1、 CSA Z7bb-95 * - 1875068 0533059 879 GeneraZ Instruction No. 1 January 1995 2766-95 CSA Information Product 2766-95, Environmentally Responsible Procurement (?Creen Procurement?), consists of 67 pages (x preliminary and 57 text), each dated January 1995. This Information Product, like all CSA Standa
2、rds, is subject to periodic review, and amendments in the form of replacement pages may be issued from time to time; such pages will be mailed automatically to those purchasers who complete and return the attached card.* Some Information Products require frequent revision between editions, whereas o
3、thers require none at all. It is planned to issue new editions of the Information Product, regardless of the amount of revision, at intervals not greater than 5 years, Except in unusual circumstances, replacement pages will not be issued during the last year of that edition. *This card will appear w
4、ith General Instruction No. 1 only. Although any replacement pages that have been issued will be sold with the information Product, it is for the purchaser to insert them where they apply. The responsibility for ensuring that his or her copy is complete rests with the holder of the Information Produ
5、ct, who should, for the sake of reference, retain those pages which have been replaced. Note: A General Instruction sheet will accompany replacement pages each time they are issued and will list the lotest date of each page of the Standard. Cut along dotted line . . Name . . . . Organ iza tion . . .
6、 . . . . . . . . . . . a a . Add ress . city . . . . . Province/State . . . . Country Postal/Zip Code . . . . a a 7766-95 . . 2766-95 nvironmentaZZy Responsible Procurement (“Green Procurement“) Environmentl Technology A CSA Information Product CSA 2766-95 *Y = 1875068 053LOb1 427 = 2766-95 Environm
7、entaZZy Responsible Procurement (“Green Procurement“) Environmental Technology ISSN 03 17-5669 Published in january 1995 Canadian S tandards Associa tion 7 78 Rexdale Boulevard, Rexdale (Toronto), Ontario, Canada M9W IR3 by CSA 2766-75 * 1875068 053LOb2 3b3 Statement of Purpose Canadian citizens, bu
8、sinesses, and organizations are becoming increasingly committed to a healthy environment and to taking action at the local, national, and international level. There is growing recognition that a healthy environment and a vibrant, competitive economy are mutually dependent. performance, a multi-stake
9、holder group, under the auspices of CSA, has developed this and companion documents in the Environmental Management Program series. (a) voluntary action is needed; (b) decision-making must take into account environmental concerns; (c) a systematic, rigorous approach will enhance the effectiveness of
10、 environmental management; (d) pollution prevention is superior to after-the-fact cleanup; (e) organizations must commit to continuously improving their performance; and (9 current needs must be balanced with those of the future. The goal is a safe and healthy environment and a sound and prosperous
11、economy, fostered by environmental citizenship and a management system that will commit an organization to protect the environment, add value, and create opportunity. To assist Canadian businesses and organizations of all sizes in improving their environmental The following fundamental concepts unde
12、rlie this program: Technical Editor: Ahmad Husseini Manuging Editor: Bernard Kelly O Canadian Standards Association - 7 995 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. E
13、n vironm en talb Responsible Procurement (“Green Procurem en t 3 Contents Technical Committee on Environmentally Responsible Procurement v Preface vi Forward vi 1. Scope 1 2. Definitions 4 3. Reference Publications 6 4. Understanding Current Practices 7 4.1 Reviewing Existing Procurement Practices 8
14、 4.2 Defining Key Review Objectives 8 4.3 Identifying Information Sources 8 4.4 Gathering Information 8 4.5 Evaluation 9 4.6 Checklists for Understanding Current Practices 9 4.6.1 Key Policy Framework Considerations 9 4.6.2 Identifying Key Influences in Procurement Practices 70 4.6.3 Evaluating Curr
15、ent Effort 72 4.6.4 Identifying ProducVService Requirements for Each Purchasing Decision 73 4.6.5 Recognizing Current Decision-Making Practices 74 5. Setting and Defining ERP Goals 75 5.1 Broad Policy Objectives 16 5.2 Setting Priorities for ERP 76 5.3 Establish Specific Targets 76 5.4 Checklists fo
16、r Setting and Defining ERP Goals 17 5.4.1 Broad Policy 17 5.4.2 Setting Priorities 79 5.4.3 Specific Targets 20 6. Developing ERP Strategies 27 6.1 General 22 6.2 Short-Term Operational Changes 22 6.3 Long-Term Changes 22 6.4 Establishing Environmentally Responsible Product, Service, or Activity Eva
17、luation Criteria 22 6.4.1 Total Firm Cost 22 6.4.2 Total Environmental Costs/Life-Cycle Assessment 23 6.4.3 Supplier General Environmental Performance 23 6.4.4 Balancing the Exchange 23 6.5 Checklists for Developing ERP Strategies 24 6.5.1 Short-Term Operational Changes 24 6.5.2 Long-Term Implementa
