1、Januar 2015DEUTSCHE NORM DIN-Normenausschuss Luft- und Raumfahrt (NL)Preisgruppe 14DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V. Jede Art der Vervielfltigung, auch auszugsweise, nur mit Genehmigung des DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin, gestattet.ICS 49.140!%=e“2269266www.din.deDDIN EN 16602
2、-70-03Raumfahrtproduktsicherung Schwarzes Anodisieren von Metallen mit anorganischen Farben;Englische Fassung EN 16602-70-03:2014Space product assurance Black-anodizing of metals with inorganic dyes;English version EN 16602-70-03:2014Assurance produit des projets spatiaux Anodisation noire des mtaux
3、 avec colorants non organiques;Version anglaise EN 16602-70-03:2014Alleinverkauf der Normen durch Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin www.beuth.deGesamtumfang 29 SeitenDIN EN 16602-70-03:2015-01 2 Nationales Vorwort Dieses Dokument (EN 16602-70-03:2014) wurde vom Technischen Komitee CEN/CLC/TC 5 Raumfah
4、rt“ erarbeitet, dessen Sekretariat vom DIN (Deutschland) gehalten wird. Das zustndige deutsche Normungsgremium ist der Arbeitsausschuss NA 131-10-01 AA Interoperabilitt von Informations-, Kommunikations- und Navigationssystemen“ im DIN-Normenausschuss Luft- und Raumfahrt (NL). Dieses Dokument (EN 16
5、602-70-03:2014) basiert auf ECSS-Q-ST-70-03C. Dieses Dokument enthlt unter Bercksichtigung des DIN-Prsidialbeschlusses 1/2004 nur die englische Originalfassung von EN 16602-70-03:2014. Dieses Dokument wurde speziell zur Behandlung von Raumfahrtsystemen erarbeitet und hat daher Vorrang vor jeglicher
6、Europischer Norm, da es denselben Anwendungsbereich hat, jedoch ber einen greren Geltungsbereich (z. B. Luft- und Raumfahrt) verfgt. DIN EN 16602-70-03:2015-01 3 Nationaler Anhang NA (informativ) Begriffe, Symbole und Abkrzungen 3 Begriffe, Symbole und Abkrzungen 3.1 Begriffe aus anderen Normen Fr d
7、ie Anwendung dieses Dokuments gelten die Begriffe nach ECSS-S-ST-00-01. 3.2 Fr diese Norm spezifische Begriffe 3.2.1 Anodisieren Aufbringen einer dnnen Schicht auf eine metallische Oberflche durch kombinierte elektrolytische und chemische Wirkungen 3.2.2 Charge (Werkstoffcharge) Werkstoff aus demsel
8、ben Gie-Los (derselben Schmelze), der die gleichen Umwandlungsprozesse und die gleiche Wrmebehandlung durchlaufen hat 3.2.3 Gesamtemissionsgrad () Quotient aus der Strahlungsintensitt des Probekrpers und der Strahlungsintensitt, die von einem Schwarzkrperstrahler bei der gleichen Temperatur und unte
9、r den gleichen geometrischen Bedingungen und bei gleichen Wellenlngen abgestrahlt wird ANMERKUNG Zu unterscheiden sind: der hemisphrische Gesamtemissionsgrad (h) Einfalls- oder Betrachtungsbedingungen fr den Strahlungsfluss im Halbraum. der gerichtete Gesamtemissionsgrad (n) Einfalls- und Betrachtun
10、gsbedingungen ber einen Raumwinkel normal zum Probekrper. Der Quotient bezieht sich auf den Gesamtemissionsgrad normal zur Oberflche des emittierenden Krpers. 3.2.4 solares spektrales Absorptionsma (s) Quotient aus dem von einem Werkstoff (oder einem Krper) absorbierten solaren Strahlungsfluss und d
11、em auf den Werkstoff (oder Krper) auftreffenden Strahlungsfluss ANMERKUNG Messverfahren sind: spektroskopisches Verfahren zur Bestimmung von sunter Anwendung eines Photospektrometers fr den Bereich von 0,25 m bis 2,5 m; tragbare Ausrstung unter Anwendung eines Xenon-Blitzes fr vergleichende Messunge
12、n (p). DIN EN 16602-70-03:2015-01 4 3.2.5 Probekrper Teil, fr das die Eignung einer bestimmten Behandlung bewertet wird, indem das Teil einer Behandlung unter-zogen wird, die mglichst exakt der Behandlung der Werkstcke entspricht ANMERKUNG Probekrper knnen zerstrend geprft werden. 3.2.6 Werkstck Tei
