1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 5 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Imagine fishermen walking down to the seashore, ready to carry out their early morning routine of preparing their boats and net.【C1】
2、_they hope for a good catch of fish. But to their 【C2】_, a horrible sight meets their still sleepy eyes. Thousands of fish have been washed【C3】_dead. The cause of this mass destruction? A red tide!Red tides are a global【C4】_. They have been observed on both the Atlantic and the Pacific coasts of the
3、 United States and Canada. They have also【C5 】_in many other places. Though relatively few people are【C6】_them, red tides are not new.In the Philippines, a red tide was first seen in the province of Bataan in 1908. Since then, red tides have been seen in many other【C7】_. A Philippines red tide exper
4、t told us that “【 C8】_the fish kills, the Philippines has documented 1, 926 cases of dead shellfish poisoning caused by red tides. “The term “red tide“【C9】_the discoloration of water that sometimes occurs in certain areas of the ocean or sea. Although the color is often red, it may also be【C10】_of b
5、rown or yellow. The World Book Encyclopedia reports that “the discolored areas may range from【C11】_a few square yards to more than 2,600 square kilometers. “What causes such discoloration? Red tides are generally caused by several【C12】_of single-celled organisms. These tiny organisms have hair-like
6、projections which they use to【C13】_themselves in water. There are about 2,000 varieties of these organisms, 30 of which carry poisonous【C14】_. These minute organisms usually stay in warm waters with high content of salt.A red tide occurs when there is a sudden and rapid【C15】_of these organisms. The
7、concentration of these organisms may【C16】_to 50,000,000 per quart of water! Although scientists do not fully understand why this happens, it is known that these organisms【C17】_when certain conditions simultaneously affect the water. These include abnormal weather, 【C18】_temperatures, an oversupply o
8、f nutrients in the water, a generous【C19】_sunlight, and favorable water currents. When a heavy rainfall occurs, minerals and other nutrients are sometimes washed【C20】_the land into coastal water. These nutrients can contribute to the breeding of the organisms. The result? Red tides!1 【C1 】（A）As a re
9、sult（B） As it is（C） As expected（D）As usual2 【C2 】（A）satisfaction（B） disappointment（C） astonishment（D）regret3 【C3 】（A）ashore（B） aboard（C） aside（D）across4 【C4 】（A）question（B） crisis（C） phenomenon（D）situation5 【C5 】（A）occupied（B） occurred（C） acquired（D）accused6 【C6 】（A）assured of（B） worried about（C） co
10、ncerned abou（D）aware of7 【C7 】（A）sandy beaches（B） river mouths（C） coastal areas（D）reef areas8 【C8 】（A）except（B） besides（C） despite（D）without9 【C9 】（A）applies to（B） sums up（C） copes with（D）leads to10 【C10 】（A）shadows（B） shades（C） shakes（D）shapes11 【C11 】（A）less than（B） more than（C） as much as（D）as li
11、ttle as12 【C12 】（A）components（B） elements（C） ingredients（D）species13 【C13 】（A）propel（B） probe（C） proceed（D）prompt14 【C14 】（A）materials（B） substances（C） masses（D）objects15 【C15 】（A）bolt（B） block（C） bloom（D）blast16 【C16 】（A）scale（B） plunge（C） gauge（D）swell17 【C17 】（A）accelerate（B） accommodate（C） accum
12、ulate（D）accompany18 【C18 】（A）optimum（B） minimum（C） maximum（D）momentum19 【C19 】（A）means of（B） amount of（C） way to（D）account for20 【C20 】（A）over（B） on（C） by（D）fromPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 If you intend
13、 using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depend
14、ing on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example, which I
15、 heard at a nurses convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and fr
16、iendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table himself. “Who is that?“ The new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, thats God,“ came the reply, “but sometimes he thin
17、ks hes a doctor. “If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties
18、. With other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous, you
19、 must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may he
20、lp to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you dont succeed, give up“ or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few wo
21、rds or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.21 To make your humor work, you should_.（A）take advantage of different kinds of audience（B） make fun of the disorganized people（C） address different problems to different people（D）show sympathy for your listeners22 The joke about doctor
22、s implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are_.（A）impolite to new arrivals（B） very conscious of their godlike role（C） entitled to some privileges（D）very busy even during lunch hours23 It can be inferred from the text that public service_.（A）have benefited many people（B） are the focus of public att
23、ention（C） are an inappropriate subject for humor（D）have often been the laughing stock24 To achieve the desired result, humorous stones should be delivered_.（A）in well-worded language（B） as awkwardly as possible（C） in exaggerated statements（D）as casually as possible25 The best title for the text may
24、be_.（A）Use Humor Effectively（B） Various Kinds of Humor（C） Add Humor to Speech（D）Different Humor Strategies25 In a survey conducted by research firm Harris Interactive, 71% of Americans said that spending extra money on travel during the holiday season is worthwhileso long as it affords them time wit
25、h family and friends. But just because traveling may be the right thing to do, that doesnt mean it has to be the expensive thing to do. Traveling involves many hidden costs that, once youre aware of them, are easy to spotand even easier to eliminate.To start, consider transportation fees. For exampl
26、e, if youre driving, fill up the gas tank before traveling on the highway, where its much costlier, says Clarky Davis, a personal finance expert. And make sure your car is in good condition by checking your heating vents, keeping up with routine maintenance and ensuring your tires are properly infla
27、ted, all of which help the car achieve favorable fuel economy. Furthermore, not only does a tow car(救援车)cause inconvenience; it also means extra costs.For those opting to fly, first, be aware of how much it costs to check a bag. Most airlines are charging for every checked bag by weight, but prices
28、vary from carrier to carrier. If you can manage to pack everything into a carry-on, youll save at least $ 15. Brooke Ferencsik, a travel expert, suggests considering secondary airports when booking your flight. These airports often are less crowded and frequently offer cheaper tickets.And when it co
