1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 17491-1:2012Protective clothing Testmethods for clothing providingprotection against chemicalsPart 1: Determination of resistance tooutward leakage of gases (internal pres
2、suretest)BS ISO 17491-1:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 17491-1:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PH/3/3, Chemical, Biological, Radioactive and NuclearPersonal Protective Equipment.A list of or
3、ganizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 201
4、2ISBN 978 0 580 65183 0ICS 13.340.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 17491-1
5、:2012 ISO 2012Protective clothing Test methods for clothing providing protection against chemicals Part 1: Determination of resistance to outward leakage of gases (internal pressure test)Vtements de protection Mthodes dessai pour les vtements fournissant une protection contre les produits chimiques
6、Partie 1: Dtermination de la rsistance aux fuites des gaz vers lextrieur (essai de pression interne)INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO17491-1First edition2012-03-15Reference numberISO 17491-1:2012(E)BS ISO 17491-1:2012ISO 17491-1:2012(E)ii ISO 2012 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012All
7、rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of
8、 the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 17491-1:2012ISO 17491-1:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federatio
9、n of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.
10、 International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance wit
11、h the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approva
12、l by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 17491-1 was prepared by Technical Committee
13、 ISO/TC 94, Personal safety Protective clothing and equipment, Subcommittee SC 13, Protective clothing.This edition of ISO 17491-1, together with ISO 17491-2, ISO 17491-3, ISO 17491-4 and ISO 17491-5, cancels and replaces ISO 17491:2002 which has been technically revised.ISO 17491 consists of the fo
14、llowing parts, under the general title Protective clothing Test methods for clothing providing protection against chemicals: Part 1: Determination of resistance to outward leakage of gases (internal pressure test) Part 2: Determination of resistance to inward leakage of aerosols and gases (inward le
15、akage test) Part 3: Determination of resistance to penetration by a jet of liquid (jet test) Part 4: Determination of resistance to penetration by a spray of liquid (spray test) Part 5: Determination of resistance to penetration by a spray of liquid (manikin spray test) ISO 2012 All rights reserved
16、iiiBS ISO 17491-1:2012ISO 17491-1:2012(E)IntroductionChemical protective clothing is worn in conjunction with appropriate respiratory protective devices in order to isolate the body of the wearer from the environment. Several tests exist for determining the resistance of chemical protective clothing
17、 materials to either the permeation or penetration of gaseous or liquid chemicals.However, the effectiveness of the overall protective clothing item in preventing exposure to chemical hazards depends on the integrity of the clothing items design in eliminating or reducing inward leakage of chemicals
18、.The selection of the appropriate integrity test method will depend on the application of the chemical protective clothing and the exposure hazards present. Usually, the integrity test method will be specified in the overall chemical protective clothing specification.Evaluations of the chemical resi
19、stance of protective clothing material should be carried out using the appropriate test.ISO 6529 specifies methods for measuring the resistance of protective clothing materials to permeation by either liquids or gases. ISO 13994 specifies a method for determining the penetration resistance of protec
20、tive clothing materials under conditions of continuous liquid contact and pressure, and can be applied to micro-porous materials, seams and assemblages. ISO 6530 specifies a procedure for measuring the penetration resistance of protective clothing materials from the impact and runoff of liquids. Gen
21、eral protective clothing requirements are specified in ISO 13688.This International Standard specifies six different test methods for determining the resistance of complete protective clothing to inward leakage of either gaseous or liquid chemicals (protective clothing integrity). These test methods
22、 apply to either liquid or gaseous chemicals, or aerosols, and vary in the level of severity.The integrity test methods specified by this International Standard are as follows.This part of ISO 17491 specifies a method to be performed either at minimum test settings (Method 1) or at more rigorous tes
23、t settings (Method 2), for assessing the resistance of a gas-tight suit to outward leakage of air through, for example, essential openings, fastenings, seams, interface areas between items, pores and any imperfections in the construction materials.ISO 17491-2 specifies two different methods for dete
24、rmining the inward leakage of chemical protective suits in an aerosol environment (Method 1) or a gaseous environment (Method 2). The procedure is applicable to gas-tight suits and non-gas-tight suits and provides an evaluation of chemical protective suit integrity, particularly with regard to leaka
25、ge in the breathing zone, under dynamic conditions through the use of human subjects.ISO 17491-3 specifies a method for determining the resistance of chemical protective clothing to penetration by jets of liquid chemicals. This procedure is applicable to clothing worn in situations where there is a
26、risk of exposure to a forceful projection of a liquid chemical and which is intended to be resistant to penetration under conditions that require total body surface cover (but not gas-tight clothing).ISO 17491-4 specifies a method to be performed either at minimum test settings (Method A low-level s
27、pray test) or at more rigorous test settings (Method B high-level spray test) for determining the resistance of chemical protective clothing to penetration by sprays of liquid chemicals. This procedure applies to protective clothing which is intended to be worn when there is a risk of exposure to sl
28、ight splashes of a liquid chemical or to spray particles that coalesce and run off the surface of the garment, and to clothing which is intended to be resistant to penetration under conditions that require total body surface cover (but not gas-tight clothing).ISO 17491-5 specifies an alternative tes
