1、BS ISO/IEC24751-2:2008ICS 03.100.30,35.240.99,NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDInformationtechnology Individualizedadaptability andaccessibility in e-learning, educationand training Part2: “Access for all”personal needs andpreferences for digitald
2、eliveryThis British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Policy andStrategy Committee on 3ember 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 56061 3Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of
3、ISO/IEC24751-2:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee IST/43, Information technology for learning, education andtraining.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to inc
4、lude all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.1 DecBS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008Reference numberISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E)ISO/IEC 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC24751-2First
5、edition2008-10-01Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training Part 2: “Access for all” personal needs and preferences for digital delivery Technologies de linformation Adaptabilit et accessibilit individualises en e-apprentissage, en duca
6、tion et en formation Partie 2: Besoins personnels en matire daccs pour tous et prfrences de prestation numrique BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed b
7、ut shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this
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9、se by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilize
10、d in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 4
11、1 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword. v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 2.1 ISO/IEC. 1 2.2 Referenced specifi
12、cations . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 5 5 Basic Principles 5 5.1 Functional Approach 6 5.2 Creating a Personal Needs and Preferences Statement. 6 5.3 Display, Control and Content 6 5.4 Multiple Contexts 6 5.5 Needs and Preferences 6 5.6 Generic versus Application Speci
13、fic 7 6 Information Model. 7 6.1 General. 7 6.2 Display . 8 6.3 Control . 10 6.4 Content 17 7 Attribute Descriptions and Recommended Use 17 7.1 Access for All user preference set 17 8 Conformance. 49 Annex A (normative) Consolidated List of Terms and Definitions with Cultural Adaptability: ISO Frenc
14、h Language Equivalency. 50 A.1 Introduction . 50 A.2 ISO English and ISO French 50 A.3 Cultural adaptability and quality control 50 A.4 List of Terms in French Alphabetical Order. 51 A.5 Organization of Annex A.6 “Consolidated matrix of terms and definitions ISO French equivalents” 53 A.6 Consolidat
15、ed Matrix of ISO/IEC 24751-2 Terms and Definitions in ISO French. 54 Annex B (normative) Vocabulary Codes 58 B.1 Access Mode Vocabulary Codes 58 B.2 Adaptation Type Vocabulary Codes . 59 B.3 Alphanumeric Layout Vocabulary Codes 60 B.4 Auto Scan Repeat Vocabulary Codes.61 B.5 Braille Dot Number Vocab
16、ulary Codes.61 B.6 Braille Grade Vocabulary Codes . 62 B.7 Braille Mark Vocabulary Codes . 62 B.8 Braille Status Cell Vocabulary Codes. 64 B.9 Code Termination Signal Vocabulary Codes. 64 B.10 Code Vocabulary Codes 65 B.11 Components Shown Vocabulary Codes. 65 B.12 Content Density Vocabulary Codes 6
17、6 B.13 Control Flexibility Vocabulary Codes. 66 B.14 Controller Window Vocabulary Codes . 67 B.15 Generic Font Face Vocabulary Codes67 BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) iv ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedB.16 Handedness Vocabulary Codes 68 B.17 Hazard Vocabulary Codes 69 B.18 Link Indic
18、ation Vocabulary Codes 70 B.19 Mouse Emulation Device Vocabulary Codes . 71 B.20 Navigation Strategy Vocabulary Codes71 B.21 Prediction Type Vocabulary Codes. 72 B.22 Reading Unit Vocabulary Codes . 72 B.23 Representation Form Vocabulary Codes . 73 B.24 Selection Method Vocabulary Codes 75 B.25 Spee
19、ch Component Vocabulary Codes 76 B.26 Support Tool Vocabulary Codes . 76 B.27 Switch Function Vocabulary Codes 78 B.28 Switch Port Vocabulary Codes 78 B.29 System Sounds Vocabulary Codes. 79 B.30 Tracking Vocabulary Codes. 80 B.31 Usage Vocabulary Codes . 81 B.32 Vocabulary Vocabulary Codes 82 B.33
20、Window Layout Vocabulary Codes . 82 Annex C (informative) Recommended Default Values 83 Annex D (informative) Bindings and Implementations. 85 Annex E (informative) Scenarios. 86 E.1 Administration Scenario. 86 E.2 Department of Labor Scenario. 87 E.3 NETg Scenario: Player Preferences 88 E.4 PEARL S
21、cenario 88 E.5 PIVoT Scenario 89 E.6 Web-4-All Scenario . 90 Annex F (informative) Implementation Example . 92 Annex G (informative) List of contributors 94 Bibliography . 95 BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization
22、 for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective
23、 organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information te
24、chnology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Stand
25、ards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the s
26、ubject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 24751-2 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 36, Information technology for learning, education, and training. ISO/IEC
27、 24751 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training: Part 1: Framework and reference model Part 2: “Access for all” personal needs and preferences for digital delivery Part 3: “Acce
28、ss for all” digital resource description Future parts will address non-digital resource description, personal needs and preferences for non-digital resources, personal needs and preferences for description of events and places, digital description of events and places, and language accessibility and
29、 human interface equivalencies (HIEs) in e-learning applications. BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved 1Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training
