1、翻译硕士英语模拟试卷 20 及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 Carbon monoxide, funned by the incomplete combustion of some carbonaceous material, has been a_to humans since the domestication of fire.（A）hazard（B） dispute（C） docile（D）boost2 The house by the sea had a mysterious air of_about it.（A）melancholy（B） serenity（C） serios
2、o（D）retroject3 There is only time to_the plan and we will discuss it in detail next week.（A）decry（B） eliminate（C） expound（D）adumbrate4 Catherine s mother was_ill last summer, but fortunately, she was making a slow but teady recovery after an operation was done on her lung.（A）definitely（B） definitive
3、ly（C） critically（D）fatally5 While this healthy lifestyle approach to health worked for some (the wealthy members of society) , people experiencing poverty, unemployment or little control _the conditions of their daily lives benefited little from this approach.（A）to（B） into（C） on（D）over6 Research int
4、o the validity of selection methods has consistently shown that the unstructured interview , _the interviewer asks any questions he or she likes, is a poor predictor of future job performance.（A）whomever（B） when（C） whenever（D）where7 The doctor assured Victor that his wife would certainly _ although
5、she had been unconscious for 48 hours.（A）take to（B） come to（C） see to（D）stick to8 Excuses relieve tension by helping_both sides that the mistake was an aberration that will not be repeated.（A）insure（B） ensure（C） reassure（D）assure9 A static technocratic order, by contrast, requires a very different s
6、ort of personality: a drone who does what he is told and shuns novelty, someone who avoids facing, or_challenges.（A）composing（B） proposing（C） imposing（D）posing10 Walt Disney s board is stepping up plans to find a new ruler to save the Magic Kingdom and fight off a $ 54 billion hostile_from Comcast,
7、the US cable giant.（A）purchase（B） bid（C） offer（D）merger11 His story of rescuing ten drowning men totally by himself was_.（A）wonderful（B） incredible（C） indignant（D）immense12 What a sad sight, with all the shops_and the people gone.（A）shuttled（B） shuttered（C） shuttles（D）shutters13 Although he suffered
8、 from discrimination, Martin Luther King is a man who believed in reconciliation and only rarely_a grudge during his Civil Rights movement.（A）he carried（B） did he carry（C） when he carried（D）that he carried14 The committee members resented_them of the meeting.（A）the president that he did not tell（B）
9、the president not to inform（C） the president s not informing（D）the president that he failed informing15 The introduction of gunpowder gradually made the bow and arrow_, particularly in Western Europe.（A）obsolete（B） obscure（C） optional（D）overlapping16 My tutor frequently reminds me to_myself of every
10、 chance to improve my English.（A）avail（B） inform（C） assure（D）notify17 The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is_an anonymous, statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.（A）everything except（B） anything but（C） no less than（D）nothing more than18 Even though form
11、idable winters are the norm in the Dakotas, many people were unprepared for the_of the blizzard of 188（A）inevitability（B） ferocity（C） probability（D）mildness19 It s a modern city, full of_tower block.（A）rising（B） heaving（C） ascending（D）soaring20 The author took a _ approach to the topic. He presented
12、 both sides of the issue evenhandedly and did not let his own feelings intrude.（A）dispassionate（B） passionate（C） disputable（D）contesting21 The path follows the river closely, occasionally_round a clump of trees.（A）diverting（B） diverging（C） deviating（D）deflecting22 The official was arrested for inabi
13、lity to_all his fortune he has enjoyed.（A）clarify（B） intensify（C） verify（D）justify23 She was extremely lucky; when her great-uncle died, she_a fortune.（A）came by（B） came over（C） came into（D）came about24 The couple departed_a heavy rain.（A）far away（B） between（C） in the midst of（D）among25 The_of smoki
14、ng among women, formerly negligible, has grown to such a degree that lung cancer has become the chief causer of cancer-related deaths among women.（A）affluence（B） ferociousness（C） impudence（D）incidence26 If you_your demand, then maybe you will have more chance of getting the job you want.（A）lessen（B）
15、 alleviate（C） moderate（D）degenerate27 They_so tired if they_for a whole day.（A）wouldn t feel, didn t walk（B） wouldn t feel, weren t walking（C） wouldn t be feeling, weren t walking（D）wouldn t be feeling, hadn t been walking28 They climbed to the top of the hill_they could get a bird s-eye view of the
16、 city.（A）for fear that（B） in order that（C） in case（D）as a result29 A_is a growth of feathers, fur or skin along the top of the heads of some animals, especially birds.（A）crest（B） crust（C） crush（D）crumb30 The judge ruled that the evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was _to the issue at h
17、and.（A）irrational（B） unreasonable（C） invalid（D）irrelevant二、Reading Comprehension30 When the television is good, nothingnot the theater, not the magazines, or newspapers nothing is better. But when television is bad, nothing is worse. I invite you to sit down in front of your television set when your
18、 station goes on the air and stay there without a book, magazine, newspaper, or anything else to distract you and keep your eyes glued to that set until the station signs off. I can assure you that you will observe a vast wasteland. You will see a procession of game shows, violence, audience-partici
19、pation shows, formula comedies about totally unbelievable families, blood and thunder, Mayhem, more violence, sadism, murder, Western badmen, Western goodmen, private eyes, Gangsters, still more violence, and cartoons. And endlessly, commercials that stream and cajole and offend. And most of all, bo
20、redom. True, you will see a few things you will enjoy. But they will be very, very few. And if you think I exaggerate, try it.Is there no room on television to teach, to inform, to uplift, to stretch, to enlarge the capacities of our children? Is there no room for programs to deepen the children s u
