1、2009 年厦门大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析一、名词解释1 folktale2 first-person narrative3 tragedy4 confessional poetry5 new historic6 satire二、匹配题7 Poor Richards Almanac8 The Raven and Other Poems9 “ Self-Reliance“10 Merchant of Venice11 For Whom the Bell Tolls12 The Grass Is Singing13 Women in Love 14 Passage to Indi
2、a三、问答题15 Discuss the symbols used in The Scarlet Letter.16 What are the main characteristics of modernism in literature?四、评论题17 Jude(from: Jude the Obscure)18 Granny Weatherall(from: “The Jilting of Granny Weatherall“)19 Nick Carraway(from: The Great Gatsby)20 Montresor(from: “The Cask of Amontillad
3、o“)21 Hamlet(from; Hamlet)22 Jane Eyre(from: Jane Eyre)五、分析题23 Read the following poem and write a short essay based on the following questions in about 100 words(8 points):The Song of the Old MotherBy W. B. Yeats(1865-1939)I rise in the dawn, and I kneel and blow Till the seed of the fire flicker a
4、nd glow; And then I must scrub and bake and sweep Till stars are beginning to blink and peep; And the young lie long and dream in their bed Of the matching of ribbons for bosom and head, And their days go over in idleness.And they sigh if the wind but lift a tress: While I must work because I am old
5、, And the seed of the fire gets feeble and cold. Questions:A. What must the old mother do?B. What do the young do while the mother works?C. What does the last line mean? How do you feel about the mother presented in the poem?2009 年厦门大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案与解析一、名词解释1 【正确答案】 folktale; A folktale is a story
6、 passed on by word of mouth rather than by writing, and thus partly modified by successive retellings before being written down or recorded. The category includes legends, fables, jokes, fairy tales etc. Many folktales involve mythical creatures and magical transformations. A famous folktale is Thou
7、sand and One Nights.2 【正确答案】 first-person narrative: First-person narrative is a narrative mode in which a story is narrated by only one character at a time, who explicitly refers to him-or herself using words and phrases involving “I“ and/or “we“. This allows the reader or audience to see the point
8、 of view(including opinions, thoughts, and feelings)only of the narrator, and no other characters.3 【正确答案】 tragedy: A tragedy is a story that presents courageous individuals who confront powerful forces within or outside themselves with a dignity that reveals the breadth and depth of the human spiri
9、t in the face of failure, defeat, and even death. Tragedies recount an individual s downfall; they usually begin high and end low. Shakespeare is known for his tragedies, including Macbeth, King Lear, Othello, and Hamlet.4 【正确答案】 confessional poetry: Confessional poetry traffics in intimate, and som
10、etimes unflattering, information about details of the poet s personal life, such as in poems about illness, sexuality, and despondence. The confessionalist label was applied to a number of poets of the 1950s and 1960s. John Berryman, Allen Ginsberg, Robert Lowell and Anne Sexton have all been called
11、 “ Confessional Poets“.5 【正确答案】 new historic; New Historicism is a school of literary theory that developed in the 1980s, primarily through the work of the critic Stephen Greenblatt, and gained widespread influence in the 1990s. New Historicists aim simultaneously to understand the work through its
12、historical context and to understand cultural and intellectual history through literature, which documents the new discipline of the history of ideas.6 【正确答案】 satire: Satire is the literary art of ridiculing a folly or vice in order to expose or correct it. It e-vokes attitudes of amusement, contemp
13、t, scorn, or indignation toward its faulty subject in the hope of somehow improving it. A tradition of English verse satire runs through Donne, Jonson, Dryden, Pope, and Samuel Johnson; of prose satire, Addison, Swift, and Fielding.二、匹配题7 【正确答案】 Benjamin Franklin【试题解析】 (富兰克林的穷理查历书1732 年问世，印发持续长达 25
14、年之久，极受读者欢迎。)8 【正确答案】 Edgar Allan Poe【试题解析】 (坡是美国著名诗人、短篇小说家和文学评论家。乌鸦及其它诗歌是他的诗集。)9 【正确答案】 Ralph Waldo Emerson【试题解析】 (爱默生是美国著名哲学家、诗人和散文家。论自助是其超验主义著作之一。)10 【正确答案】 William Shakespeare【试题解析】 (威尼斯商人是莎士比亚的著名喜剧。)11 【正确答案】 Ernest Hemingway【试题解析】 (丧钟为谁而鸣(或译战地钟声)是海明威的小说，以 1936年西班牙内战为背景。)12 【正确答案】 Doris Lessing【
15、试题解析】 (野草在歌唱是诺贝尔文学奖获得者莱辛的一部小说。)13 【正确答案】 David Herbert Lawrence【试题解析】 (恋爱中的女人是劳伦斯的一部长篇小说，代表了他小说创作的最高成就。)14 【正确答案】 Edward Morgan Forster【试题解析】 (福斯特是英国著名小说家和散文家。印度之行是福斯特六部长篇小说中取得声望最高的作品，是根据他在印度的实际经历和感受写成的。)三、问答题15 【正确答案】 The most important symbol in the novel is the scarlet letter; “A“. Symbolic of He
16、ster s moral development is the gradual, imperceptible change which the scarlet letter undergoes in meaning. At first it is a token of shame, “ Adultery,“ but then the genuine sympathy and help Hester offers to her fellow villages changes it to “Able“. Later in the story, the letter A appears in the
17、 sky, signifying “ Angel. “ There is reason to agree with the critical observation that A may represent Adamic, or prehistoric, or archetypal vice suggestive of “original sin“. The names of Dim-mersdale and Chillingworth are symbolic too, as are the flower at the prison door, little Pearl, the wildn
18、ess on the verge of which stands the Puritan community, and so forth.16 【正确答案】 The theoretical base is irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis. Common themes are the distorted, alienated and ill relationships between man and nature, man and society, man and man, and man and himself.
