1、BS ISO 50047:2016Energy savings Determination of energysavings in organizationsBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 50047:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 50047:2016.The UK participation in
2、its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee SEM/1/2, Energy Efficiency Saving Calculations and Benchmarking.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contra
3、ct. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 94984 5 ICS 27.010 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the author
4、ity of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 50047:2016 ISO 2016Energy savings Determination of energy savings in organizationsconomies dnergie Dtermination des conomies dnergie dans les organi
5、smesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO50047First edition2016-11-01Reference numberISO 50047:2016(E)BS ISO 50047:2016ISO 50047:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may b
6、e reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the re
7、quester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 50047:2016ISO 50047:2016(E)Foreword vIntroduction vi1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Preliminary conside
8、rations and boundaries 54.1 Preliminary considerations 54.2 Approaches to determining energy savings 54.2.1 Two approaches to determining energy savings . 54.2.2 Organization-based approach 54.2.3 EPIA-based approach . 64.3 Determining the boundaries . 75 Energy accounting . 85.1 General principles
9、of energy accounting 85.2 Measurement of energy consumption and stocks 85.3 Types of energy with relatively insignificant consumption . 95.4 Expressing energy consumption in common units 105.5 Primary and delivered energy 105.5.1 General. 105.5.2 Conversion of delivered energy to primary energy 116
10、Data preparation for determination of energy savings 126.1 Selection of time periods . 126.2 Establishing the energy baseline 126.3 Non-routine adjustments 136.4 Normalization for relevant variables 136.4.1 General principles 136.4.2 Methods of normalization . 146.4.3 Summary of normalization method
11、s .156.4.4 Determination of normalized energy consumption .157 Calculation of energy savings .187.1 General principles . 187.2 EPIA-based approach to determining energy savings .207.2.1 General principles 207.2.2 Indirect energy effects .207.2.3 Avoiding double counting . 217.3 Ensuring consistency
12、between organization-based and EPIA-based approaches 218 Improving the accuracy of energy savings results .228.1 Data quality . 228.2 Errors in determining energy savings . 228.3 Acceptable uncertainty criteria . 239 Reporting energy savings .239.1 General 239.2 Reporting considerations for groups o
13、f companies .239.3 Communicating energy savings results 23Annex A (informative) Flowchart for determination of energy savings .25Annex B (informative) Reconciliation between organization level and EPIA-based energy savings 26Annex C (informative) Example of energy accounting in a cement plant 28Anne
14、x D (informative) Example of normalization of energy consumption in a cement plant 32 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 50047:2016ISO 50047:2016(E)Annex E (informative) Example of calculating energy savings for an organization producing various products 36Annex F (informative) Furt
15、her information on communicating energy savings.39Bibliography .41iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 50047:2016ISO 50047:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Intern
16、ational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with
17、 ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives,
18、Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of th
19、e elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations r
20、eceived (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs
21、adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 301, Energy management and energy savings. ISO 2016 All rights reserved v
22、BS ISO 50047:2016ISO 50047:2016(E)IntroductionThis International Standard describes approaches for determining energy savings based on one of the following two approaches:a) an organization-based approach, i.e. a change in the amount of energy consumed by the organization, as measured within the org
23、anizational boundaries;b) an EPIA-based approach, i.e. aggregating energy savings from energy performance improvement actions (EPIAs) measured within the organizational boundaries.Both approaches compare energy consumption for a defined period of time, the energy consumption in a baseline period and
24、 a reporting period of equivalent length. Guidance is given on reconciliation between the two approaches.This International Standard also considers the following in the context of energy savings: the use of primary and delivered energy; methods for normalizing energy consumption; methods for aggrega
25、ting energy savings from different types of energy.The flowchart in Annex A shows the process for determining energy savings using this International Standard.This International Standard is designed to be broadly consistent with the overall framework for the determination and reporting of energy sav
26、ings in projects, organizations and regions set out in ISO 17743, as well as with the principles and guidelines given in ISO 50015 on the measurement and verification of energy performance of organizations.vi ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 50047:2016Energy savings Determination of energy savings
27、 in organizations1 ScopeThis International Standard describes approaches for the determination of energy savings in organizations. It can be used by all organizations, whether or not they have an energy management system, such as ISO 50001.This International Standard addresses the following topics i
28、n the context of energy savings: establishing the purpose of determining energy savings; determining boundaries; energy accounting, including primary and delivered energy and the use of common energy units; selecting an approach for the determination of energy savings; establishing an energy baselin
29、e; normalization of energy consumption; determination of energy savings; reporting and other matters.Specific methods for the measurement and verification of energy performance and its improvement are outside the scope of this International Standard.NOTE ISO 50015 establishes general principles and