21、nderstanding of children in other lands? Is there no room for a children s news show explaining something about the world for them at their level of understanding? Is there no room for reading the great literature of the past, teaching them the great traditions of freedom? There are some fine childr
22、en s shows, but they are drowned out in the massive doses of cartoons, violence, and more violence. Must these be your trademarks? Search your conscience and see whether yon cannot offer more to your young beneficiaries whose future you guard so many hours each and every day.There are many people in
23、 this great country, and you must serve all of us. You will get no argument from me if you say that, given a choice between a Western and a symphony, more people will watch the Western. 1 like Westerns and private eyes, toohut a steady diet for the whole country is obviously not in the public intere
24、st. We all know that people would more often prefer to be entertained than stimulated or informed. But your obligations are not satisfied if you look only to popularity as a test of what to broadcast. Yon are not only in show business; you are free to communicate ideas as well as to give relaxation.
25、 You must provide a wide range of choices, more diversity, more alternatives. It is not enough to cater to the nation s whimsyou must also serve the nation s needs. The people own the air. They own it as much in prime evening time as they do at six o clock in the morning. For every hour that the peo
26、ple give youyou own them something. I intend to see that your debt is paid with service.31 The author s attitude toward television can best be described as_.（A）sullenness at defeat（B） reconciliation with the broadcasters（C） righteous indignation（D）determination to prevail32 Concerning programs for c
27、hildren, it may be inferred that the author believes that such programs should_.（A）include no cartoons at all（B） include ones which provide culture（C） be presented only in the morning（D）be presented without commercials33 The statement that “the people own the air“ implies that_.（A）citizens have the
28、right to insist on worthwhile television programs（B） television should be socialized to cater to the nation s whims（C） the government may build above present structures（D）the people own nothing, for air is worthless34 It can be inferred from the passage in regard to television programming that the a
29、uthor believes（A）the broadcasters are trying to do the right thing but are failing（B） foreign countries are going to pattern their programs after ours（C） the listeners do not necessarily know what is good for them（D）six o clock in the morning is too early for a television show35 The author believes
30、that his tastes are_.（A）better than most people s（B） better than those of the television industry（C） the same as most people（D）better than the average children35 Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintan
31、ce with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the
32、 things that excite and frustrate the scientist.This book is written for the intelligent student of lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts;for the person who has been presented with science as
33、 the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or independently of any coursesimply to provide a better u
34、nderstanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and a
35、n appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of th
36、e scientific community and the people who populated it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not a unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter
37、traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have a
38、dopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far from being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human equally.We have also tried to make
39、the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.36 According to the p
40、assage, “scientific subculture“ means_.（A）cultural groups that are formed by scientists（B） people whose knowledge of science is very limited（C） the scientific community（D）people who make good contribution to science37 We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because_.（A
41、）it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate science（B） science affects almost every aspect of our life（C） scientists live in a specific substructure（D）it is easier to understand general characteristics of science38 The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who_
42、.（A）long for deeper understanding of science（B） are good at producing various gadgets（C） work in a storehouse of dried facts（D）are interested in popular science39 According to this passage,_.（A）English is a sexist language（B） only in this scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly（C） w
43、omen are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language（D）male nouns or pronouns should not used to refer to scientists40 This passage most probably is_.（A）a book review（B） the preface of a book（C） the post script of a book（D）the concluding part of a book40 The age at
44、 which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Until recently, child psychologists supported pioneer developmentalist Jean Piaget in his hypothesis th
45、at because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for transgressions on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences caused According to Piaget, childre
46、n under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the
47、effect rather than the cause of a transgression. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as naughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem t
48、o indicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage.Keasey s research raises two key questions for developmental psyc
49、hologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmfulacts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, self-defense, and provocation. For example