19、Modernism writing shows a strong and conscious break with the past, by rejecting the moral, religious and cultural values of the past. Focuses in this period move away from the public to the private, from the objective to the subjective. Writers emphasize the psychic time over the chronological one,
20、 maintaining that the past, the present and the future are one and exist at the same time in the consciousness of individual as a continuous flow rather than a series of separate moments. A partial reaction against realism is also dominated.四、评论题17 【正确答案】 Jude(from: Jude the Obscure): Jude is the pr
21、otagonist in Jude the Obscure. Jude is entrapped into marrying Arabella Donn, and then falls in love with his cousin, Sue. But their love is not allowed by the social morality. The tragic death of their children casts Sue in an agony of remorse and self-debasement, so she returns to Phillotson. Jude
22、 takes to drink and dies miserably.18 【正确答案】 Granny Weatherall(from: “The Jilting of Granny Weatherall“): Granny Weatherall is the protagonist in “The Jilting of Granny Weatherall“ , a famous story by Katherine Anne Porter. Granny Weatherall, now eighty years old, is dying. On this last day of her l
23、ife, her mind is busy shuttling back and forth between now and the past, trying to look for an answer to the puzzle that has bothered her all her life.19 【正确答案】 Nick Carraway(from: The Great Gatsby): Nick Carraway is the narrator and a character of The Great Gatsby, a famous novel by American writer
24、 Fitzgerald. In The Great Gatsby, Nick is the neighbor of Gatsby. He is a 29-year-old bond salesman from Minnesota, a Yale graduate, a World War I veteran, and a resident of Long Island.20 【正确答案】 Montresor(from: “The Cask of Amontillado“): Montresor is the protagonist in “The Cask of A-montillado“ ,
25、 a short story by Allan Poe. Montresor tells the story of the night that he took his revenge on Fortunato, a fellow nobleman. Angry over some unspecified insult, Montresor murders his friend during Carnival when the man is drunk, and hangs his body by chains.21 【正确答案】 Hamlet(from; Hamlet); Hamlet is
26、 a fictional character, the protagonist in Shakespeare s tragedy Hamlet. He is the Prince of Denmark, nephew to the usurping Claudius and son of the previous King of Denmark, Old Hamlet. Throughout the play he struggles with whether, and how, to avenge the murder of his father, and struggles with hi
27、s own sanity along the way.22 【正确答案】 Jane Eyre(from: Jane Eyre): Jane Eyre is the protagonist of Jane Eyre. Orphaned as a baby, Jane Eyre struggles through her nearly loveless childhood and becomes governess at Thornfield Hall. Her strong sense of conscience does not permit her to become Edward Roch
28、ester s mistress , and she does not return to him until his insane wife is dead and she herself has come into an inheritance.五、分析题23 【正确答案】 The old mother must work hard from the dawn to the midnight. She must get up early in the dawn. She has to start the stove, scrub the kitchen, bake the bread an
29、d sweep the yard. The young keep idle everyday. They lie long and dream in their bed, and their days go over in idleness, and they sigh for mere nothingness.The last line means the mother is old, and the fire of her life is getting feeble and cold now. In the poem, the fire the Old Mother lights in
30、the morning is meant to represent the Old Mother herself, waking up when the fire is blown, and resting when the fire grows both “cold“ and “feeble“. The poem explains the difficult chores and struggles of an aged, unfortunate woman and her bitter resentment to the younger females, whose worries of fondness and personal appearance pail to insignificance when compared to the toils of the woman.【试题解析】 (参考译文：母亲之歌我在清晨起床，跪在火炉旁用力吹着炉膛直到点点火星燃起，摇曳着红光。然后，擦洗器具，烘烤食物，打扫庭院直到群星满布，在天空眨眼窥探。孩子们睡到很晚，沉迷梦乡为美丽的人儿整理华装。他们的日子在虚空中流淌，只为那风吹散的长发留一声喟叹。而我必须要劳作，因为我老了，那燃烧的火种也渐渐微弱，冷却了。)
