1、江苏专转本（英语）模拟试卷 40 及答案与解析一、Vocabulary and Structure1 The theory was attacked ten years ago when it was first_, but gradually it was improved.（A）promoted（B） enhanced（C） advanced（D）conceived2 _ preparations are now being made for the Presidents official visit to three foreign countries.（A）Elaborate（B） G
2、raceful（C） Royal（D）Tedious3 The bus is so crowded that there is_ sufficient room for you.（A）rarely（B） seldom（C） scarcely（D）some4 Poor health and lack of money may both be_ to educational progress.（A）restraints（B） stains（C） scarcities（D）barriers5 As for the Flat Earth theory, I believe I can _ it wit
3、h my own experiences of navigation.（A）deny（B） reject（C） object（D）refute6 In the past decades, the farms of the world have succeeded in producing enough food to feed_all of the planets people.（A）relevantly（B） externally（C） utterly（D）virtually7 The poor girl couldnt _ from her tears any more when her
4、mother showed up.（A）withdraw（B） hold（C） withhold（D）refrain8 We would contact your nearest relative_ any accident occurring.（A）in the event of（B） in the course of（C） in the place of（D）in the light of9 The doctors drew the conclusion that the young mans blindness was_.（A）consistent（B） partial（C） inter
5、nal（D）temporary10 The Second World War, _ the earlier one of 1914, prompted public concern about the physical and intellectual well-being of the countrys human resources.（A）so as（B） as were（C） as did（D）same as11 She met with no challenge because her arguments_ sound facts.（A）put forward（B） rested on
6、（C） made for（D）conjured up12 The teacher tried to explain the problem, but her explanation did not_ to the students.（A）get across（B） come around（C） go by（D）make out13 It was such a hot day that everyone_swimming in the river.（A）tended to（B） was inclined to（C） made for（D）felt like14 Old Mr. Browns co
7、ndition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will_.（A）pull through（B） pull up（C） pull back（D）pull out15 We often advise him not to drink more wine_is good for his health.（A）as（B） than（C） that（D）but16 Please_your remarks to the topic under discussion.（A）confess（B） confirm（C） confuse（D）confine1
8、7 Several special programs were designed to_ disadvantaged youths aged 1621 to become more responsible, employable, and productive.（A）resist（B） insist（C） persist（D）assist18 He was at the_of his career when he was killed in a traffic accident.（A）glamour（B） extreme（C） bloom（D）peak19 When do you think
9、the President will_ you in office?（A）locate（B） confirm（C） reinforce（D）qualify20 Mary went through the report carefully to_all spelling mistakes from it.（A）diminish（B） withdraw（C） eliminate（D）abandon21 He arrived very late at night, _ in the early hours this morning.（A）in conclusion（B） or rather（C） o
10、n the whole（D）by and large22 Mother always taught me to be thrifty and not to live_.（A）beyond my means（B） out of place（C） at my leisure（D）around the clock23 President Bandas background as a doctor has given him_into the medical problems that face the country.（A）a view（B） a vision（C） an insight（D）a s
11、ight24 In New York there is a shifting population of vagrants usually with an unhealthy_for alcohol.（A）attitude（B） aptitude（C） appetite（D）altitude25 Cars and motorcycles are similar_they are both privately owned means of transport.（A）so that（B） in that（C） for that（D）in which26 The exhibition of poor
12、 sportsmanship_a sense of disgust in ail who witnessed it.（A）rose（B） arose（C） aroused（D）raised27 When the nurse took his temperature, it was two degrees above（A）regular（B） ordinary（C） average（D）normal28 The traveler looks like an Englishman, but his foreign accent gave him（A）away（B） out（C） off（D）ove
13、r29 We Americans do a lot of business_lunch, but people here prefer to tell stories.（A）in（B） over（C） within（D）without30 He just cannot_to the different life style here in America.（A）alter（B） modify（C） adapt（D）adopt31 A friendship may be_, casual, situational or deep and lasting.（A）identical（B） origi
14、nal（C） superficial（D）critical32 One of his_ is to become the President of the Motor General.（A）achievements（B） ideas（C） ambitions（D）careers33 The republication of the poets most recent works will certainly_his national reputation.（A）boom（B） strengthen（C） enlarge（D）enhance34 If you_in taking this att
15、itude , we will have to ask you to leave,（A）persist（B） insist（C） resist（D）pursue35 Employers expect their employees to be_for work.（A）timely（B） punctual（C） prompt（D）urgent36 There are some_flowers on the desk.（A）artificial（B） false（C） unreal（D）untrue37 It is a_to hear his speech.（A）bored（B） bore（C）
