1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 257:2004 Pesticides and other agrochemicals Principles for the selection of common names ICS 65.100.01 BS ISO 257:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and S t r a t e g y C o m m i t t e e o n 19 August 2004 BSI 19 August 2004 I
2、SBN 0 580 44314 0 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 257:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS 1831-1:1985 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AW/81, Common names for pesticides a
3、nd other agrochemicals, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue
4、 under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct
5、 application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests inform
6、ed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 17 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this docume
7、nt indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 257:2004(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 257 Third edition 2004-06-15 Pesticides and other agrochemicals Principles for the selection of common names Produits phytosanitaires
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12、rom ietI rehSa Ot tsserdda eh ebolw or ISOs memreb i ydobn the cnuotfo yr ttseuqer ehe.r ISO cirypothg fofice saCe tsopale 65 eneG 1121-HC 02 av leT. 4 + 10 947 22 1 11 xaF0 947 22 14 + 9 74 E-mial coirypthgis.o gro We bwww.is.o gro Pulbisdehi n Switlrez dnaii BSISO257:2004 iiiContents Page Foreword
13、 iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Purpose of common names. 1 5 Principles for selection. 2 5.1 General. 2 5.2 Salts and esters. 2 5.3 Purity of chemicals . 4 5.4 Isomers and isomeric mixtures . 4 5.5 Additional requirements. 5 5.6 Recommended stems
14、. 6 6 Style of writing or printing common names.6 Annex A (informative) Procedure for the establishment of common names for pesticides and other agrochemicals . 8 Annex B (informative) System for constructing common names for isomers and isomer mixtures of pyrethroids and related compounds 15 Biblio
15、graphy . 17 BSISO257:2004iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body intereste
16、d in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Com
17、mission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the techni
18、cal committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO sh
19、all not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 257 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 81, Common names for pesticides and other agrochemicals. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 257:1988), which has been technically revised. BSISO2
20、57:2004 vIntroduction This International Standard contains principles for the construction of common names for pesticides and other agrochemicals. The intention is to create short, distinctive, easily pronounced names, which will be common to all languages, as far as is possible. This International
21、Standard contains recommended names for common ions and radicals, as well as recommended stems for different chemical structures. Therefore the common name should reflect any relationship with chemicals of a similar structure. However, it is important to avoid confusion between common names and exis
22、ting names, whether they are other common names, trade names or chemical names. Recommendations on how to name isomers, salts, esters, etc. are also included. These principles are defined for the guidance of proposers of such common names and for the operation of ISO/TC 81. BSISO257:2004 I SO 4002 A
23、ll irthgs ersedevr 1Pesticides and other agrochemicals Principles for the selection of common names 1 Scope This International Standard gives principles for creating common names for pesticides and other agrochemicals. These principles are defined for the guidance of proposers of such common names.
24、The procedure for the establishment of common names is given in Annex A. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the reference
25、d document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1750, Pesticides and other agrochemicals Common names 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 common name name freely available for common use in identifying a chemical substance with
26、out recourse to its systematic chemical name 4 Purpose of common names 4.1 The purpose of a common name (see ISO 1750) is to provide a short, distinctive, easily pronounced name for a substance, the full chemical name of which is too complex for convenient use in science, commerce and official regul
27、ations. 4.2 Because a common name has to be freely available for use in describing the substance for which it has been coined, it should not be permitted to become a privately owned trade mark with respect to identical or similar goods. 4.3 In order to achieve the desired goal of creating a common n
28、ame that is generally acceptable internationally, rejection of any proposed common name by individual ISO Member Bodies see A.3.1.3 and A.4.1.1 e) should only be based on serious grounds and then only after every possible effort has been made to overcome the impediment to local acceptability. BSISO2
29、57:20042 5 Principles for selection 5.1 General 5.1.1 No substance should be given a common name if its chemical name is reasonably short and distinctive (e.g. metaldehyde, carbon tetrachloride). 5.1.2 The identity of a common name should be maintained in all languages, subject to necessary linguist
30、ic variations. 5.1.3 Common names should be as short as is practicable, but should not include single letters and/or numerals except as structural qualifiers. NOTE While the formation of common names from initials and numerals is no longer acceptable, exceptions (e.g. MCPA, 2,4,5-T) have been made f
