1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 105（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 假设你是李明，假期即将到来，你打算做一次为期三周的旅行，希望找个外国朋友作为游伴(Travel-mate)。拟一个寻游伴的启事，交代清楚日程安排、费用分担情况、对方的要求等，并说明对方和你一起出游的好处。Travel-mate Wanted二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over
2、the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given
3、in the passage.2 Obesity EpidemicAsk anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will say that its all down to eating too much and burning too few calories. That is undoubtedly true. But its also true that we live in an “obesogenic (肥胖基因的) environment“: calorific food is plentiful and cheap and
4、 our lifestyles are increasingly sedentary.Now, obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with such explanations. They believe that something else must have changed in our environment to cause such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the “big two“ -
5、reduced physical activity and increased availability of food - are not important contributors to the epidemic. But they cannot explain it all.Earlier this year a review paper by 20 obesity experts set out the 9 most plausible alternative explanations for the epidemic. Here they are.Not Enough SleepI
6、t is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat?Several large epidemiological studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index (BMI) than people who sleep
7、more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses Health Study found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than those who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than those who
8、slept 7.Its well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep loss may cause weight gain. One factor that could be at work here is the way sleep deprivation alters metabol
9、ism (新陈代谢). Leptin, the hormone that signals satiety (过饱),falls while ghrelin, which signals hunger, rises - and this boosts appetite.Climate ControlWe humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of whats going on in the world around us.
10、 We do this by altering our metabolic rate, shivering or sweating. Keeping warm and staying cool take energy.Theres no denying that surrounding temperatures have changed in the past few decades. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air
11、conditioning rose from 23 to 47 per cent between 1978 and 1997. In the southern states - where obesity rates tend to be highest - the number of houses with air con has shot up to 70 per cent from 37 per cent in 1978.Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to o
12、ur weight? Sadly, there is some evidence that it does - at least with regard to heating.Less SmokingBad news: smokers really do tend to be thinner than the rest of us, and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one is sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine
13、is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate.Katherine Flegal and colleagues at the US National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fat
14、ness. From data collected around 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, they worked out that people who had quit in the previous decade were-much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked. Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were
15、Overweight compared with 37 per cent of nonsmokers and only 28 per cent of smokers.Prenatal EffectsYour chances of becoming fat may be set, at least in part, before you are even born. Children of obese mothers are much more likely to become obese themselves later in life. While this may be largely d
16、own to genetics, there is also evidence that some “intrauterine (子官内的) programming“ goes on.Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of identical mice fed a normal diet. And the effect persists for two or three generations. Grandchi
17、ldren of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally - so your fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived.Fat Equals FecundHeavier people have more children. A study by Lee Ellis at Minot State University in North Dakota found “small but highly-signifi
18、cant correlations“ between BMI and reproductive rates. Women of normal weight or below had an average of 3.2 children, while overweight or obese women had an average of 3.5 children.Does having more children make women gain weight, or does being overweight cause women to have more children? Probably
19、 both. Having lots of kids can increase the chances of getting fat - if for no other reason than poor sleep. But Ellis also showed that peoples BMI before they become parents is associated with the number of children they eventually have.As David Allison of the University of Alabama at Birmingham po
20、ints out, obesity can. Lead to lower socioeconomic status, which in turn is associated with having more children.So why is this relevant to the epidemic. Its because obesity is heritable - twin studies indicate its about 65 per cent genetic - so a tendency for this to be associated with having a lar
21、ge family will cause the proportion 9f overweight people to go up.A Little Older .Some groups of people just happen to be fatter than others. Surveys carried out by the US National Center for Health Statistics found that adults aged 40 to 79 were around three times as likely to be obese as younger p
22、eople. Non-white females also tend to fall at the plumper end of the spectrum: Mexican-American women are 30 per cent more likely than white women to be obesity, and black women have twice the risk.In the US, these groups account for an increasing percentage of the population. Between 1970 and 2000
23、the chunk of the US population aged 35 to 44 grew by 43 per cent. The proportion of Hispanic-Americans also grew, from under 5 per cent to 12.5 per cent of the population, while the proportion of black Americans increased from 11 to 12. 3 per cent. These demographic shifts may account in part for th
24、e increased prevalence of obesity.More DrugsIn the 1970s a new class of antipsychotic (安定药) medication called neuroleptics came on the market, and millions of people worldwide now take these drugs. Alongside their undoubted success in treating psychosis, they have a drawback: users typically gain 4
25、kilograms in the first 10 weeks, and another 4 or 5 kg in the year that follows.Neuroleptics are not the only class of drugs to cause weight gain: There are many drugs which have all been associated with packing on the pounds.So have pharmaceuticals contributed to the obesity epidemic? There is no f
26、irm evidence either way, but there is no doubt that the use of all these drugs has mirrored the rise in obesity over the past 30 years.PollutionIn daily life, people are exposed to tens of thousands of industrial chemicals: pesticides, dyes, perfumes, plastics, to name but a few. We swallow them, in