16、boring（D）borescme38 _their suggestions, we will discuss them fully at the next meeting.（A）In regard for（B） In regard to（C） With regard of（D）Regardless for39 Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people_harm them.（A）more than（B） better than（C） other than（D）rather than40 How many more dec
17、ades will have to pass_ scientists succeed in providing a cure for cancer?（A）when（B） since（C） before（D）until40 For many years, scientists couldnt figure out how atoms and molecules(分子)on the Earth combined to make living things. Plants, fishes, dinosaurs(恐龙), and people are made of atoms and molecul
18、es, but they are put together in a more complicated way than the molecules in the primitive ocean. Whats more, living things, that have energy and can reproduce on the Earth four billion years ago were lifeless.After years of study, scientists figured out that living things, including human bodies,
19、are basically made of amino acids and nucleotide(氨基酸与核苷酸)bases. These are molecules with millions of hydrogen(氢), carbon(碳), nitrogen(氮), and oxygen atom. How could such complicated molecules have been formed in the primitive soup? Scientists were stumped(难住).Then, in 1953, two scientists named Haro
20、ld Urey and Stanley L. Miller did a very simple experiment to find out what had happened on the primitive Earth. They set up some tubes and bottles in a closed loop(线圈), and put in some of the same gases that were present in the atmosphere four billion years ago: water vapor, carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), m
21、ethane(甲烷), and hydrogen.Then they shot an electric spark through the gases to simulate(模拟)bolts(闪电)of lightning on the ancient Earth, circulated the gases through some water, sent them back for more sparks, and so on. After seven days, the water that the gases had been bubbling(起跑)through had turne
22、d brown. Some new chemicals were dissolved in it . When Miller and Urey analyzed the liquid, they found that it contained amino acidsthe very kind of molecules found in all living things.41 When did scientists come to realize how the atoms and molecules on the Earth combined to make living things?（A
23、）Four billion years ago.（B） In 1953.（C） After seven days.（D）Many years later.42 Scientists figured out that human bodies are basically made of_.（A）amino acids（B） hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen atoms（C） molecules（D）water vapor, ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane and hydrogen43 Harold Urey and St
24、anley L. Miller did their experiment in order to_.（A）find out what had happened on the Earth 4 billion years ago（B） simulate bolts of lightning on the ancient Earth（C） dissolve some new chemicals（D）analyze a liquid44 At the end of the last paragraph, the word “it“ refers to_.（A）a close loop（B） an el
25、ectric spark（C） water（D）the liquid45 According to the writer, living things on the Earth include_.（A）atoms and molecules（B） chemicals（C） plants, fish, dinosaurs and human beings（D）the primitive soup45 Honeybees cannot live alone. Their body structure and instincts equip them for life in a colony(群居)
26、or community, where they have a complex social organization and the various duties are divided among the individuals according to physical fitness and age. An individual worker bee cannot reproduce itself. While it may continue to live if forcibly isolated from its mates， it fails to care for itself
27、 adequately(足够), and soon dies. Most insects have the ability to hibernate(冬眠)in winter, but the honeybee seems to have lost this. Since at low temperatures the bee will die, it must have the ability to make its own environment, so far as temperature is concerned. This makes a colony necessary to th
28、e bees in winter, so that they may collectively warm each other. Efficiency, if not necessity, demands that the work of the colony be divided, and such a division of labor tends to increase the need to maintain the colony. The physical structure of the honeybee is further suited for the defense of t
29、he entire colony rather than for its own defense. The bees barbed(有刺的)sting is used only once and is made more effective by the fact that it is left behind in the victim. With the loss of the sting, however, the bee dies. This kind of defensive weapon is not of service to the individual, but to the
30、community.46 According to the passage, bees are fitted for communal life by virtue of their_.（A）flexibility and initiative（B） intelligence and sensitivity（C） independence and endurance（D）instincts and form47 According to the passage, a worker bee may survive for a short time even if it is_.（A）depriv
31、ed of its sting（B） denied access to oxygen（C） isolated from other bees（D）exposed to a wide range of temperatures48 It can be inferred from the passage that at one time bees had the ability to_.（A）increase their activity in lower temperatures（B） leave cold climates during winter（C） remain dormant thr
