1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 80 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 A new economics paper has some old-fashioned advice for people navigating the stresses of life: Find a spouse who is also your best
2、 friend. Social scientists have long known that【C1】_people tend to be happier, but they debate whether that is because marriage causes happiness or simply because happier people are more【C2 】_to get married. The new paper,【C3】_by the National Bureau of Economic Research, controlled for pre-marriage
3、happiness levels. It【C4】_that being married makes people happier and more satisfied【C5】_their lives than those who remain singleparticularly during the most stressful periods, like【C6】_crises.Even as fewer people are marrying, the disadvantages of remaining single have broad【C7 】 _. Its important【C8
4、】_marriage is increasingly a force behind inequality.【C9】_marriages are more common among educated, high-income people, and increasingly out of reach for those who are not. That divide appears to【C10 】_not just people s income and family stability, but also their happiness and stress levels.A quarte
5、r of todays young adults will have never married by 2030, which would be the highest【C11】_in modern history, according to Pew Research Center.【C12】_both remaining unmarried and divorcing are more common among less-educated, lower-income people.【C13】_, high-income people still marry at high rates and
6、 are less likely to divorce.Those whose lives are most difficult could【C14】_most from marriage, according to the economists who wrote the new paper, John Helliwell and Shawn Grover. “Marriage may be most important when there is that stress in life and when things are going【C15 】_,“ Mr. Grover said.【
7、C16 】_marital happiness long outlasted the honeymoon period.【C17 】_some social scientists have argued that happiness levels are innate, so people return to their natural level of well-being【C18】_joyful or upsetting events, the researchers found that the benefits of marriage persist. One【C19 】_for th
8、at might be the role of friendship within marriage. Those who【C20】_their spouse or partner to be their best friend get about twice as much life satisfaction from marriage as others, the study found.1 【C1 】（A）single（B） engaged（C） married（D）divorced2 【C2 】（A）eager（B） likely（C） easy（D）excited3 【C3 】（A）
9、made（B） studied（C） found（D）published4 【C4 】（A）denied（B） concluded（C） doubted（D）imagined5 【C5 】（A）with（B） from（C） by（D）in6 【C6 】（A）financial（B） midlife（C） academic（D）quarterlife7 【C7 】（A）necessities（B） transmissions（C） implications（D）significances8 【C8 】（A）when（B） because（C） so（D）if9 【C9 】（A）Stable（B
10、） Normal（C） Constant（D）Poor10 【C10 】（A）affect（B） promote（C） lower（D）control11 【C11 】（A）figure（B） rate（C） score（D）share12 【C12 】（A）Even（B） Still（C） Yet（D）And13 【C13 】（A）Educated（B） Intelligent（C） Dignified（D）Knowledgeable14 【C14 】（A）steal（B） choose（C） benefit（D）suffer15 【C15 】（A）wrong（B） bad（C） great
11、（D）well16 【C16 】（A）Fortunately（B） Unexpectly（C） Intriguingly（D）Surprisingly17 【C17 】（A）Unless（B） Hence（C） Until（D）Though18 【C18 】（A）after（B） before（C） during（D）within19 【C19 】（A）option（B） reason（C） result（D）tendency20 【C20 】（A）believe（B） see（C） consider（D）regardPart ADirections: Read the following f
12、our texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Oversize cupids in pink, furry outfits hand out heart-shaped balloons with “I Do“ written on them(in English)at a wedding-themed trade fair in Beijing. Vendors offer romantic photo-shoots of couples under water,
13、personalised wedding cigarettes, and biscuits with names. An emphasis on love is a new addition to Chinese weddingsand shines a pink-filtered spotlight on social change.For centuries, marriage in China was about ensuring heirs for the groom s family. Both the groom s and the bride s family exchanged
14、 money or goods. The more money changed hands, the more opulent the wedding.In 1949, frugality was imposed. Dowries consisted of necessities like bed linen or a bicycle. But since the 1980s the extravagance of weddings has matched the countrys rise. Celebrations moved out of homes into hotels. Bride
15、s swapped traditional red dresses for white ones.A large industry has emerged to serve the 13 million couples who marry each year. Wedding planners are increasingly common, particularly in cities. A decade ago Cosmo Bride, an American-owned lifestyle magazine, launched a Chinese-language edition in
16、China. An average wedding cost $12,000 in 2011the equivalent of more than two years income for the average urban household. An increase in the average marriage age by 2.5 years since 1990 has given parents(who still usually pay for weddings, despite the earning power of their children)more time to s
17、ave up.The change in wedding also reflects a fundamental shift in society. For the first time in the history of Chinese family life, the childrather than ancestors or parentsis regarded as the centre of the family, says Yan Yunxiang of the University of California, Los Angeles. Most newly-weds now a
