1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 42 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 The Cold PlacesThe Arctic is a polar region. It surrounds(环绕) the North Pole.Like Antarctica(南极洲) ,the Arctic is a land of ice and snow. Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading125 degrees Fahrenheit(华氏温标) below zero. Readings of 85 degrees below zero ar
2、e common in both the Arctic and Antarctica. Winter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic. At the South Pole the winter average is about 73 degrees below zero.One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic. This one thing is the
3、low temperaturethe killing chill of the far North and the polar South.To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing. They must build windproof shelters. They must keep heaters going at all times. Not even for a moment can they be unprotected against the below-zero temperatures.Men have a w
4、ay of providing for themselves. Polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs. The cold makes life difficult. But the explorers can stay alive.What about animals? Can they survive? Do we find plants? Do we find life in the Arctic and in Antarctica? Yes, we do. There is life in the oceans. T
5、here is life on land.Antarctica, as we have seen, is a cold place indeed. But this has not always been the case. Expedition (探险考察) scientists have discovered that Antarctica has not always been a frozen continent. At one time the weather in Antarctica may have been much like our own.Explorers have d
6、iscovered coal in Antarctica. This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps (沼泽) and forests. Heat and moisture must have kept the trees in the forests alive.1 The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded in Antarctica.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given2 Winte
7、r temperatures average 85 degrees below zero in Antarctica.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given3 The Arctic and Antarctica are no mans lands because of their killing coldness.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given4 Polar explorers can stay alive by wearing warm coats and furs.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given5 Despite
8、the hostile environment, both animals and plants can be found in the oceans and on land in polar areas.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given6 As discovered by expedition scientists, Antarctica has not always been so cold as it is today, so has the Arctic.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given7 Antarctica is colder t
9、han Arctic on average.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given8 Heaters should be kept going in the night for men to survive in polar areas.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given9 Coal is rich in Antarctica.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given10 At one time, the weather in Antarctica was so warm and damp that trees grew there
10、.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given二、阅读选择10 ElectricityThe modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a power failure, people grope about in flickering candle
11、light, cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic lights to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators. Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago. Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for millions of year
12、s. Scientists are discovering more and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.All living cells send out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it sends out pulses of record; they form an electrocardiogram, which a doctor can s
13、tudy to determine how well the heart is working. The brain, too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an electroencephalogram. The electric currents generated by most living cells are extremely smalloften so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them. But in
14、 some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all. When large numbers of these cells are linked together, the effects can be astonishing.The electric eel is an amazing storage battery. It can send a jolt of as much as
15、 eight hundred volts of electricity through the water in which it lives. (An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts.) As many as four fifths of all the cells in the electric eels body are specialized for generating electricity, and the strength of the shock it can deliver correspond
16、s roughly to the length of its body.11 What is the main idea of the passage?（A）Electric eels are potentially dangerous.（B） Biology and electricity appear to be closely related.（C） People would be at a loss without electricity.（D）Scientists still have much to discover about electricity.12 The author
17、mentions all of the following as results of a blackout EXCEPT_.（A）refrigerated food item may go bad（B） traffic lights do not work（C） people must rely on candlelight（D）elevators and escalators do not function13 Why does the author mention electric eels?（A）To warn the reader to stay away from them,（B）
18、 To compare their voltage to that used in houses.（C） To give an example of a living electrical generator.（D）To describe a new source of electrical power.14 How many volts of electricity can an electric eel emit?（A）800.（B） 600.（C） 200（D）12015 It can be inferred from the passage that the longer an eel
