1、2013 年国际关系学院英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 reciprocity in trade2 Ramadan3 infotainment4 aircraft carrier5 non-performing loan6 cost performance7 state fund allotment8 outsource9 free-lance professionals10 home game11 IAEA12 FTP13 TEFL14 OPEC15 SCO汉译英16 应试教育17 诺贝尔奖得主18 知识产权19 不结盟运动20 城乡低保21 对口支援22 扶贫、脱贫23 灰色收入
2、24 关税壁垒25 拳头产品26 试用期27 民办教师28 人口老龄化29 中央纪律检查委员会30 山寨手机英译汉31 People in China generally agree that it is important to celebrate the countrys rich history, but its culture police think there is too much of the wrong kind of celebrating going on. Two agencies, the Ministry of Culture and the State Admin
3、istration of Cultural Heritage, have banned the promotion of “ negative historical figures or literary works“ for tourism purposes, theoretically ending a longstanding practice by Chinese cities of playing up their ties to racy cultural icons like the lustful Ximen Qing through festivals, theme park
4、s and merchandise.A few lucky destinations in China, like Maos hometown of Shaoshan in Hunan province, are blessed with the notoriety of a state-approved celebrity, allowing them to rake in tourism dollars. But for most Chinese towns, bringing in tourists is hard work, which is made easier if they c
5、an stake a claim to someone famous, whether real, mythical or literary. Disputes can flare up among towns claiming to be the original homes of the same popular character. Just before the Ministry of Culture announced the new rules, Loufan county in Shanxi declared itself hometown of the Monkey King,
6、 challenging the same claim made first by Lianyugang City in Jiangsu, according to a recent article on Xinhuas English-language website.Critics say that this kind of cultural infighting is embarrassing to China, especially when attracting foreign dollars is the motive. It is better if these cities m
7、anage and protect their own cultural heritage and intangible cultural resources, rather than compete with each other and humiliate themselves.In the past, tourist stunts by Chinese towns have been heavily frowned upon by the public. A sex theme park in southwestern China was demolished before it eve
8、n opened, after inciting widespread condemnation. Earlier this year, public outcry forced government officials in Zhangjiajie to back away from plans to rename a local mountain “Avatar Hallelujah Mountain“ after the popular Hollywood movie. The latest crackdown, however, goes further than any one ca
9、mpaign and promises to lay out strict guidelines for what is appropriate cultural celebration in the coming weeks.汉译英32 近些年来，中国与印度经济均实现了迅猛增长。全球金融危机过后，德国经济去年萎缩了约 5，印度和中国经济却分别增长了 8左右。全球当前的复苏主要由新兴国家拉动尤其是印度和中国。“金砖四国” 将成为全球经济的增长动力。像德国这样的国家，将从这一趋势中获益。目前德国是中国在欧洲最大的贸易伙伴国，而中国是德国在亚洲最重要的出口市场。对德国生产的绿色、创新产品的需求正不
10、断上升。中国和印度企业也开始在德国投资，他们看重德国的技术和掌握熟练技能的工人。德国应当把中国和印度这一龙一虎当作吉祥物欢迎。他们的繁荣将确保德国的繁荣。2013 年国际关系学院英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 贸易互惠2 【正确答案】 斋月，又称莱麦丹月3 【正确答案】 新闻娱乐化4 【正确答案】 航空母舰5 【正确答案】 不良贷款6 【正确答案】 性价比7 【正确答案】 国家基金拨款8 【正确答案】 外包9 【正确答案】 自由职业者10 【正确答案】 主场比赛11 【正确答案】 国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency)12
11、【正确答案】 文件传输协议(File Transfer Protocol)13 【正确答案】 作为外语的英语教学(Teaching English as a Foreign Language)14 【正确答案】 石油输出国家组织(Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries)15 【正确答案】 上海合作组织(简称上合组织，Shanghai Cooperation Organization)汉译英16 【正确答案】 exam-oriented education17 【正确答案】 Nobel Laureates18 【正确答案】 intell
12、ectual property19 【正确答案】 non-aligned movement20 【正确答案】 subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents21 【正确答案】 partner assistance22 【正确答案】 poverty reduction/poverty alleviation23 【正确答案】 off-the-books income/gray income24 【正确答案】 tariff barriers25 【正确答案】 competitive products/hit products/fl
13、agship products26 【正确答案】 the probationary period/trial period27 【正确答案】 citizen-managed teachers28 【正确答案】 aging of population29 【正确答案】 Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC30 【正确答案】 emulational mobile phone英译汉31 【正确答案】 中国人普遍认为，庆祝中国的悠久历史意义重大，但中国的文化管理部门认为，对历史文化的不合理宣扬现象猖獗。中国文化部和国家文物局已禁
14、止出于发展旅游业的目的炒作“负面历史人物或文学作品” ，从理论上说，这将终止中国城市长期以来通过节日、主题公园和某些商品来宣扬自己与好色的西门庆等低俗文化形象之间存在联系的做法。在中国，为数不多的几个地区，比如毛主席的家乡湖南韶山，由于出了一位国家认可的名人，而幸运地借助名人吃上了旅游饭。但对中国的大多数城镇来说，招徕游客并非易事，可如果它们能与某位名人拉上关系，不管这人是真实存在，还是属于神话传说或文学作品，都能利于它们吸引游客。如果两个以上的城镇同时宣称自己为某位名人的故里，争执便会因此爆发。新华社英文网最近刊登的一篇文章中说，就在中国文化部宣布上述新规定之前，山西娄烦县刚刚宣布自己是美猴
15、王孙悟空的故乡，这对此前宣称自己是孙大圣故里的江苏连云港市构成了挑战。批评人士称，这种文化争夺战令中国尴尬，特别是当争斗动机为吸引海外游客时。与其相互竞争、自取其辱，这些城市应该管理和保护好自己的文化遗产和无形文化资源。以往，中国公众曾对一些城镇为发展旅游业而使用的噱头非常不满。中国西南一座性主题公园在招致广泛谴责后，甚至在开张前就被拆毁了。今年早些时候，公众舆论迫使湖南张家界的政府官员放弃将当地一座山峰改名为“阿凡达哈利路亚峰” 的计划。好莱坞大片阿凡达中的“哈利路亚峰” 取景于此。这次整治行动的规模前所未有，行动承诺会在未来几周内制定出正确举办文化庆典活动的指导原则。汉译英32 【正确答案
16、】 In the last few years, China and India have experienced dramatic economic growth. While Germanys economic performance declined by around 5 percent last year in the wake of the global financial crisis, the Indian and Chinese economies posted gains of roughly 8 percent. In addition, the recovery now
17、 under way worldwide is being driven primarily by emerging countriesabove all, by India and China. BRIC countries(Brazil, Russia, India and China)will be growth drivers of the world economy in the next few years. Countries like Germany will benefit from this trend. Today, Germany is by far Chinas la
18、rgest trading partner in Europe, while China is Germanys most important export market in Asia. The demand for green, innovative products made in Germany is increasing. Chinese and Indian companies are investing in Germany as well because they appreciate German know-how and our skilled workforce. Germany should welcome the Tiger and the Dragon as talismans. Their boom will secure Germanys prosperity, too.