29、t method for determining the resistance to spray penetration. It uses a static manikin instead of a test subject; it also uses a different spray configuration and duration.The methods specified in this part of ISO 17491, ISO 17491-2, ISO 17491-3, ISO 17491-4 and ISO 17491-5 are not appropriate for e
30、valuating the permeation or penetration of liquid chemicals through the material from which the clothing is made.iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 17491-1:2012Protective clothing Test methods for clothing providing protection against chemicals Part 1: Determination of resistance to outward leaka
31、ge of gases (internal pressure test)1 ScopeThis part of ISO 17491 specifies a method to be performed either at minimum test settings (Method 1) or at more rigorous test settings (Method 2), for assessing the resistance of a gas-tight suit to outward leakage of air through, for example, essential ope
32、nings, fastenings, seams, interface areas between items, pores and any imperfections in the construction materials.This test does not simulate penetration by gases in an inward direction. Although the danger to the wearer arises from leakage in an inward direction, this test method assesses the outw
33、ard leakage of air after the gas-tight suit has been inflated so as to stretch the construction material, thereby enabling the test method to detect very small imperfections, such as holes, splits or tears.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions
34、apply.2.1assemblagepermanent fastening between two or more different garments, or between chemical protective clothing and accessories, obtained, for example, by sewing, welding, vulcanizing or gluing2.2chemical protective clothingcombined assembly of garments worn to provide protection against expo
35、sure to, or contact with, chemicals2.3chemical protective suitclothing worn to protect against chemicals that covers the entire, or most of, the bodyNOTE 1 A chemical protective suit may comprise garments combined together to protect the body.NOTE 2 A suit may have various types of additional protec
36、tion joined to it, such as a hood or helmet, boots and gloves.2.4connectionassemblage or joint2.5garmentindividual component (of chemical protective clothing), the wearing of which provides protection against contact with chemicals to the part of the body that it covers2.6gas-tight suitone-piece gar
37、ment with hood, gloves and boots which, when worn with self-contained or air-line breathing apparatus, provides the wearer with a high degree of protection against harmful liquids, particles and gaseous or vapour contaminantsINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17491-1:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS
38、 ISO 17491-1:2012ISO 17491-1:2012(E)2.7jointnon-permanent fastening between two different garments, or between chemical protective clothing and accessories2.8non-gas-tight suitone-piece garment with hood, glove and boots which, when worn with or incorporating self-contained or air-line breathing app
39、aratus, provides the wearer with a high degree of protection against harmful liquids, particles and gaseous or vapour contaminations but does not meet an outward gas leakage test (internal pressure test)2.9penetrationflow of a chemical through closures, porous materials, seams, holes or other imperf
40、ections in a protective clothing material, on a non-molecular level2.10permeationprocess by which a chemical moves through a protective clothing material on a molecular levelNOTE Permeation involvesa) sorption of molecules of the chemical into the contacted (outside) surface of a material,b) diffusi
41、on of the sorbed molecules in the material, andc) desorption of the molecules from the opposite (inside) surface of the material.2.11protective clothing materialany material or combination of materials used in an item of clothing for the purpose of isolating parts of the body from a potential hazard
42、3 PrincipleAfter the suit has been inflated to a defined pressure, the extent of the subsequent leakage of air is assessed by recording the pressure reached after a defined period. Two different sets of test pressures are provided.Method 1 uses an inflation pressure of 1 250 Pa and a test pressure o
43、f 1 000 Pa.Method 2 uses an inflation pressure of 1 750 Pa and a test pressure of 1 650 Pa.Method 1 is considered the minimum internal pressure test, but Method 2 provides a more rigorous determination of suit gas-tight integrity.4 Apparatus4.1 Source of compressed air, supplying air within the temp
44、erature range of (20 5) C.4.2 Pressure-measuring device, capable of measuring up to (1 750 50) Pa with a sensitivity (readability) of 50 Pa.4.3 Vent valve-closure components, such as plugs or other means that are to be supplied for test purposes by the manufacturer.4.4 Stop clock or appropriate timi
45、ng device, capable of measuring to the nearest second.2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 17491-1:2012ISO 17491-1:2012(E)5 Procedure5.1 Generala) Lay out the chemical protective suit (including attached gloves and footwear and full facemask, if appropriate) on a suitable flat and clean surface away
46、 from any sources of heat and/or currents of air.b) Select an area for testing that is away from direct sunlight, open doors, drafts, heating and air conditioning registers.c) Perform a visual inspection of the chemical protective suit. Check the chemical protective suit for seam integrity by visual
47、ly examining the seams and gently pulling on the seams. Ensure that all air supply lines, fittings, the visor or face shield, zippers and valves are secure and show no signs of deterioration.d) Remove any creases and folds in the suit as far as practicable.e) Leave the suit for a minimum of 1 h at a
48、mbient temperature 3 C.f) Inflate using the connections illustrated in Figure 1. Attach the pressure-measuring device (4.2) to the chemical protective suit or inflation system.g) Carefully blank off the valves and other openings on the chemical protective suit with appropriate means of closure suppl
49、ied by the manufacturer.h) Choose either Method 1 or Method 2.Key1 airline connector or inflation couple2 suit venting-valve adapter3 removable gloves4 face-plate sealFigure 1 Typical examples of suit modification to permit inflation ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 17491-1:2012ISO 17491-1:2012(E)5.2 Method 1 Minimum procedurea) Using compressed air (4.1) inflate the suit carefully to a pressure of (1 250 50) Pa.b) Maintain the pressure at (1 250 50) Pa for at least 1 min by adding air, if necessary, while ensuri