27、hale them and absorb them through our skin.There is some evidence that low levels of some of these chemicals can lead to weight gain. Mice given small amounts of the pesticide, for instance, more than doubled their body fat. Hexachloro-benzene, another pesticide, caused rats to gain significantly mo
28、re than controls, despite eating half as much. Studies of humans exposed to PCBs by eating fish caught in North Americas Great Lakes have found similar associations: the more the toxic load, the greater the body weight.Mature MumsMothers around the world are getting older. In the UK, the mean age fo
29、r having a first child is 27.3, compared with 23.7 in 1970. Mean age at first birth in the US has also increased, rising from 21.4 in 1970 to 24. 9 in 2000.Study found that the odds of a child being obese increases about 14 per cent for every five extra years of their mothers age, though why this sh
30、ould be so is not entirely clear.As family size decreases, firstborns account for a greater share of the population. In 1964, the British woman gave birth to an average of 2. 95 children; by 2005 that figure had fallen to 1.79. This combination of older mothers and more single children could be cont
31、ributing to the obesity epidemic.2 Bad eating habits, increased food availability, increasingly sedentary lifestyle and reduced physical activity are the first four causes of the obesity epidemic.3 Less sleep can gain us weight, because it raises our leptin, which triggers us to eat more.4 Air condi
32、tioning, especially heating in winter could really make us gain weight.5 Smokers and people who never smoke will not be overweight.6 Children who have fat mothers are much more likely to become obese themselves later in life because of _.7 Studies indicate that obesity is heritable, and the heritabi
33、lity is _.8 Black women are _ per cent more likely to be obese than Mexican-American women.9 An increasing percentage of the old population may partly increase _.10 Studies of humans eating fish with PCBs have found that _.11 Mothers getting older and _ could also account for the obesity epidemic.Se
34、ction ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. Dur
35、ing the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）The woman invites the man to have dinner.（B） The man wont visit the woman.（C） The man is very busy these days.（D）The mans wife is relatively free.（A）He often cuts classes to play basketball.（B）
36、 He has no chance to play basketball.（C） Hes looking for somebody to play the game with.（D）He loves playing basketball very much.（A）Hes surprised she chose that agency.（B） He wonders why shes kept her job.（C） He doesnt know when her classes started.（D）He doubts she makes much money now.（A）He should
37、try a better and convenient way.（B） He should give up looking for the book.（C） He should ask the librarian for help.（D）He should try the shelves downstairs.（A）Ask someone else to help the woman.（B） Ask the woman for directions.（C） Show the woman the map.（D）Show the woman where the dormitory is.（A）Sh
38、e is going to have some visitors tonight.（B） She does not like their former foreign teachers.（C） She is going to see her foreign teachers tonight.（D）She has already been invited to the mans house.（A）Shes never been treated by Dr. Joanna.（B） Shes been sitting in the waiting room too long.（C） Dr. Joan
39、na isnt the very good choice.（D）Shed like to recommend a magazine to the man.（A）Spending too much money on the customers.（B） Finding no available conference room in Shangri-la.（C） Too many customers coming to attend the meeting.（D）Few customers going to see ice sculptures and buildings.（A）To improve
40、 his skating techniques.（B） To take a vacation.（C） To take a course.（D）To learn to ski.（A）Her sister lives there.（B） She attended college there.（C） She lives thirty minutes from there.（D）She visited there last year.（A）He has been to New Mexico many times.（B） He has just graduated from college.（C） He
41、 enjoys sports.（D）He has relatives in Albuquerque.（A）Many of her books are bestsellers.（B） She is a shrewd bookstore owner.（C） She is promoting her book in person.（D）She is a salesperson at the bookstore.（A）It has been the bestseller for weeks.（B） It advises people to change themselves.（C） It is bei
42、ng sold at a very low price.（D）It distinguishes co-operators.（A）A man careful with money.（B） A book-lover.（C） A noisy reader.（D）A trouble-maker.（A）Someone who always talks about himself.（B） The most violent type of coworkers.（C） Someone who stabs your back.（D）The most common annoying type of people.
43、Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）The co
44、unseling service offering help to the overseas students.（B） The resident president offering spiritual guidance to the overseas students.（C） The community groups providing help to the overseas students.（D）The method of dealing with the personal crisis of the overseas students.（A）If the students are c
45、onfused about the subject.（B） If the students dont know how to combine subject with degree.（C） If the students dont get any suggestion about the career.（D）If the students dont receive any comment in time.（A）Different teaching methods.（B） Too tight time.（C） Too much assignment.（D）Unfamiliar learning
46、material.（A）To celebrate Queen Elizabeths birthday.（B） To show respect for Queen Elizabeth.（C） To honor his half brother Sir Humphrey Gilbert.（D）To make the name of land sound more beautiful.（A）With the help of people from colonies.（B） Owing to actively invading the Spanish Navy.（C） Due to the weath
47、er in favor of English ships.（D）Because of the hugeness of the Spanish Navy.（A）Because they faced the attack of the Spanish Navy.（B） Because they always met with fierce storms.（C） Because she thought the cost was too high.（D）Because the expenses were too much to afford.（A）Insects have developed some
48、 sort of resistance to man-made poisons.（B） Insects have been eating plants for about 250 million years.（C） Farmers sometimes use a combination of two or three insecticides at once.（D）New insects mate with insecticide-surviving insects.（A）Because farmers use less insecticides now.（B） Because farmers
49、 have been using insecticides for many years.（C） Because insects use the mechanisms against plants to fight insecticides.（D）Because insects have been eating plants for many million years.（A）Farmers should use less insecticide:（B） Farmers should use a combination of two or three insecticides at once.（C） Farmers should attract new insects onto the crops certain times.（D）Farmers should regularly spray crops as a precaution.（A）Insects are the most adaptable creatures.（B） Insects would be