30、Part 2: “Access for all” personal needs and preferences for digital delivery 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 24751 provides a common information model for describing the learner or user needs and preferences when accessing digitally delivered resources or services. This description is one side of a pai
31、r of descriptions used in matching user needs and preferences with digital delivery (as described in ISO/IEC 24751-1). This model divides the personal needs and preferences of the learner or user into three categories: a. Display: how resources are to be presented and structured; b. Control: how res
32、ources are to be controlled and operated; and, c. Content: what supplementary or alternative resources are to be supplied. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 is intended to meet the needs of learners with disabilities (as defined in ISO/IEC 24751-1) and of anyone in a disabling context. The purpose of this
33、part of ISO/IEC 24751 is to provide a machine-readable method of stating user needs and preferences with respect to digitally based education or learning. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 can be used independently, for example to deliver the required or desired user interface to the learner/user, or in co
34、mbination with ISO/IEC 24751-3 to deliver digital resources that meet a users needs and preferences. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the lat
35、est edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. 2.1 ISO/IEC ISO 639-2:1998 (E/F), Codes for the representation of names of languages Part 2: Alpha-3 code/Codes pour la reprsentation des noms de langue Partie 2: Code alpha-3 2.2 Referenced specifications IETF RFC 3986 Unifo
36、rm Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax RFC 3986, http:/www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.01 access for all AfA app
37、roach to providing accessibility in a computer-mediated environment in which the digital resources and their method of delivery are matched to the needs and preferences of the user IMS AccessForAll Meta-data Specification Version 1 1)3.02 accessibility usability of a product, service, environment or
38、 facility by individuals with the widest range of capabilities NOTE 1 Although “accessibility” typically addresses users who have a disability, the concept is not limited to disability issues. NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO/TS 16071:2003 (3.2).2)3.03 access mode human sense perceptual system or cognitive f
39、aculty through which a user may process or perceive the content of a digital resource ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.3) 3.04 adaptation e-learning digital resource that presents the intellectual content of all or part of another digital resource NOTE Adaptations can also include the adjustment of the prese
40、ntation, control methods, access mode, structure and user supports. ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.5) 3.05 AfA context particular situation or environment in which a set of AfA accessibility needs and preferences might be used 3.06 AfA contextual description name or description of a context in which a set
41、of AfA accessibility needs and preferences might be used EXAMPLE A label for a particular location such as home, work or school, or a particular time of day such as evening. NOTE See 5.4 for more information. 3.07 AfA hazard characteristic of a digital resource that can be specified as being dangero
42、us to a user EXAMPLE Flashing animations can trigger seizures in people with photosensitive epilepsy. NOTE See the coded domain in B.17. 1) The source for this adapted IMS definition is now ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.1). 2) The source for this adapted ISO/TS 16071:2003 definition is now ISO/IEC 24751-1
43、:2008 (2.2). BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved 33.08 AfA preference specific preference of an individual who requires AfA accessibility NOTE See 5.5. 3.09 AfA preference set defined combination of two or more AfA preferences 3.10 application parameter se
44、t of application specific values for a particular assistive technology 3.11 application specific configuration of an assistive technology that involves application parameters unique to a particular assistive technology product NOTE See 5.6 for more information. 3.12 assistive technology alternative
45、access system specialized software and/or hardware used in place of or in addition to commonly used software or hardware for control, display or processing EXAMPLES Screen reader, alternative keyboard, refreshable Braille device, screen magnifier. ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.8) 3.13 digital resource DR
46、any type of resource that can be transmitted over and/or accessed via an information technology system NOTE A digital resource can be referenced via an unambiguous and stable identifier in a recognized identification system (e.g. ISBN, ISAN, UPC/EAN, URI). ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.11) 3.14 disability
47、 digital resource delivery any obstacle to the use of a digital resource experienced because of a mismatch between the needs of a user and the digital resource delivered NOTE 1 Disability in an AfA context is not a personal trait but a consequence of the relationship between the user and their resou
48、rce system. NOTE 2 In an e-learning context, disability refers to a mismatch between the needs of a learner and both the educational resource and/or the method of delivery. ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.13) 3.15 disability medical perspective any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of abili
49、ty to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) 4 ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedNOTE 1 This definition of “disability” is included to ensure that users who may have “legal rights” to assistive technologies are served. NOTE 2 Adapted from World Health Organization Document A29/INFDOCI/1, Geneva, Switzerland, 1976. 3)3.16 display rendering or presentation of a user interface and/or digital res