18、tion 26 January 1995 CSA 2766-95 Xt = 1875068 0533064 136 2766-95 7. Implementation - Organizing and Managing the Process 29 7.1 General 29 7.2 Communicating the Program 29 7.2.1 Internal Communication 29 7.2.2 External Communication 29 7.3 Organizational Changes to Facilitate ERP 30 7.3.1 Internal
19、Process Changes 30 7.3.2 Internal Policy Changes 30 7.4 Checklists for Implementation 37 7.4.1 Primary Considerations 37 7.4.2 Regulatory Considerations 37 7.4.3 LCA Considerations 32 7.5 Implementation-Purchasing Schedules 36 7.5.1 Supplier-Based Environmental Evaluations 37 7.5.2 Schedule A - Supp
20、lier-Based ERP 38 7.5.3 Schedule B - Product-Based ERP 39 7.5.4 Schedule C - Service-Based ERP 40 8. Sustainment - Auditing and Maintaining ERP 43 8.1 General 43 8.2 Monitoring Environmental Developments and Market Advances 43 8.3 Assessing Societal Values 43 8.4 Monitoring Scientific Knowledge 43 8
21、.5 Building a Culture of Continuous Improvement 43 8.6 Celebrating Success 43 8.7 Checklists for Sustainment: Auditing and Maintaining ERP 44 8.7.1 Formal Review Plan 44 8.7.2 Parameters of Sustainment 45 8.7.3 Review of Stakeholders 46 8.7.4 Assessing Adequacies 46 8.7.5 Recommendations for Adjustm
22、ent 47 Appendices A-General Principles of “Green Procurement“-ERP 48 B-Useful Contacts 49 C-Glossary 52 D-Bibliography 54 iv January 1995 CSA 2766-95 * 1875068 0533065 072 Environmentally Responsible Procurement (“Green Procurement? Technical Committee on Environmentally Responsible Procurement J. H
23、illard R. Abbott Collard Consulting Network, Winnipeg, Manitoba Consumer Representative The Coopers (b) provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and (e) be phrased where possible to permit a specific yes“ or “no“ answer. Promotion, Info Update, at the address g
24、iven above. Requests for interpretation should Interpretations are published in CSAs periodical Info Update. For subscription details, write to CSA Sales January 1995 vii CSA 2766-95 * H 1875068 0531068 881 2766-95 Foreword CSAs voluntary Environmental Management Program series encourages organizati
25、ons to consider the environment when making business decisions. They offer guidance on such matters as (a) environmental auditing principles and practices (with audit and site assessment protocols); (b) life cycle assessment and design for the environment; (c) corporate reporting; (d) environmental
26、labelling; (e) risk assessment and management; (f) emergency planning, prevention and response; (9) stakeholderkommunity consultation; (h) pollution prevention; (i) environmentally responsible procurement; (i) environmental corporate reporting and performance evaluation; and (k) environmental manage
27、ment system. associations; environmental interest groups; municipal, provincial and federal governments; organized labour; and the financial community. These groups realize that, to be competitive in a global economy, they must do more than simply comply with regulations. Nationally accepted, volunt
28、ary, and developed by consensus, the documents are intended to promote sound environmental management and auditing systems that are themselves based on nationally and internationally recognized management standards. The documents, being generic, can be adapted to the specific needs of any organizati
29、on. acknowledging, in particular, the support of the following members, who have helped initiate the overall program: Participants in the development of the documents represent business and industry CSA commends all those who have participated in the work of its Advisory Group Canadian Association o
30、f Petroleum Producers Canadian Auto Workers/Canadian Labour Congress Canadian Bankers Association Canadian Bar Association Canadian Chamber of Commerce Canadian Chemical Producers Association/Responsible Care Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Canadian Council of Professional Engineers
31、 Canadian Electrical Association Canadian Environmental Auditing Association Canadian Environmental Industry Association Canadian Federation of Independent Business Canadian Gas Association Canadian General Standards Board Canadian institute of Chartered Accountants Canadian Manufacturers Associatio
32、n Canadian Petroleum Products Institute Canadian Pulp and Paper Association Consumers Association of Canada Environment Canada Friends of the Earth Health Canada Industry Canada I nform atio n Tech nology Association of Canada International institute for Sustainable Development Major Industrial Acci
33、dent Council of Canada Mining Association of Canada Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association National Round Table on the Environment and Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Energy Pollution Probe Public Works govern ment regulation ; community and interest groups; customer and consumer preference
