1、 , () INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION (ISC) ISO 14238 2014 (ISO 14238:2012, IDT) ISO 142382014 II , 1.092 . 1.22009 . , . , , , 1 - , 5 2 ( 025) 3 , ( 30 2014 . 67-) : (ISO 3166) 00497 (ISO 3166) 00497 AM BY KG RU UA 4 05 2014 . 511- ISO 14238-2014 01 2015 . 5 ISO
2、 14238:2012 Soil quality Biological methods Determination of nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in soils and the influence of chemicals on these processes ( . . ) SC 4 ISO/TC 190 (ISO). () (/), , (3) (/3), , . (en). , , . . (IDT) 6 ISO 142382014 III , . () . , , 2015 , ISO 142382014 IV , . .
3、, , () (). , . ISO 142382014 1 Soil quality. Biological methods. Determination of nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in soils and the influence of chemicals on these processes 2015 07 01 1 . . , . 2 . . ( ): ISO 10381-6 Soil quality Sampling Part 6: Guidance on the collection, handling and st
4、orage of soil under aerobic conditions for the assessment of microbiological processes, biomass and diversity in the laboratory ( . . 6. , , ) ISO 10390 Soil quality Determination of pH ( . ) ISO 10694 Soil quality Determination of organic and total carbon after dry combustion (elementary analysis)
5、. ( ) ISO 11260 Soil quality Determination of effective cation exchange capacity and base saturation level using barium chloride solution ( . ) ISO 11261 Soil quality Determination of total nitrogen Modified Kjeldahl method ( . . ) ISO 11274 Soil quality Determination of the water-retention characte
6、ristic Laboratory methods ( . . ) ISO 11277 Soil quality Determination of particle size distribution in mineral soil material Method by sieving and sedimentation ( . . ) ISO 11465 Soil quality Determination of dry matter and water content on a mass basis Gravimetric method ( . . ) 3 : ISO 142382014
7、2 3.1 (nitrogen mineralization, N-mineralization): . 3.2 (ammonification): . 3.3 (nitrification): . 3.4 (inhibitory dose, IDx): , , ( ) . ID25 ID50 25 %- 50 %- . 4 , , , , . , . 5 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.1.1 , , , , () . 5.1.1.2 ( ) ( 0,5 % 1,5 %) . , , . 5 , . . 5.1.2 , ISO 10381-6 , . : - ; - () ; - , ; - .
8、 5.1.3 : ) : - , ISO 11277; - ISO 11465; - ISO 11274 / , ; b) : ISO 142382014 3 - ISO 10390; - ISO 11260; - ISO 10694; - ISO 11261. 5.2 5.2.1 , , 0,05 0,2 . 5.2.2 , c (KCl) = 1 / (/3). 5.2.3 100 /. : - :N 16:1; - :N 16:1; - . . . , , (NH4)2SO4. 5.3 . , . . , . ( ): - (IUPAK); - ; - CAS; - ; - ; - ; - ; - ; - / (POW); - (); - (). 6 , : 6.1 . 6.2 ( ). 6.3 , 7 7.1 7.1.1 , , , () . 7.1.2 ISO 142382014 4 ( ). , 0 28 . , . , , (, ), , . , . 7.2 7.2.1 , 5.2.3, . . , . 7.2.2 , 5.2.3. -, C/N ( , 16:1), . (5