18、re single children, bora since the one-child policy was introduced more than 30 years ago. Parents have more to spend if they only have to afford one wedding.William Jankowiak of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, who has documented relationships in China for 30 years, says love plays a larger par
19、t in young peoples livesboth in choice of partner and in their relationships with parents. The result is evident in weddings, which now focus on the couple. Both sets of parents are represented, but their position is peripheral. Weddings often feature a day of wedding photos, shot before the event,
20、with the couple in a range of outfits against romantic backgrounds, but with no family members.21 The wedding-themed trade fair in Beijing is used to _.（A）show the popularity of cupids and balloons on Chinese weddings（B） introduce the service that vendors provide for married couples（C） compare two d
21、ifferent wedding stresses: on form and on love（D）illustrate the change of wedding focus and Chinese society22 The word “opulent“(Para. 2)most probably means_.（A）extravagant（B） fortunate（C） traditional（D）joyous23 According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about weddings?（A）There has
22、 been more extravagant weddings since the 1980s.（B） Wedding planning industry has appeared in cities.（C） Parents paying for weddings have 2.5 years for preparation.（D）One-child parents will pay more for the wedding.24 The last sentence “Weddings often . no family members“ implies that couples_.（A）ar
23、e the focus of the wedding（B） don t welcome family members arrival（C） seldom express their love to parents（D）aren t accompanied by family members when taking wedding photos25 Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?（A）Wedding planners enjoy great popularity especially in
24、 cities.（B） How does the development of society change Chinese weddings?（C） The relationships with partner are superior to the ones with parents.（D）What procedures do most newly-weds have to follow in weddings?25 Institutions of higher learning must move, as the historian Walter Russell Mead puts it
25、, from a model of “time served“ to a model of “stuff learned.“ Because increasingly the world does not care what you know. Everything is on Google. The world only cares, and will only pay for, what you can do with what you know. And therefore it will not pay for a C-plus in chemistry, just because y
26、our state college considers that a passing grade and was willing to give you a diploma. We re moving to a more competency-based world, where there will be less interest in how you acquired the competency and more demand to prove that you mastered the competency.Therefore, we have to get beyond the c
27、urrent system of information and deliverythe professorial “sage on the stage“ and students taking notes, followed by a superficial assessment, to one in which students are asked and empowered to master more basic material online at their own pace, and the classroom becomes a place where the applicat
28、ion of that knowledge can be honed through lab experiments and discussions with the professor.There seemed to be a strong consensus that this “blended model“ combining online lectures with a teacher-led classroom experience was the ideal. Last fall, San Jose State used the online lectures and intera
29、ctive exercises of MIT s introductory online Circuits and Electronics course. Students would watch the MIT lectures and do the exercises at home. Then in class, the first 15 minutes were reserved for questions and answers with the San Jose State professor, and the last 45 were devoted to problem-sol
30、ving and discussion. Preliminary numbers indicate that those passing the class went from nearly 60 percent to about 90 percent.We demand that plumbers and kindergarten teachers be certified to do what they do, but there is no requirement that college professors know how to teach. No more. The world
31、of MOOCs(Massive Open Online Courses)is creating a competition that will force every professor to improve his or her pedagogy or face an online competitor.Bottom line: There is still huge value in the residential college experience and the teacher-student and student-student interactions it facilita
32、tes. But to thrive, universities will have to nurture even more of those unique experiences while blending in technology to improve education outcomes in measurable ways at lower costs. We still need more research on what works, but standing still is not an option.26 Institutions of higher learning
33、must shift models because the world cares_.（A）the knowledge you have acquired in the college（B） the time you put into study and action（C） the way you master the learning ability（D）the things you can handle with your knowledge27 Which of the following does the current system of information and delive