29、mes to your actual destination, dont assume that hotels are going to cut back on fees simply because theyre desperate to draw customers. “They wont be adding or increasing fees, but they wont be decreasing them either,“ says Ferencsik. The best defense against extra fees is to read about the hotels
30、rates online, before you make a reservation. “Be aware of surcharges for everything from housekeeping to grounds keeping to use of the in-room safe,“ says Ferenesik. Some hotels even install a sensor(传感器) within the mini bar, charging guests for simply touching the items, let alone eating or drinkin
31、g them.“From airlines to hotels to rental cars, theyve all got hidden fees you need to be aware of,“ says Ferencsik. “Do your homework and ask questions. “26 It is found that 71% of Americans regard it as worthwhile to_.（A）spend money on souvenirs while traveling with family and friends（B） accept hi
32、dden costs while traveling with family and friends（C） travel with family and friends during the holiday season（D）travel with family and friends so as to please them27 How can fuel economy be improved?（A）By filling up the gas tank off the highway.（B） By avoiding the inconvenience of a tow car.（C） By
33、considering transportation fees wisely.（D）By keeping your car in good condition.28 It is advised that everything be packed into a carry-on most probably because a carry-on_.（A）is usually free of charge（B） is more convenient than several checked bags（C） is subject to safety guarantee（D）is usually of
34、a larger size than checked bags29 When looking for a hotel room, customers usually take it for granted that_.（A）extra fees are specified in the hotels rates（B） hotels attract customers by reducing fees（C） online reservation provides the best rates（D）there is a surcharge for any in-room service30 The
35、 passage is providing advice to_.（A）spend money wisely（B） make traveling enjoyable（C） economize on holidays（D）avoid hidden cost on a trip30 The current emergency in Mexico City that has taken over our lives is nothing. I could ever have imagined for me or my children. We are living in an environment
36、al crisis, an air-pollution emergency of severity. What it really means is that just to breathe here is to play a dangerous game with your health.As parents, what terrorizes us most are reports that children are at higher risk because they breathe more times per minute. What more can we do to protec
37、t them and ourselves? Our pediatricians(儿科医师的) medical recommendation was simple- abandon the city permanently. We are foreigners and we are among the small minority that can afford to leave. We are here because of my husbands work. We are fascinated by Mexicoits history and rich culture. We know th
38、at for us, this is a temporary danger. However, we cannot stand for much longer the fear we feel for our boys. We cannot stop them from breathing.But for millions, there is no choice. Their lives, their jobs, their futures depend on being here. Thousands of Mexicans arrive each day in this city, des
39、perate for economic opportunities. Thousands more are born here each day. Entire families work in the streets and practically live there. It is a familiar sight: as parents hawk goods at stoplights, their children play in the grassy highway dividers, breathing exhaust fumes. I feel guilty complainin
40、g about my personal situation; we wont be here long enough for our children to form the impression that skies are colored only gray.And yet the government cannot do what it must to end this problem. For any country, especially a developing Third World economy like Mexicos, the idea of barring from t
41、he capital city enough cars, closing enough factories and spending the necessary billions on public transportation is simply not an option. So when things get bad, as in the current emergency, Mexico takes half measuresprohibiting some more cars from circulating, stopping some factories from produci
42、ngthat even its own officials concede arent adequate.The word “ emergency“ implies the unusual. But when daily life itself is an emergency, the concept loses its meaning. It is human nature to try to adapt to that which we cannot change, or to mislead ourselves into believing we can adapt.31 Accordi
43、ng to the passage, people in Mexico City are faced with_.（A）serious air pollution（B） economic crisis（C） unemployment（D）natural disaster32 Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?（A）Kids are in fewer dangers than grown-ups in Mexico City.（B） The author is a native Mexican.（
44、C） The authors husband is a pediatrician.（D）The Mexican history and culture appeal to the author.33 The word “hawk“ (Line 4, Para. 3) most probably means_.（A）sell（B） transport（C） place（D）deliver34 The Mexican government takes half measures to solve the pollution problem because_.（A）Mexican economy d
45、epends very much on cars and factories（B） it is not wise enough to come up with effective measures（C） Mexicans are able to adapt themselves to the current emergency（D）Mexicans enjoy playing dangerous games with their health35 The purpose of the passage is to_.（A）describe the harmful air pollution（B）
46、 explain the way to prevent air pollution（C） show the worries about the air pollution（D）recommend a method to avoid air pollution35 Earlier this year I met with a group of women in Matela, a small farming village in Tanzania, and we discussed something thats been on all of our minds lately: finding
47、a safe place to save money. The women said their babies were getting sick from malaria (疟疾),and they could afford the drugs if they saved money over timebut with no access to formal savings accounts, they had a hard time safeguarding cash. So they saved in risky and inefficient ways. They made loans
48、 to each other, or bought goats or jewelry, then sold them if they suddenly needed money.The success of microloans has opened new opportunities for many poor people and has been a crucial factor in reducing poverty. But loans are not enough. Savings accounts could help people in the developing world
49、 with unexpected events, accumulate money to invest in education, increase their productivity and income, and build their financial security. Fortunately, this is a moment of opportunity. New policy ideas are uniting in ways that will lower the cost of savings and bring safe financial services to the doorsteps of the poor.One exciting trend is agent bank, in which stores and post offices