34、s; stakeholder and investor pressure; professional standards; employee concerns; and industry guiding principles and codes of practice. 1.2 These forces are persuasive, but they may be countered by several considerations including (a) cost; (b) competing priorities; (c) lack of education and awarene
35、ss; (d) inaccurate perceptions; and (e) absence of/or incomplete data. pass through five developmental steps, as depicted in Figure 2. Global experience in business, industry and government indicates that most ERP programs January 1995 1 2766-95 I Figure 1 ERP Goals 2 Januay 1995 CSA 2766-75 * 38750
36、68 0533072 202 Environmentally Responsible Procurement (“Green Procurementy 1 Current Practices Figure 2 ERP Program Framework January 1995 3 CSA 2766-95 Xt W 1875068 0533073 349 2766-95 2. Definitions The following definitions apply in this Information Product: Blue angel-a German initiative to est
37、ablish categories, set guidelines, test products, and grant the use of its logo; this helps consumers identify products that are energy-efficient, use recycled or recyclable materials, minimize use of hazardous substances, or reduce pollution. Component-the product and/or the package and/or any clea
38、rly identifiable element thereof. Conversion-the manufacturing process of recycling a machine into another model or configuration which, during the conversion process, has been disassembled to a predetermined standard with defective components being replaced by new, reprocessed, or used components;
39、and the machine being inspected and tested to newly manufactured machine test standards. Disposal-( 1) final placement or destruction of toxic, radioactive, or other wastes; surplus or banned substances; polluted soils; or drums containing hazardous materials from removal actions or accidental relea
40、ses. (2) discarding of materials or wastes that have no significant recyclable value. Environmental choice program-a Canadian government environmental initiative to establish categories, set guidelines, test products, and grant the use of its “EcoLogo“; helps consumers identify products that reduce
41、the burden of products and services on the environment. Environmental Iabel/claim-any term and/or symbol describing or promoting environmental attributes or features that is printed on or affixed to a package or product. Environmental claims may be made directly, or may arise by implication through
42、the product name (e, “Ecosafe“), packaging imageryldesign (e, natural landscape or wildlife imagery), or associative words or statements printed on the product or package. Environmental labelling-a distinct mark, writing, or symbol that helps consumers identify products that are energy-efficient, us
43、e recycled or recyclable materials, or minimize use of hazardous substances. Examples are recycled or recyclable marks, the Blue Angel, EcoLogo, Green Seal, and Green Cross certification. Green seal-a US product labelling initiative to identify environmentally conscious products, sei standards, and
44、certify products that meet established criteria for low life-cycle impact. Labelled item-the package and/or product on which an environmental claim appears. Landfill or landfilling-disposal of a waste material in or on the land at a designated or licensed location, where it is permitted to dispose o
45、f nonhazardous waste. Life cycle assessment (LCA)-a concept and a method to evaluate the environmental effects of a product or activity holistically, by analysing its entire life cycle. This includes identifying and quantifying energy and materials used and wastes released to the environment, assess
46、ing their environmental impact, and evaluating opportunities for improvement. The life cycle assessment consists of four complementary components-initiation, inventory, impact, and improvement. 4 January 1995 CSA 2766-95 * D 1875068 0533074 O5 m Environmentally Responsible Procurement (?%reen Procur
47、ement?7 Packagelpackaging-a material or item that is used to protect, contain, or transport a commodity or product. A package can also be a material item that is physically attached to a product or its container for the purpose of marketing the product or communicating information about the product.
48、 Pesticide-substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating pests. Also, any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant. Product-any commodity, good, or item distributed for promotional use, rent,
49、lease, or sale. Recovery rate-the percent of usable recyclable materials removed from the waste stream in a specific area or by a specific business. Recyclable-a product, package, or element thereof is recyclable if it can be diverted from the waste stream and, through existing commercial processes, be processed and returned to use in the form of raw materials or products. Recycle-reusing an item by converting it to another state or by reclaiming valuable resources for another use. Recycled content-a product?s used-material content. Reuse-using
