1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6043-2.11: 1995 ISO 9406:1995 Methods of sampling and test for Carbonaceous materials used in aluminium manufacture Part 2: Electrode coke Section 2.11 Determination of volatile matter content NOTEIt is recommended that this Section be read in conjunction with the general informa
2、tion in BS 6043-2.0, published separately.BS6043-2.11:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Materials andSector Board, was publishedunder the authority ofthe Standards Board and comesinto effect on 15September1995 BSI 10-1999 1st edition August 1989 2nd edition S
3、eptember 1995 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CII/24 Draft for comment 87/53936 DC ISBN 0 580 24506 3 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/24, Raw mater
4、ials for the aluminium industry, upon which the following bodies were represented: Aluminium Federation British Ceramic Research Ltd. Chemical Industries Association Institute of Petroleum Refractories Association of Great Britain Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS6043-2.11
5、:1995 BSI 10-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Principle 1 4 Apparatus 1 5 Sampling and sample 2 6 Procedure 2 7 Expression of results 2 8 Test report 2 Figure 1 1 Figure 2 3 List of references Inside back coverBS
6、6043-2.11:1995 ii BSI 10-1999 National foreword This Section of BS6043has been prepared by Technical Committee CII/24 and is identical with ISO 9406:1995 Carbonaceous materials for the production of aluminium Green coke Determination of volatile matter content by gravimetric analysis, published by t
7、he International Standards Organization (ISO) and in the preparation of which the UK played a full part. This British Standard is a revision of BS 6043-2.11:1989 which is withdrawn. The main changes in this edition are revisions to Figure 1 and to clause 8. Part2of BS6043comprises the following seri
8、es of methods of test for electrode coke: With reference to 5.2, a sieve of nominal mesh aperture2504m complying with BS 410:1986 Specification for test sieves, may be used. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are resp
9、onsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Section Subject Identical with 2.1 Sampling ISO 6375 2.2 Ash content of green and calcined cokes ISO 8005 2.3 Ash analysis (AAS) no equivalent InternationalStandard 2.
10、4 Ash analysis (XRF) 2.5 Apparent density and porosity a 2.6 Density (xylene method) ISO 8004 2.7 Off content (gravimetric method) ISO 6997 2.8 Oil content (extraction method) ISO 8723 2.9 Sieve analysis a 2.10 Electrical resistivity a 2.11 Volatile matter content ISO 9406 2.12 Partical-size distrib
11、ution of fine coke (laserdiffraction method) no equivalent InternationalStandard a In preparation. Cross-references International Standard Corresponding British Standard BS ISO 5725 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results ISO 5725-1:1994 Part 1:1994 General principles an
12、d definitions (Identical) ISO 5725-2:1994 Part 2:1994 Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method (Identical) ISO 6375:1980 BS 6043 Methods of sampling and test for carbonaceous materials used in aluminium manufacture Part 2 Electrode coke
13、 Section 2.1:1985 Sampling (Identical) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indica
14、ted in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS6043-2.11:1995 BSI 10-1999 1 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the determination, by gravimetric analysis, of the volatile matter in green coke used in the production of aluminium. The method is applicable to green cokes
15、 having volatile matter contents greater than1% (m/m). 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subje
16、ct to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 565:1990, Test
17、 sieves Metal wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings. ISO 5725-1:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 1: General principles and definitions. ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement meth
18、ods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method. ISO 6375:1980, Carbonaceous materials for the production of aluminium Coke for electrodes Sampling. 3 Principle A test portion is heated in a crucible at a specified temp
19、erature and the loss in mass determined. The volatile matter content is then calculated as a percentage by mass. 4 Apparatus Ordinary laboratory apparatus, and 4.1 Silica crucibles, ten, undamaged, of mass10g to15g, with ground lids and with the dimensions shown in Figure 1. 4.2 Electric muffle furn
20、ace, with horizontal heating elements and capable of being maintained at a temperature of900 C 20 C, with useful heating chamber dimensions as follows: and with a central opening in the door to allow a thermocouple to be inserted. 4.3 Temperature-measuring device, with thermo-couple, range0 C to1000
21、 C 10 C. 4.4 Crucible stand, made of heat-resistant steel, for6crucibles, with the dimensions shown in Figure 2. 4.5 Electric oven, capable of being maintained at120 C 5 C. Figure 1 height: 100 mm; width: 230 mm; length: 350 mm,BS6043-2.11:1995 2 BSI 10-1999 5 Sampling and sample 5.1 Sampling Carry
22、out sampling of the green coke in accordance with the procedure specified in ISO 6375. 5.2 Preparation of test sample Crush approximately200g of the laboratory sample in a mortar (see ISO 6375) and pass through a sieve of nominal mesh aperture2504m (see ISO 565). Dry the crushed and sieved product i
23、n the electric oven (4.5) to constant mass at a temperature of120 C 5 C. 6 Procedure 6.1 Test portions Heat six of the crucibles (4.1), with their lids, for about1h in the electric muffle furnace (4.2), maintained at a temperature of about900 C. Allow them to cool to ambient temperature in a desicca
24、tor and weigh each of them, without their lids, to the nearest1mg. Weigh into each crucible, to the nearest1mg, a test portion of approximately1g from the dried test sample (5.2). 6.2 Checking the furnace temperature control The furnace shall be checked at least once every3months, as follows: Insert
25、 the crucible stand (4.4) with empty crucibles(4.1) into the furnace, pre-heated to900 C 20 C. Close the door immediately. Measure the temperature in the furnace by inserting the thermocouple (4.3) through the central opening of the door, with the measuring point near the centre of the furnace. Set
26、the furnace temperature control device in such a way that the temperature comes back to900 C 20C3min to4min after introducing the crucible stand. 6.3 Determination Tap the silica crucibles containing the test portions(6.1) gently on to a flat surface a few times to smooth the samples, close the cruc
27、ibles with the lids and then insert them into the crucible stand. During coking, the crucible stand shall be full of crucibles in order that the heating rate, once set, is maintained. Fill any empty spaces in the crucible stand with empty crucibles. Put the crucible stand into the furnace, preheated
28、 to900 C 20 C, as quickly as possible. After7min 5s, remove the crucible stand from the furnace. Place the crucibles on a cold base for3min. Then place them in a desiccator and leave for30min. Reweigh to the nearest1mg. Take two test portions from each representative sample. Where a silica crucible
29、is found to have become damaged, reject the result and repeat the determination for that test sample. 7 Expression of results 7.1 Method of calculation Calculate the volatile matter content, expressed as a percentage by mass, from the formula where Report, to the nearest0,1%, the mean value of two d
30、uplicate determinations. 7.2 Precision (in accordance with ISO 5725) r (repeatability) =0,2% (m/m) R (reproducibility) =0,7% (m/m) 8 Test report The test report shall include the following particulars: a) all details necessary for the identification of the sample; b) a reference to this Internationa
31、l Standard; c) the results and the units in which they are expressed; d) any unusual features noted during the determination; e) any operation not included in this International Standard or in the International Standards to which reference is made, as well as any operation regarded as optional. m 0
32、is the mass, in grams, of the test portion(6.1); m 1 is the mass, in grams, of the residue. m 0 m 1 m 0 -100 BS6043-2.11:1995 BSI 10-1999 3 Figure 2 4 blankBS6043-2.11:1995 BSI 10-1999 List of references See national foreword.BS 6043-2.11: 1995 ISO 9406:1995 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL
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