13、l, das fr eine Verwendung als Weltraum-Hardware vorgesehen ist und fr das die Eignung einer bestimmten Behandlung durch Prfungen an Teilen bewertet wird, die mglichst den gleichen Behandlungs-bedingungen wie die Werkstcke unterzogen wurden EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16602-7
14、0-03 October 2014 ICS 49.140 English version Space product assurance Black-anodizing of metals with inorganic dyes Assurance produit des projets spatiaux Anodisation noire des mtaux avec colorants non organiques Raumfahrtproduktsicherung Schwarzes Anodisieren von Metallen mit anorganischen Farben Th
15、is European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 March 2014. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliograph
16、ical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the r
17、esponsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, C
18、yprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
19、Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 16602-70-03:2014 E EN 16602-70-03:2014 (E) 2 Table of contents Table of
20、contents . 2 Foreword 4 Introduction 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 8 3.1 Terms defined in other standards . 8 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 8 4 Principles 10 5 Requirements 11 5.1 Prior to anodizing 11 5.2 Work-piece selection and
21、preparation . 11 5.3 Facilities . 12 5.4 Anodizing 12 5.4.1 General . 12 5.4.2 Process control . 12 5.4.3 Two-step and integral colouring methods 13 5.4.4 Treatment termination . 14 5.5 Handling and storage of materials and parts . 14 5.5.1 Material storage 14 5.5.2 Material handling and storage . 1
22、4 5.6 Acceptance criteria . 14 5.6.1 General . 14 5.6.2 Visual inspection . 14 5.6.3 Verification testing . 15 5.7 Quality assurance . 16 5.7.1 General . 16 5.7.2 Specific requirements 16 DIN EN 16602-70-03:2015-01 EN 16602-70-03:2014 (E) 3 Annex A (informative) Recipes for aluminium treatment . 18
23、A.1 Introduction . 18 A.2 Utilities 18 A.3 Hazards, health and safety precautions 18 A.4 Surface preparation 19 A.5 Anodizing process set-up 20 A.5.1 Hardware 20 A.5.2 Anodizing bath composition 20 A.5.3 Experimental parameters 21 A.6 Dyeing and sealing process 22 A.6.1 General . 22 A.6.2 Cobalt sul
24、phide black dying process . 22 A.6.3 Nickel sulphide black dyeing process 22 A.7 Process summary . 23 Bibliography . 25 Tables Table A-1 : Chemical species and associated hazard 19 Table A-2 : Anodizing electrolyte composition limits. 21 Table A-3 : Summary of pre-treatment (see A.4) 23 Table A-4 :
25、Summary of anodizing (see A.5) 23 Table A-5 : Dyeing with cobalt sulphide (see A.6.2) 24 Table A-6 : Dyeing with nickel sulphide (see A.6.3) 24 DIN EN 16602-70-03:2015-01 EN 16602-70-03:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 16602-70-03:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/CLC/TC 5 “Spa
26、ce”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This standard (EN 16602-70-03:2014) originates from ECSS-Q-ST-70-03C. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2015, and conflicting nati
27、onal standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2015 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been p
28、repared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This document has been developed to cover specifically space systems and has therefore precedence over any EN covering the same scope but with a wider domain of applicability (e.g. : aerospace).
