1、 Recommendation ITU-R BT.1872-1 (12/2017) User requirements for broadcast auxiliary services including digital television outside broadcast, electronic/satellite news gathering and electronic field production BT Series Broadcasting service (television) ii Rec. ITU-R BT.1872-1 Foreword The role of th
2、e Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. T
3、he regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy
4、 for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http:/www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for
5、 ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Recommendations (Also available online at http:/www.itu.int/publ/R-REC/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting serv
6、ice (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordina
7、tion between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management SNG Satellite news gathering TF Time signals and frequency standards emissions V Vocabulary and related subjects Note: This ITU-R Recommendation was approved in English under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1. E
8、lectronic Publication Geneva, 2017 ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-R BT.1872-1 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1872-1 User requirements for broadcast auxiliary services including digital telev
9、ision outside broadcast, electronic/satellite news gathering and electronic field production (2010-2017) Scope This Recommendation deals with user requirements for broadcast auxiliary services (BAS). It contains typical operational requirements for digital TVOB, ENG/SNG and EFP, which may be used by
10、 administrations when planning usage of their fixed and mobile TVOB, ENG and EFP applications. Keywords BAS, EFP, ENG, SAP, TVOB The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that electronic news gathering (ENG), television outside broadcast (TVOB) and electronic field production (EFP) are mor
11、e generically referred to as services ancillary to programme (SAP) making and broadcast auxiliary services (BAS); b) that some administrations have implemented television SAP/BAS applications in SDTV and HDTV modes which have varying bandwidth requirements; c) that SAP/BAS applications are required
12、to operate in many parts of the world, and in locations where events of national, regional and international importance may occur; d) that coverage produced by SAP/BAS applications must be delivered to the appropriate network facility, which is often remote from the area where the BAS applications o
13、perate; e) that delivery of SAP/BAS coverage may be effected, depending on circumstances: by physical delivery of recorded media; by transmission of the signal over portable microwave links; and by injection of the signal in a switched telecommunication network; f) that the user requirements specifi
14、c to SAP/BAS operations in terms of: received picture quality; received sound quality; number of sound channels; transmission channel bandwidth and reliability; equipment size and weight; and talkback facilities, etc., are often different from those that apply to normal sound and television broadcas
15、ting contribution transmissions, and they are often specific to the operating environment of SAP/BAS in a serviced or originating administration; g) that such user requirements are generally independent of the delivery method used, 2 Rec. ITU-R BT.1872-1 noting a) Report ITU-R BT.2069 Tuning ranges
16、and operational characteristics of terrestrial electronic news gathering (ENG), television outside broadcast (TVOB) and electronic field production (EFP) systems; b) Report ITU-R BT.2344 Information on technical parameters, operational characteristics and deployment scenarios of SAB/SAP as utilized
17、in broadcasting; c) Recommendation ITU-R BT.1868 User requirements for codecs for transmission of television signals through contribution, primary distribution, and SNG networks; d) Recommendation ITU-R F.1777 System characteristics of television outside broadcast, electronic news gathering and elec
18、tronic field production in the fixed service for use in sharing studies, provides user requirements for BAS in the fixed service; e) Recommendation ITU-R M.1824 System characteristics of television outside broadcast, electronic news gathering and electronic field production in the mobile service for
19、 use in sharing studies, provides operational characteristics for BAS in the mobile service; f) Recommendation ITU-R BT.1203 User requirements for generic video bit-rate reduction coding of digital TV signals for an end-to-end television system; g) Recommendation ITU-R BS.1196 Audio coding for digit
20、al broadcasting; h) Recommendation ITU-R BS.1548 User requirements for audio coding systems for digital broadcasting, recognizing a) that some administrations operate extensive terrestrial SAP/BAS under fixed service operations; b) that some administrations operate extensive terrestrial SAP/BAS unde
21、r mobile service operations; c) that some administrations have extended SAP/BAS to airborne and seaborne applications; d) that SAP/BAS applications have been increasingly linked to emergency and disaster relief situations and global circulation of radiocommunication equipment, taking into account Re
22、commendation ITU-R M.1637, recommends that the description of the user requirements and key characteristics for digital UHDTV/HDTV/SDTV transmissions in the fixed and mobile services of digital terrestrial BAS in Annex 1 should be referred to by administrations when considerations are made toward in
23、teroperability and harmonization of SAP/BAS operational practices. Abbreviations BAS broadcast auxiliary services EFP electronic field production ENG electronic news gathering SAP services ancillary to programme SNG satellite news gathering TVOB television outside broadcast Rec. ITU-R BT.1872-1 3 An
24、nex 1 User requirements for broadcast auxiliary services including digital TVOB, ENG/SNG and EFP The user requirements for BAS are provided for the information of administrations seeking to operate services ancillary to broadcasting when considerations are made toward interoperability and harmonizat
25、ion for the operation of BAS within one administration which may extend to another administration. Table 1 provides user requirements and technical parameters in terms of basic video and audio quality for transmission of digital HDTV/SDTV using ENG systems that employ MPEG-2, H.264|MPEG-4 AVC, or H.
