1、2010 年中南大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷及答案与解析一、Diction1 Is vanity one of the seven deadly sins?（A）foolishness（B） sanity（C） pride（D）selfishness2 The child was uncomfortable under the scrutiny of his grandfather.（A）examination（B） weight（C） gaze（D）attention3 Professor Bright likes to ramble during her lectures.（A）mumble（
2、B） ruminate（C） wonder（D）wander4 The teacher is very exacting about his students penmanship.（A）lenient（B） demanding（C） careful（D）meticulous5 There are rumors of an economic menace from the dairy cooperatives.（A）problem（B） ultimatum（C） disaster（D）threat6 The driver was baffled when his turn signal wou
3、ldnt work.（A）confused（B） surprised（C） angered（D）dismayed7 The father gave his son a horse, which was considered extravagant by the rest of the family.（A）exorbitant（B） crazy（C） unwise（D）generous8 After the boy was hit on the head, he had no recollection of anything that had happened before.（A）memoir（
4、B） member（C） memory（D）memento9 The little girls were commended for their wonderful dance presentation.（A）recommended（B） respected（C） pleased（D）praised10 It would be a blessing for the human race if the mosquito could be eradicated.（A）wiped up（B） wiped away（C） wiped off（D）wiped out11 The clamorous gr
5、oup of children enjoyed the park all afternoon.（A）nosy（B） noxious（C） noisy（D）noisome12 The flood waters began to abate as soon as the rain ceased.（A）diminish（B） dim（C） deem（D）dilute13 New York Citys Brooklyn area holds 2.2 million diverse and disputatious people.（A）disreputable（B） argumentative（C） a
6、rbitrary（D）ardent14 Few visitors care that the neighborhood is dominated by highrises and skyscrapers.（A）overlooked（B） overthrown（C） overpassed（D）overshadowed15 With the new leadership there came sweeping change.（A）uprooting（B） wide-reaching（C） reaching（D）specific二、Structure and Rhetorie16 The sudde
7、n bankruptcy of these financial giants threw the investors _ and caused them to _.（A）in a panic, stampede（B） in a panic, panic（C） in confusion, hold their stocks（D）in despair, withdraw gradually17 During the flood of 1927, the Red Cross, _ out of emergency headquarters in Mississippi, set up tempora
8、ry shelters for the homeless.（A）operates（B） is operating（C） has operated（D）operating18 The quantum theory states _, such as light, is given off and absorbed in tiny definite units called quanta or photons.（A）energy that（B） that it is energy（C） it is energy（D）that energy19 The best known of all the A
9、rctic birds, _.（A）birdwatchers favor ptarmigans（B） being ptarmigans and birdwatchers favorites（C） favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchers（D）ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers20 Geysers are round near rivers and lakes, where water drains through fine soil _.（A）surface below the deep（B） dee
10、p below the surface（C） the deep below surface（D）the deep surface below21 “Yesterday he had a blue heart and coat.“ That is an example of _.（A）pun（B） metonymy（C） zeugma（D）syllepsis22 “By days end, I had drilled 4216 holes to a depth of 18 inches, and I had lost mine pounds, my hearing, feeling in bot
11、h hands and the ability to lift anything heavier than the evening paper.“ That is an example of _.（A）pun（B） syllepsis（C） anticlimax（D）allusion23 “Britannia rules the waves, Mussolini waives the rules.“ That is an example of _.（A）paregmenon（B） regression（C） paradox（D）zeugma24 “Clearly, when it comes
12、to marriage, practicing beforehand doesnt make perfect.“ That is an example of _.（A）oxymoron（B） transferred epithet（C） malapropism（D）parody25 “The one in the brown suit gaped at her. Blue suit grinned, might even have winked. The big nose in grey suit still staredand he had small angry eyes and did
13、not even smile.“ That is an example of _.（A）hyperbole（B） transferred epithet（C） metonymy（D）oxymoron三、Reading Comprehension25 For years, millions of Americans and people from around the world have crowded into the well-known major parks. They have read the travel literature or heard firsthand reports
14、 about these wonders, and naturally theyve had to see for themselves.At times, visiting some of our parks has become more like rubbing elbows at a jam-packed Major League baseball game than sensing the solitude of the wilderness. We have tried to see the most and the best in the least amount of time
15、. We have jumped into cars and campers and rushed off to cover a dozen parks in a week or two-madly snapping photographs as we go.26 According to the passage, many Americans visit the major parks because _.（A）they like the well-known major parks（B） they want to gain the same knowledge as others（C） t
16、hey want to show the pictures of those parks to their friends（D）they dont care for line historic parks27 We can infer from the passage that（A）people should not visit several parks superficially（B） people should not spend more time thinking about the park itself（C） people should visit the famous park
17、s in America（D）people should drive around the parks27 Full-time faculty and staff on the University payroll, when applying for an annual permit, may authorize payment of their parking fees by payroll deduction. The first deduction will include the regular monthly deduction of $15.00 plus a one-time
18、deduction to cover all parking charges accruing prior to the first deduction period.28 These instructions apply to _.（A）anyone who is applying for a parking permit（B） all people who want to park at the University（C） people who work full-time at the University（D）people who are applying to work at the
19、 University29 You may have your parking fees deducted from your pay if you（A）are applying for an annual permit（B） have paid all prior parking charges（C） apply before the first deduction period（D）park at the University regularly29 The science of linguistics has helped to reconstruct the long road the
20、 ancestors of modern day Indians traveled in North America. At the time of the discovery of the New World, line explorers found a babel of tongues. In North and South America more languages were spokenabout 2, 200 of themthan all of Europe and Asia at that time. Despite what some early explorers and
21、 European scholars believed, there never was such a language as “American Indian“meaning, presumably, one common language with only local dialects. Rather than one common language that linked the Indians of North America, about 550 distinct languages were spoken, and nearly every language comprised
22、numerous dialects. A second misconception was that a language had to be written to rank as a full-fledged language. In North America, a truly written language developed only in Mexico, yet most Indian groups were able to communicate a rich unwritten tradition of poetry, oratory, and drama.30 When ex