30、guidelines for the process of measurement and verification of energy performance of an organization or its components.2 Normative referencesThere are no normative references.3 Terms and definitions3.1baseline perioddefined period of time selected as the reference for the determination of energy savi
31、ngs3.2boundaryphysical or site limit and/or organizational limit as defined by the organization (3.16)Note 1 to entry: The boundaries of the organization could be different from the boundaries used for the determination of energy savings.Note 2 to entry: The determination of energy savings can inclu
32、de one or more boundaries, e.g. of one or more energy performance improvement actions (3.10), or of parts of the organization.EXAMPLE Equipment; a system; a process; a group of processes; a room; a building; a site; an entire organization; multiple sites under the control of an organization.INTERNAT
33、IONAL STANDARD ISO 50047:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 50047:2016ISO 50047:2016(E)SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.1, modified The term has been changed from the plural (“boundaries”) to the singular (“boundary”) and the definition has been modified accordingly; Notes 1 and 2 to entry have b
34、een added and additional examples have been included.3.3delivered energyenergy (3.5) arriving at the boundaries (3.2) of an organization (3.16)Note 1 to entry: Delivered energy includes primary energy (3.17) produced (e.g. oil from a well) or renewable energy generated onsite (e.g. electricity from
35、photovoltaic panels).3.4double countingsumming the individual energy savings from two or more energy performance improvement actions (3.10) when they influence the energy consumption (3.8) of each other either positively or negativelyNote 1 to entry: In cases where there are interactive effects betw
36、een the energy performance improvement actions (EPIAs), the energy savings due to the combined effect of these EPIAs may be different from the sum of the energy savings from the individual EPIAs.3.5energyelectricity, fuels, steam, heat, compressed air, and other like mediaNote 1 to entry: For the pu
37、rposes of this International Standard, energy refers to the various types of energy, including renewable, which can be purchased, stored, treated, used in equipment or in a process, or recovered.Note 2 to entry: In other contexts, energy can be defined as the capacity of a system to produce external
38、 activity or perform work.Note 3 to entry: Examples of other like media include hot water, and intermediate products or by-products, such as biogas or coke oven gas.SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.5, modified Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been modified and Note 3 to entry has been added.3.6energy accounting
39、system of rules, methods, techniques and conventions used to measure, analyse and report energy consumption (3.8)3.7energy baselinequantitative reference(s) providing a basis for comparison of energy performance (3.9)Note 1 to entry: An energy baseline usually reflects a specified period of time.Not
40、e 2 to entry: An energy baseline can be normalized using relevant variables (3.18) impacting energy use (3.11) and/or energy consumption (3.8), e.g. production level, degree days (outdoor temperature).SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.6, modified Note 2 to entry has been modified and the original Note 3 to
41、entry has been deleted.3.8energy consumptionquantity of energy (3.5) appliedSOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.72 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 50047:2016ISO 50047:2016(E)3.9energy performancemeasurable results related to energy efficiency, energy use (3.11) and energy consumption (3.8)Note 1 to entry:
42、In this International Standard, energy performance generally refers to energy consumption only.SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.12, modified The original Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been deleted because they were specific to energy management, and a new Note 1 entry has been added.3.10energy performance im
43、provement actionEPIAaction or measure or group of actions or measures implemented or planned within an organization (3.16) intended to achieve energy performance improvement through technological, managerial or operational, behavioural, economic, or other changesSOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.5, modified
44、 The word “economical” has been replaced by “economic”.3.11energy usemanner or kind of application of energy (3.5)EXAMPLE Ventilation; lighting; heating; cooling; transportation; processes; production lines.SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.183.12energy using systemphysical items with defined boundaries (3.
45、2) using energy (3.5)EXAMPLE Facility; building; part of a building; machine; equipment; product.SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.9, modified The word “system” has been deleted from “system boundaries”.3.13indirect energy effecteffect on organizational energy performance (3.9) beyond the direct eff
46、ect of an individual energy performance improvement action (3.10)SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.3, modified The words “the energy performance improvement action” have been replaced by “an individual energy performance improvement action” and the original example has been deleted.3.14non-routine adjustmen
47、tadjustment made to the energy baseline (3.7) to account for unusual changes in relevant variables (3.18) or static factors (3.20), outside the changes accounted for by normalization (3.15)Note 1 to entry: Non-routine adjustments may apply where the energy baseline no longer reflects energy use (3.1
48、1) or energy consumption (3.8) patterns, or there have been major changes to the process, operational patterns, or energy using systems (3.12).Note 2 to entry: For routine adjustments, normalization is used.Note 3 to entry: Non-routine adjustments are needed when a change in static factors occurs af
49、ter the baseline period (3.1).SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.16 modified The words “routine adjustment” have been replaced by “normalization” in the definition and Notes 2 and 3 to entry have been added. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 50047:2016ISO 50047:2016(E)3.15normalizationprocess of routinely modifying energy data in order to account for changes in relevant variables (3.18) to compare energy performance (3.9) under equivalent conditionsSOURCE: ISO 50006:2014, 3.13, modified Note 1 to en