32、ough periods of cold weather（D）construct insulated hives49 According to the passage, bees differ from most other communities of insects in their need to_.（A）reproduce in large numbers（B） control the temperature where they live（C） divide the work of their colonies（D）have a complex defense system50 Ac
33、cording to the passage, the honeybees sting is particularly effective because it_.（A）has many potential uses（B） can kill several victims at once（C） is located in the rear of the bees body（D）remains with the bees victim50 Who talks more, then, women or men? The seemingly contradictory(矛盾的)evidence is
34、 shown by the difference between what I call public and private speaking. More men feel comfortable doing “public speaking“, while more women feel comfortable doing “private speaking“. Another way of capturing these differences is by using the terms report-talk and rapport-talk.For most women, the l
35、anguage of conversation is primarily a language of rapport(友好)a way of establishing connections and relationships. Emphasis is placed on displaying similarities and matching experiences. From childhood, girls criticize their fellows who try to stand out or appear better than others. People feel thei
36、r closest connections at home, or in settings where they feel at homewith one or a few people they feel close to and comfortable within other words, during private speaking. But even the most public situations can be approached like private speaking.For most men, talk is primarily a means to preserv
37、e independence and negotiate(谈判)and maintain status in a hierarchical(分等级的)social order. This is done by exhibiting knowledge and skill, and by holding center stage through verbal performance such as storytelling, joking, or giving information. From childhood, men learn to use talking as a way to ge
38、t and keep attention. So they are more comfortable speaking in larger groups made up of people they know less well-in the broadest sense, “public speaking“. But even the most private situations can be approached like public speaking, more like giving a report than establishing rapport.51 What is the
39、 main idea of the passage?（A）Women talk more than men.（B） The most preferable way men and women tend to use in talking.（C） The difference between public speaking and private speaking（D）Men and women talk in comfortable ways.52 Most women use the language of rapport in their conversations because wan
40、t to_.（A）show their superiority to others（B） exhibit something they have in common（C） set up close relationships（D）find differences between them53 Mens public speaking mainly shows_.（A）their sense of humor（B） their appeal to women（C） their ability to control the conversation（D）their independence and
41、 status54 It can be concluded from mens and womens childhoods that_.（A）there is a striking contrast in personality between men and women（B） men and women grow up seeing themselves connecting to others in profoundly different ways（C） men and women talk in different ways because of their different bac
42、kgrounds（D）the way of speaking reflects the characteristics of different sexes.55 The author develops his main idea by_.（A）stating his own point of views（B） introducing two different ways of speaking（C） telling why men and women speak in different ways（D）giving vivid examples55 Are some people born
43、clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence(智力)developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius(天才)out of a child born with l
44、ow intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a persons intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment
45、. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus, if we take two unrelated people
46、 at random(随意)from the population. it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intell
47、igence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.Imagine now that we take two identical(同一的)twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelli
48、gence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion us also supported by the fact that people who live in close contact with(与相接触)each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degress of intelligence.56 According to the text,
49、a child_.（A）born with low intelligence will never become a genius（B） born with low intelligence become a genius through special education（C） living in rich and varied surroundings will develop his intelligence beyond the limits fixed at birth（D）living in a boring situation will not develop his intelligence a