19、 is the_.（A）more beneficial it will be to science（B） more powerful its electrical charge will be（C） easier it will be to find（D）tougher it will be to eat三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 Digital Video ExpressA pay-for-play system for video DVD will emerge by summer as an alternative, and possibly a competitor, to the
20、 DVD format currently available. The new system, called Digital Video Express(Divx) ,operates like a DVD player, except for the specially coded discs. These will cost $5 for initial viewing over a 48-hour period and can be viewed again for additional fees and even purchased for unlimited viewing.Div
21、x combines the service of a video rental (出租的) store with the operation of a pay-per-view channel. Unlike a rented videotape, though, the Divx disc neednt be returned. Customers can retain the disc for replay in the future at an additional fee, or simply throw it away.Subsequent plays, or the purcha
22、se of unlimited-viewing rights, are billed to the customer s Divx account and charged to a credit card. The players built-in memory keeps track of all Divx plays,and sends this information by toll-free phone modem(调制解调器)to the Divx record-keeping centre. Each Divx disc and player has a unique identi
23、fication code,so the system knows which discs have been played and where.Some Divx discs could be converted for unlimited play at a price likely to be lower than buying a conventional DVD. Others,called Divx Gold,would be sold from the beginning for unlimited play without further charge. Although co
24、nventional DVDs will run in a Divx player, conventional DVD players will lack the decoding (解码) and communications ability to play Divx discs. Divx players will be offered by Panasonic, RCA, and Zenith.A. Booming Business of Circuit CityB. Possible Appearance of a SystemC. The New System Called Divx
25、D. Unlimited Play of Divx DiscsE. Disc-play Tracking and Billing SystemsF. Two Functions Combined16 Paragraph 17 Paragraph 18 Paragraph 19 Paragraph 20 Paragraph 20 A. will not be taken back by the shopB. is specially codedC. offer this Divx systemD. is likely to be cheaper than the conventional DVD
26、 discE. has been played and whereF. is owned by retailer Circuit City21 The Divx disc is different from the rented videotape in that once offered, the Divx disc22 Every Divx disc has a special code so that the rental shop can identify which disc23 If converted for unlimited use, the Divx disc_.24 Th
27、e conventional DVD player cannot play any Divx disc because the disc_25 Panasonic, RCA, and Zenith will_.四、填句补文25 The Origin of Mothers DayIn the U. S. Mothers Day is a holiday celebrated on the second Sunday in May. It is a day when children honor their mothers with cards, gifts, and flowers. First
28、 observance was in Philadelphia in 1907.【T1】_Although it wasnt celebrated in the U. S. until 1907, there were days honoring mothers even in the days of ancient Greece.【T2 】_Later, in the 1600s,in England there was an annual observance called “Mothering Sunday“.【T3】_On Mothering Sunday, the servants,
29、 who generally lived with their employers, were encouraged to return home and honor their mothers. It was traditional for them to bring a special cake along to celebrate the occasion.Mothers Day was first suggested in the United States in 1872 by Julia Ward Howe as a day dedicated to peace. In 1907
30、Ana Jams, from Philadelphia, began a campaign to establish a national Mothers Day. Jarvis persuaded her mothers church in Grafton, West Virginia to celebrate Mothers Day on the second anniversary of her mother s death, the 2nd Sunday of May. The next year Mothers Day was also celebrated in Philadelp
31、hia.Jarvis and others began a letter-writing campaign to ministers, businessmen, and politicians in their quest to establish a national Mothers Day.【T4】_ President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement proclaiming Mothers Day a national observance that was to be held each year on t
32、he 2nd Sunday of May.【T5】_ Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium celebrate Mothers Day on the second Sunday in May, as in the U. S.A. Mothers day should not be just another day with a few flowers thrown in.B. In those days, however, it was Rhea, the Mother of the gods that was give
33、n honor.C. Many other countries of the world celebrate their own Mothers Day at different times throughout the year.D. They were successful.E. It was celebrated during June, on the fourth Sunday.F. It is based on suggestions by Julia Ward Howe in 1872 and by Anna Jarvis in 1907.26 【T1】27 【T2】28 【T3】
34、29 【T4】30 【T5】五、填词补文30 Two People, Two PathsYou must be familiar with the situation: Dad is driving. Mum is telling him where to go. He is【B1】_ that they need to turn left. But she says it is not for another two blocks.【B2 】_ has the better sense of direction? Men or women? They both do, a new study
35、 says, but in different ways. Canadian researchers have found men and women have【B3】_ methods of finding their way. Men look quickly at landmarks and head off in what they think is the right direction. Women, however, try to picture the whole route in【B4】_ and then follow the path in their head. “Wo
36、men tend to be more detailed, while men【B5 】_ to be a little bit faster and a little bit more intuitive (直接感知的 ) “ ,said Edward Cornell.In fact, said Cornell,“ sense of【B6】_ “ is not one skill but two. The first is the “survey method“. This is when you see all area from above, such as a printed map.