26、265|HEVC codec. Table 2 provides user requirements and the example of technical parameters for transmission of digital HDTV/SDTV using ENG systems when assigned in the fixed service. Table 3 provides user requirements and the example of technical parameters for transmission of digital HDTV/SDTV usin
27、g ENG systems when assigned in the mobile service. Table 4 provides user requirements and technical parameters in terms of basic video and audio quality for transmission of digital UHDTV using ENG systems that employ H.265|HEVC codec. Whilst in practice a range of operating parameters may be employe
28、d, these examples provide an indication of current system parameters. 4 Rec. ITU-R BT.1872-1 TABLE 1 User requirements and technical parameters in terms of basic video and audio quality for transmission of digital HDTV/SDTV signals in ENG applications Item User requirements Technical parameters Basi
29、c video signal quality Degradation of picture quality 12% with DSCQS method as specified in Rec. ITU-R BT.1868. (See also Rec. ITU-R BT.1203) HDTV: Video bit rate for 3 codecs in tandem: 52 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 13818-2 | Rec. ITU-T H.262, 4:2:2PHL) 35 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 14496-10 | Rec. ITU-T H.2
30、64, Level 4/ High 4:2:2, see Report ITU-R BT.2069) 30 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 23008-2 | Rec. ITU-T H.265 Main 422 10 Level 4.1) Video bit rate for single codec: 21 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 14496-10 | Rec. ITU-T H.264 Level 4/ High 4:2:2, see Report ITU-R BT.2069) 18 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 23008-2 | Rec. I
31、TU-T H.265 Main 422 10 Level 4.1) SDTV: Video bit rate: 15 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 13818-2 | Rec. ITU-T H.262, 4:2:2PML with long-GOP) Video bit rate: 10 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 14496-10 | Rec. ITU-T H.264, Level 3/High 4:2:2) Basic sound signal quality Audio quality 4.5 in the impairment 5 scale as spe
32、cified in Rec. ITU-R BS.1548. Comparable to uncompressed Linear PCM (48 kHz, 16 bit/ch, or more). Uncompressed sound signal Linear PCM (e.g. 768 kbit/s per channel for 48 kHz, 16 bits or 1152 kbits per channel for 48 kHz, 24 bits) Compressed sound signal: e.g. MPEG-1 layer II 180 kbit/s per channel
33、or MPEG-4 HE-AAC v2 with 96 kbit/s per channel. See Rec. ITU-R BS.1196 Rec. ITU-R BT.1872-1 5 TABLE 2 User requirements and the example of technical parameters for transmission of digital HDTV/SDTV signals in the fixed service Item User requirements Example of technical parameters Latency As short d
34、elay as possible 500 ms Transmission bandwidth 8 MHz, 9 MHz, 18 MHz and 24 MHz See Rec. ITU-R F.1777 Transmission power 1.76-7 dBW Frequency 6-7 GHz, 10 GHz and 13 GHz bands Antenna Tx 0.6 m dish Transmission distance: 6-7 GHz: 50-100 km (depending on necessary margin) 10 GHz: 7 km (with necessary r
35、ain margin) 13 GHz: 5 km (with necessary rain margin) Rx 0.6 m dish Modulation Multi-QAM (16, 32, 64); QPSK-OFDM See Rec. ITU-R F.1777 Transmission capacity To support all the above transmission parameters Up to 66 Mbit/s (depending on bandwidth and modulation, see Rec. ITU-R F.1777) Environmental r
