movement of gas through materials. NOTEValues are expressed in terms of area, thicknes
38、s of film, partial pressure gradient, relative humidity and time.BS3130-5:1994 4 BSI 08-1999 No. Term Definition 5 049 gauge A unit of measurement for the thickness of a material where1 gauge=10 5inch a . 5 050 heat sealing Joining by fusion using heat and pressure to melt sealant layers and produce
39、 bonding. 5 051 homopolymer A polymer made up of one type of monomer. 5 052 hot tack The ability of a material or adhesive system to sustain stress at high temperatures. 5 053 impulse sealing A sealing method which uses heat generated by an impulse of electric current flowing through a sealing head
40、to melt sealant layers and produce bonding. 5 054 in mould labelling A process for labelling containers in which precut labels coated with heat seal adhesive are placed in the mould before a plastics material is moulded. The adhesive is activated by the heat of the molten plastics material and thus
41、adheres to the container. 5 055 injection blow moulding A two stage process in which a preform is injection moulded and then transferred to a blow mould cavity (either in line or a separate stage). Air is then passed into the core rod to stretch and blow the final container. 5 056 intermediate bulk
42、container (IBC) A primary packaging with a capacity of3m 3 (3000l) or less, intended to contain liquids, pastes or solids (e.g.powders or granules) and designed to be handled mechanically. 5 057 ionomer A plastics resin, the linear molecules of which feature, at regular intervals, chemically reactiv
43、e areas where the polymer chains are bound to each other by metallic ions (ionic bonds). The chains are thus linked laterally. 5 058 L-ring drum A blow moulded drum with integral rings in the shape of the letter L at the chimb. 5 059 laminate The product of combining the complete surfaces of two or
44、more substrates. 5 060 laminated tube A collapsible tube made from a laminated material which is normally closed by heat sealing. 5 061 lap joint A joint formed by overlapping plastics film(s) using adhesive or a heat seal. NOTEThis can only be used where both surfaces of the film(s) are capable of
45、accepting the same adhesive or of being heat sealed. 5 062 machine direction; longitudinal direction The direction in the plane of a sheet that is parallel to the direction of flow during manufacture. 5 063 melt flow index (MFI) A measure of the fluidity of a molten thermoplastics material under spe
46、cific conditions of temperature and applied force. NOTEIn practice, the lower the MFI of a thermoplastics material, the more difficult the material may be to process. 5 064 metallizing The deposition of a very thin metal coating onto a film by evaporation of molten metal (usually aluminium) in a hig
47、h vacuum chamber. 5 065 micro-porous plastics film A packaging film which is porous to gas but prevents ingress of micro-organisms. a 1inch=0.254m.BS3130-5:1994 BSI 08-1999 5 No. Term Definition 5 066 microwaveable packaging 1) Passive. A packaging material which is transparent to microwave energy a
48、nd heat stable thus allowing food products to heat in a microwave field. 2) Active. A packaging material in which microwave opaque features reflect, re-direct, shield or absorb microwave energy. 5 067 migration The transfer of substances (migrants) from packaging material into the packaged product.
49、NOTEA distinction is made between: a) global migration, which is the sum of all migrants (identified or not); and b) specific migration, which is the transfer of specific constituents. Migration can occur spontaneously (by movement of monomers and/or volatiles), or by contact with the product (through leaching). 5 068 modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) A packaging system in which the atmosphere inside a package, introduced during the packaging operation, is a specific mixture of gases (CO 2 , N 2 , O 2 ) selected to extend the shelf life of perishable foods (usually und