37、 You can see, for example, where the hospital is,【B7】_ the church is and that the supermarket is on its right. The second skill is the “route method“ ,this is when you use a series of directions. You【B8】_ from the hospital, then turn left, turn right, go uphilland then you see the supermarket. Men a
38、re more【B9】_ to use the survey method while women are more likely to use one route and follow directions. Both methods work, and【B10】_ is better.A. directionB. whoC. sureD. startE. likelyF. whatG. whereH. neitherI. differentJ. bothK. tendL.detail31 【B1 】32 【B2 】33 【B3 】34 【B4 】35 【B5 】36 【B6 】37 【B7
39、 】38 【B8 】39 【B9 】40 【B10 】六、完形补文40 How to Deal With Pressure?With the current mood of global【C1】_ (certain) and an【C2 】_ (economy) recession, people are likely to suffer from increased stress, depression and anxiety. These【C3】_ (psychology) symptoms, in a new twist to the old saying of “mind over m
40、atter“ , can lead to actual physical problems.The mind and the body are【C4 】_ (integrate) system. Its like a web. If one part is【C5】_ (disturb),it will directly or indirectly, affect another part. Hence, psychological and emotional reactions will trigger physical responses.When a person feels a thre
41、at to his well-being, the brain reacts by【C6】_ (release) chemicals. For example, the adrenal gland(肾上腺) in the brain may release adrenaline (肾上腺素) which prepares the body to respond to physical threats. The brains neuro-chemistry programs a person to react in one of the classic ways: fight, flight o
42、r fright.Are you sleeping well? Are you eating well? Are you working or studying well? Any mental health problem would affect these three areas of behavior. Some people deal with stress and【C7】_ (anxious) by turning to【C8 】_ (religious), others by talking to friends and family. But are there other o
43、ptions? Exercise is a good outlet. Play a game. Go jogging. You will be【C9】_ (concentrate) on doing something. There is a target to be【C10】_ (achieve) and will occupy your mind. Go Karaoke singing and dancing with friends. The worst thing to do is to sit at home and think.41 【C1 】42 【C2 】43 【C3 】44
44、【C4 】45 【C5 】46 【C6 】47 【C7 】48 【C8 】49 【C9 】50 【C10 】七、短文写作51 请根据所提供材料中的要求撰写一篇 150 词左右的英语短文。You are a tour guide to lead a group of foreign tourists to a famous attractionYour brief introduction should include：1)some welcoming words；2)the schedule for the day；3)a description of the place the touris
45、ts will be visitingYou should make the introduction interesting and the arrangements for the day clear to everybodyDo not use your own name，use Wang Jiao instead，if necessary 自考英语（二）模拟试卷 42 答案与解析一、阅读判断1 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 原文第二段第二句话提到“Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading”即南极洲保持着气温读数的
46、最低纪录。2 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 原文第二段最后一句话提到南极冬天的平均气温是零下 73 度。3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据原文第三段第一句中的“in parts of the Arctic”说明北极只是部分地区人无法居住，而不是完全不适合人类生存。4 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据原文第五段，极地探险家包裹着暖和的大衣和毛皮(wrap themselves in warm coats and furs)，也能存活(stay alive)。5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据原文第六段最后两句话，南北极的海洋和陆地都有生物。6 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文中未提到北
47、极在过去是否也一直这么冷。 7 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据原文第二段最后部分可看出，南极的平均温度比北极低。8 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据原文第四段第二句话，加热设备必须始终开着(at all times)，夜间肯定也得开着。9 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 原文只提到在南极洲发现了煤，未提到煤炭在南极洲很丰富。10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据原文最后一段，由于在南极洲发现了煤，可推测出南极洲曾经也很温暖潮湿，有沼泽和森林。二、阅读选择11 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 统观全文可知，文章用了大量的篇幅介绍生物和电流的密切关系。因此选 B。12 【正确答案】 D【试题解
48、析】 第一段第三句话“当停电时，人们在摇曳不定的烛光下摸索；因没有红绿灯的指示，汽车在道路上迟疑不前；冰箱也停止工作，导致食物变质。”由此可以看出，只有 D 选项不正确。13 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文中作者提到电鳗，是将其作为一个“活的发电机”的例子来加以介绍的。因此选 C。14 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从最后一段的前两句话“电鳗就是一种令人惊异的蓄电池。它可以在水中发出高达 800 伏特的电流”可以看出，电鳗所产生的电流可以高达 800 伏。15 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 最后一段最后一句话说“电鳗发出的电流的强度大约和它身体的长度成正比”，因此选择 B。三、概括段落大意和
49、补全句子16 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 段落大意概括类的题，一般需要寻找段落的关键句子或中心句以及关键词。以下同此。本段比较简短，主要是起到一种提示性的作用，引入话题，介绍一种事物。17 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 本段主要介绍了这种新生事物的名称以及基本使用费用。18 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 本段主要介绍了这种系统将两种功能联合从而具有的优点。19 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 本段主要介绍该系统的播放追踪功能以及费用支付方式。20 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本段在和传统的 DVD 系统进行比较后，又讲述了该系统的另一个优势：较低价格的无限制播放功能。21 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 段落句子补充信息类的题目需要回归到该问题所出现的位置，根据上下文进行寻找、进行提炼或转换近义的词句。以下同此。根据第三段的前两句话可以看出，新系统的一个优势在于用后不必归还。22