29、According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Ger
30、many, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 16602-70-03:2015-01 EN 16602-70-03:2014 (E) 5 Introduction Passive thermal contr
31、ol systems onboard spacecraft are often based on the thermo-optical properties of the surfaces, namely emissivity and absorbance. The ratio of these two properties defines the equilibrium temperature of the surface. This Standard provides requirements for black-anodizing surface treatment applied on
32、 metallic surfaces to achieve an emissivity versus absorbance ratio close to unity, as requested for many applications. DIN EN 16602-70-03:2015-01 EN 16602-70-03:2014 (E) 6 1 Scope This Standard defines requirements for measurements and verifications to guarantee that an anodized coating is adequate
33、 for the intended application. The requirements set by this Standard ensure high reliability of surface treatments intended to withstand normal terrestrial conditions and environment loads imposed on spacecraft and associated equipment where surfaces require high solar absorptance, high emittance, h
34、igh optical blackness, or a combination of these properties. This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristics and constraints of a space project, in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00. DIN EN 16602-70-03:2015-01 EN 16602-70-03:2014 (E) 7 2 Normative references The following normative docume
35、nts contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revision of any of these publications do not apply, However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are encouraged to investigate t
36、he possibility of applying the more recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN reference Reference in text Title EN 16601-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system Glossary of terms EN 16602-20 ECSS-Q-ST-2
37、0 Space product assurance Quality assurance EN 16602-70 ECSS-Q-ST-70 Space product assurance Materials, mechanical parts and processes EN 16602-70-04 ECSS-Q-ST-70-04 Space product assurance Thermal testing for the evaluation of space materials, processes, mechanical parts and assemblies EN 16602-70-
38、09 ECSS-Q-ST-70-09 Space product assurance Measurement of thermo-optical properties of thermal control materials EN 16602-70-13 ECSS-Q-ST-70-13 Space product assurance Measurements of the peel and pull-off strength of coatings and finishes using pressure-sensitive tapes DIN EN 16602-70-03:2015-01 EN
39、 16602-70-03:2014 (E) 8 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms defined in other standards For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 apply. 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard 3.2.1 anodizing placing a film coating on a metal surface by an e
40、lectrolytic or chemical action 3.2.2 batch (material) material that originates from the same casting lot, and followed the same transformation processes and the same heat treatment 3.2.3 emittance () ratio of the radiant intensity of the specimen to that emitted by a black body radiator at the same
41、temperature and under the same geometric and wavelength conditions NOTE Differentiation is made between: Hemispherical emittance (h) - conditions for incidence or viewing of flux over a hemispherical region. Normal emittance (n) - conditions for incidence or viewing through a solid angle normal to t
42、he specimen. Ratio refers to the emissivity normal to the surface of the emitting body. 3.2.4 solar absorbance (s) ratio of the solar radiant flux absorbed by a material (or body) to that incident upon it NOTE Measurement methods are: Spectroscopic method using a photo-spectrometer covering the rang
43、e from 0,25 m DIN EN 16602-70-03:2015-01 EN 16602-70-03:2014 (E) 9 up to 2,5 m for the determination of s. Portable equipment using a xenon flash for relative measurements (p) 3.2.5 test piece piece that follows a treatment as close as possible than that is applied on the workpieces with the purpose
44、 of assessing the suitability of the process NOTE A test piece can be destructively tested. 3.2.6 workpiece piece that is intended to be used as space-hardware and for which the adequacy of the treatment is assessed by tests performed on work pieces treated in as similar as possible conditions than
45、the workpiece DIN EN 16602-70-03:2015-01 EN 16602-70-03:2014 (E) 10 4 Principles The black-anodizing of a metal consists of submitting the part to be coated to a controlled oxidation treatment during which the metallic surface is transformed into an oxide layer, partly growing in the substrate. Comp
46、ounds or dyes are sealed in the oxidized layer, thus providing the required optical or thermo-optical properties to the surface. For space applications, only inorganic dyes are suitable, as radiation do not strongly impact on their thermo-optical properties. Depending on the specific project require
47、ments, the coating fulfils part or all the acceptance criteria given in this Standard. Not all metals and alloys are suitable for black- anodizing treatment. The most commonly treated are titanium, aluminium and their alloys. In particular, the composition of the alloy, the manufacturing process and
48、 the alloy temper can have an impact on the response to the black- anodizing. Aluminium alloys containing a high amount of copper (5 %), zinc (6 %) or silicon (5 %) are known to respond poorly to some treatments. Wrought alloys are generally easier to treat than cast alloys. The manufacturing proces
49、s of the part to be coated can have an impact on its response to the black- anodizing process. Also the geometry of the hardware can limit the possibility to coat the part. The surface quality of the parts to be coated has an influence of the coating results, since the anodization layer mimics the surface characteristics of the underlying substrate. Several requirements are therefore identified in order to select and prepare suitable work-pieces. Annex A describes for in