31、or substances which are so well known by such names that to use other names would cause confusion. 5.1.4 Common names should be distinctive in sound and spelling and should be neither difficult to pronounce nor liable to confusion with existing names (see 5.5.1). 5.1.5 To facilitate international sp
32、elling and translation, “f” instead of “ph” should be used in common names; the suffix “-phenyl” in the names of esters, however, should retain its normal spelling. Similarly “t” should be used instead of “th” with the permitted exceptions “thrin” and “thiuron”. Methyl and ethyl esters retain their
33、normal spelling. 5.2 Salts and esters 5.2.1 Simple salts The common name for a simple salt should be that of the parent acid, alcohol or base. In the case of an acid or alcohol, the complementary cation may be given as a hyphenated suffix and, in the case of a base, the complementary anion may be st
34、ated. A quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salt should be treated as a salt of a base. EXAMPLES: alloxydim-sodium, bromoxynil-potassium, imazalil nitrate, chlormequat chloride. 5.2.2 Simple esters Similarly, where the substance is a simple ester or other derivative, and the existence of biological a
35、ctivity derives from the parent form, the common name should be that of the parent. This should be taken as the case if other esters or derivatives are known, or are expected, to exhibit similar biological activity. The complementary esterifying radical may be indicated. EXAMPLES: mecoprop-methyl, d
36、inoseb acetate. BSISO257:2004 35.2.3 Complex esters and salts If neither moiety of an ester or salt is simple, the common name should be that of the whole molecule. EXAMPLES: bupirimate, decafentin. 5.2.4 Recommended names for ions and radicals Recommended names have been developed for some of the m
37、ore commonly occurring ions and radicals. These are listed in Table 1 and should be used in place of the chemical names. Table 1 Names for ions and radicals Recommended name Chemical name albesilate butometyl butotyl diclexine dimolamine diolamine ethadyl etotyl isoctyl meptyl metilsulfate mexyl ola
38、mine tefuryl trimesium trolamine alkylbenzenesulfonate 2-butoxy-1-methylethyl 2-butoxyethyl dicyclohexylammonium (2-hydroxyethyl)dimethylammonium bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium ethylene (ethane-1,2-diyl) 2-ethoxyethyl “iso-octyl” (mixed C-8 alkyl radical) 1-methylheptyl methylsulfate 1-methylhexyl 2-hy
39、droxyethylammonium tetrahydrofurfuryl trimethylsulfonium tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium Traditional names for radicals, as retained in Reference 2, should be used in place of systematic or semi- systematic names that include locants. EXAMPLES: butyrate, dimethylammonium, fumarate, isobutyl, isopropyl,
40、 isopropylammonium, BSISO257:20044 methylammonium, triethylammonium. 5.2.5 Multiplying affixes Multiplying affixes should be used when the parent is a dibasic (or higher) acid, alcohol or base and more than one possible derivative could be produced. Affixes should also be used in any other case wher
41、e there is a need to avoid ambiguity. EXAMPLES: chlorthal-dimethyl, chlorthal-monomethyl, diquat dibromide, iminoctadine triacetate, streptomycin sesquisulfate, thiosultap-disodium. It is not normally necessary to use multiplying affixes with the parent substance. EXAMPLES: dalapon-magnesium 2:1 rat
42、io, fosetyl-aluminium 3:1 ratio, oxpoconazole fumarate 2:1 ratio. 5.3 Purity of chemicals Although common names should be given to chemical entities of known structure, in exceptional cases they may be given to mixtures whose composition is constant for all practical purposes and whose concentration
43、s of active components can be specified. Such exceptional cases may include: a) a reaction product mixture, provided that the concentrations of the main active components fall within acceptable limits about specified proportions; b) a polymeric reaction product mixture, provided that the concentrati
44、ons of the main active component polymers (the repeating units of which are specified) in the reaction product mixture are known and are constant to within acceptable limits; c) an extract or derivative of a natural product (from animal, plant, fungal or bacterial sources), the composition of which
45、is constant within acceptable limits. 5.4 Isomers and isomeric mixtures 5.4.1 The following special considerations should be taken into account when coining names for mixtures of isomers. BSISO257:2004I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 55.4.2 The common name for a substance that can exist in enantiomeric
46、 (optically isomeric) forms owing to a single asymmetric centre should be assigned, without affixes, either to the racemate or to one of the enantiomers, depending on the form for which the common name is first required. If a common name is required subsequently for another stereochemical variant, i
47、t should be the original common name with the appended suffix “-MP”, “-M” or “-P”, for the racemate, the () isomer or the (+) isomer, respectively. If more than one chiral centre is present, it may be necessary to adopt special measures, such as a system based on appropriate modification of the orig
48、inal common name, for example that developed for the synthetic pyrethroids (see Annex B). 5.4.3 The common name of a substance which consists of complementary geometrical isomers should indicate the essential familial features (see 5.6). A specific isomer or subgroup of isomers of such a substance m
49、ay be assigned a common name which may include a syllable or letter(s) implying a cis-, trans-, (E)- or (Z)- form only if the substance is produced commercially in a substantially pure form. If a normal commercial product consists of a mixture of a single pair of isomers, the common name should apply to any mixture of the two. Individual isomers should be identified by suitable qualifiers, for example