36、eliability System should be reliable in all possible environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, etc.) Temperature: 0 to 50 C (outdoor units) 5 to 45 C (indoor units) Relative humidity: 95% non condensing Ease of alignment System should have built-in facility to generate certain test signals Co
37、lour bar generator with 16 character identity Size and weight Small in size and light in weight for easy and quick operationalization Recording media Should have facility to record using all accepted media types Tapes; DVDs; Blu Ray discs and hard discs 6 Rec. ITU-R BT.1872-1 TABLE 3 User requiremen
38、ts and the example of technical parameters for transmission of digital HDTV/SDTV signals in the mobile service Item User requirements Example of technical parameters Latency As short delay as possible 500 ms Transmission bandwidth 9 MHz, 18 MHz, 27 MHz and 80 MHz See Rec. ITU-R M.1824 UHF Transmissi
39、on power 7 dBW Transmission distance: 4 km Frequency 800 MHz band Tx antenna Co-linear Rx antenna Yagi Microwave Transmission power 4 dBW, 7 dBW Transmission distance: 4 km Frequency 6-7 GHz, 10 GHz and 13 GHz bands Tx antenna Horn, parabolic, helix Rx antenna 0.3 m dish Airborne Tx antenna 0.2 m di
40、sh Transmission distance: 6-7 GHz: 50-65 km (depending on necessary margin) 10 GHz: 7 km (with necessary rain margin) 13 GHz: 5 km (with necessary rain margin) Rx antenna 1.2 m dish Modulation Multi-QAM (16, 32, 64), QPSK-OFDM See Rec. ITU-R M.1824 Transmission capacity To support all the above tran
41、smission parameters Up to 60 Mbit/s (depending on bandwidth and modulation, see Rec. ITU-R M.1824) Environmental reliability System should be reliable in all possible environmental conditions (temperature, humidity etc.) Temperature: 0 to 50 C (outdoor units) 5 to 45 C (indoor units) Relative humidi
42、ty: 95% non condensing Ease of alignment System should have built-in facility to generate certain test signals for ease of alignment process Colour bar generator with 16 character identity Size and weight Small in size and light in weight for easy and quick operationalization Rec. ITU-R BT.1872-1 7
43、TABLE 4 User requirements and technical parameters in terms of basic video and audio quality for transmission of digital UHDTV signals in ENG applications Item User requirements Technical parameters Basic video signal quality Degradation of picture quality 12% with DSCQS method as specified in Rec.
44、ITU-R BT.1868. (See also Rec. ITU-R BT.1203) 8K UHDTV: Video bit rate for 3 codecs in tandem: 285 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 23008-2 | Rec. ITU-T H.265 Main 422 10 Level 6.1) Video bit rate for single codec: 140 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 23008-2 | Rec. ITU-T H.265 Main 422 10 Level 6.1) 4K UHDTV: Video bit r
45、ate for 3 codecs in tandem: 145 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 23008-2 | Rec. ITU-T H.265 Main 422 10 Level 5.1) Video bit rate for single codec: 96 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 23008-2 | Rec. ITU-T H.265 Main 422 10 Level 5.1) Basic sound signal quality Audio quality 4.5 in the impairment 5 scale as specified in R
46、ec. ITU-R BS.1548. Comparable to uncompressed Linear PCM (48 kHz, 16 bit/ch, or more) Uncompressed sound signal Linear PCM (e.g. 768 kbit/s per channel for 48 kHz, 16 bits or 1152 kbit/s per channel for 48 kHz, 24 bits) Compressed sound signal: e.g. MPEG-1 layer II 180 kbit/s per channel or MPEG-4 HE-AAC v2 with 96 kbit/s per channel. See Rec. ITU-R BS.1196