23、plorers discovered North America, _.（A）there was one common language spoken throughout the land（B） they discovered a placed called Babel（C） written language was an important means of communication（D）there were many languages spoken, most with many dialects31 An incorrect belief of some early scholar
24、s was that _.（A）550 distinct languages were spoken in North America（B） the American Indian language had many dialects（C） more languages were spoken in North America than in Europe（D）to be a real language, a language had to be written32 Which of the following statements is true according to the passa
25、ge?（A）Only Mexican Indians communicated through poetry, drama, and oration.（B） Most Indian languages were rich in poetry, oratory arid drama.（C） Only written Indian languages were rich in poetry, oratory, and drama.（D）North American Indians did not develop a truly written languag32 In general, our s
26、ociety is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations“ experts; yet all this oiling do
27、es not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not whole heartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-and white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and e
28、mployee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellec
29、tually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matt
30、er of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and againby the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business,
31、 and by their superiors who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etC. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than ones fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to
32、 the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century “free enterprise“ capitalism.7 Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal produ
33、ction and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialitiesthose of love and of reasonare the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling
34、 man.33 By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery“ the author intends to render the idea that man is _.（A）a necessary part of the society though each individuals function is negligible（B） working in complete harmony with the rest of the society（C） an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the s
35、ociety, though functioning smoothly（D）a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothly34 The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that _.（A）they are likely to lose their jobs（B） they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in life（C） they are faced with the f
36、undamental realities of human existence（D）they are deprived of their individuality and independence35 From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those _.（A）who are at the bottom of the society（B） who are higher up in their social status（C） who prove better than their follow
37、-competitors（D）who could keep far away from this competitive world36 To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should _.（A）resort to the production mode of our ancestors（B） offer higher wages to the workers and employees（C） enable man to fully develop his potentialities（D）take
38、 the fundamental realities for granted36 The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, pure, unprejudiced, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must provide more; it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is the most important assignment confron
39、ting American journalismto make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing (with the possible exception of society news) as “local“ news, because any event in the international area has
40、 local reaction in the financial market, political circles, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life.There is in journalism a widespread view that when you consider giving an interpretation, you are entering dangerous waters, the swirling tides of opinion. This is nonsense.The opponents of interpre
41、tation insist that the writer and the editor shall confine himself to the “facts“. This insistence raises two questions. What are the facts? And: Are the bare facts enough?As for the first question, consider how a so-called “factual“ story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out th
42、ese fifty, his space being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers most important. This is judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall constitute the beginning of the article. (This is an important decision because many readers do not proce
43、ed beyond the first paragraph.) This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on page one, where it has a large influence, or on page twenty-four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three.Thus in the presentation of a so-called “factual“ or “o
44、bjective“ story, at least three judgments are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which, reporter and editor, calling upon their research resources, their general background, and their “news neutralism“, arrive at a conclusion as to line significan
45、ce of the news.The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective rather than subjective processesas objective, that is, as any human being can be. (Note in passing: even though complete objectivity can never be achieved, nevertheless the ideal must always
46、 be the light in the murky news channels.) If an editor is intent on giving a prejudiced view of the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by the selection of those facts that support his particular viewpoint. Or he can do it by line play he gives
47、 a story-promoting it to page one or putting it on page thirty.37 The best title for this passage is _.（A）Function of the Night Editor（B） Interpreting the News（C） Subjective versus Objective Processes（D）Choosing Facts38 The author implies that _.（A）in writing a factual story, the writer must use jud
48、gment（B） fine writer should limit himself to the facts（C） reporters give s prejudiced view of the facts（D）editors control what the reporters write39 The beginning sentence should present the most important fact because _.（A）it will influence the reader to continue（B） most readers read only the first
49、 paragraph（C） it is line best way to write according to the schools of journalism（D）it details the general attitude of the writer40 Readers are justified in thinking that the most important aspect of the news reported in the newspaper is that it should be _.（A）interpreted in detail（B） edited properly（C） objectively reported（D）impartial四、Section A41 In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who shower us with unconditional love and care,