34、ry in higher education NOT include?（A）Students write down the key points.（B） Professors give online lectures.（C） A simple assessment about teaching is made.（D）Professors give lectures in the front of classroom.28 According to Paragraph 3, we can learn that online lectures in San Jose State last fall
35、_.（A）took an hour for each lecture（B） were followed by classroom experiences（C） surpassed classroom experiences in teaching effect（D）were the first step to get a degree in Circuits and Electronics course29 What does the author mean by “No more“ in Paragraph 4?（A）College professors are forced to impr
36、ove his pedagogy.（B） There is no competition among college students.（C） Teaching capacity of college professors can be assessed.（D）There is no need for plumbers and kindergarten teachers to obtain certification.30 The most appropriate title for this text would be_.（A）Future of Education is in Online
37、 Learning（B） Colleges Teachers Should Take a Back Seat（C） We Should Move the Research on Education forward（D）Information Technology Promote Students Learning30 In a famous lab trial, a chimp named Sultan put two interlocking sticks together and pulled down a bunch of bananas hanging just out of arms
38、 reach. Nearly a century later, eager tourists have conducted their own version of the experiment. Equipped with the camera extender known as a self-ie stick, they can now reach for flattering CinemaScope selfies wherever they go.Art museums have watched this development nervously, fearing damage to
39、 their collections or to visitors, as users swing their sticks. Now they are taking action. One by one, museums across the United States have been imposing bans on using selfie sticks for photographs inside galleries(adding them to existing rules on umbrellas, rucksacks, tripods and monopods), yet a
40、nother example of how controlling overcrowding has become part of the museum mission.The Hirshhorn Museum in Washington prohibited the sticks this month, and the Museum of Fine Arts in Houston plans to impose a ban. In New York, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, which has been studying the matter for
41、some time, has just decided that it, too, will forbid selfie sticks. “From now on, you will be asked quietly to put it away,“ said Sree Sreenivasan, the chief digital officer at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. “It s one thing to take a picture at arm s length, but when it is three times arms length,
42、 you are invading someone elses personal space.“The personal space of other visitors is just one problem. The artwork is another. “We do not want to have to put all the art under glass,“ said Deborah Ziska, the chief of public information at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, which has been
43、quietly enforcing a ban on selfie sticks but is in the process of adding it formally to its printed guidelines for visitors.Last but not least is the threat to the camera operator, intent on capturing the perfect shot and oblivious to the surroundings. “If people are not paying attention in the Temp
44、le of Dendur, they can end up in the water with the crocodile sculpture,“ Mr. Sreenivasan said. “We have so many balconies you could fall from, and stairs you can trip on.“31 In the first paragraph, the author suggests that_.（A）Sultan is as smart as human beings（B） tourists are easy to indulge in se
45、lf-pity（C） nowadays people use selfie sticks to get things out of reach（D）camera extenders are useful to people as interlocking sticks to Sultan32 Recently, the newly-added items that are banned by museums in the US are_.（A）backpacks（B） umbrellas（C） selfie sticks（D）supporting equipment for cameras33
46、 That US museums impose bans on using selfie sticks reaveals that_.（A）visitors are overcrowded in museums（B） existing rules don t work（C） museums are taking action（D）people like to wave the sticks34 According to Sree Sreenivasan, when selfie-stick users take pictures, they_.（A）should keep quiet（B） m
47、ay be easily distracted（C） cannot stretch arms three times（D）capture the shots of balconies and stairs35 Selfie sticks have been baned in case of all the following problems EXCEPT_.（A）invasion of personal space（B） damage to the artwork（C） waste of printed guidelines（D）danger to camera users35 Yawnin
48、g can be a problem at the office for Lindsay Eierman, which makes her embarrassed. “Ive explained, Im sorry, I didnt get much sleep last night,“ says Ms Eierman, a 26-year-old social worker from Durham, North Carolina. But a lack of sleep may not be the problem.Researchers are starting to unravel th
49、e mystery surrounding the yawn, one of the most common and often embarrassing behaviours. Yawning, they have discovered, is much more complicated than previously thought. Although all yawns look the same, they appear to have many different causes and to serve a variety of functions.Yawning is believed to be a means to keep our brains alert in times of stress. Contagious yawning appears to have evol
