2019届高考数学二轮复习压轴大题高分练三解析几何(C组)20190213218.doc

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1、1压轴大题高分练 3.解析几何(C 组)压轴大题集训练,练就慧眼和规范,筑牢高考高分根基!1.如图,抛物线 M:过 y=x2上一点 A(点 A 不与原点 O 重合)作抛物线 M 的切线 AB 交 y 轴于点B,点 C 是抛物线 M 上异于点 A 的点,设 G 为ABC 的重心(三条中线的交点),直线 CG 交 y 轴于点 D.(1)设点 A(x0, )(x00),求直线 AB 的方程.(2)求 的值.【解析】(1)因为 y=2x,所以直线 AB 的斜率 k=y=2x 0.所以直线 AB 的方程 y- =2x0(x-x0),即 y=2x0x- .20(2)由题意得,点 B 的纵坐标 yB=- ,

2、20所以 AB 中点坐标为 .设 C(x1,y1),G(x2,y2),直线 CG 的方程为 x=my+ x0.由2联立得 m2y2+(mx0-1)y+ =0.1420因为 G 为ABC 的重心,所以 y1=3y2.由根与系数的关系,得y1+y2=4y2= ,y1y2=3 = .22所以 = ,20122解得 mx0= -32 .所以点 D 的纵坐标 yD= - = ,02 20643故 = =4 6.|2.已知椭圆 C: + =1(ab0)的右焦点为 F(c,0),点 P 为椭圆 C 上的动点,若|PF|的最大2222值和最小值分别为 2+ 和 2- .3(1)求椭圆 C 的方程.(2)设不过

3、原点的直线 l 与椭圆 C 交于 P,Q 两点,若直线 OP,PQ,OQ 的斜率依次成等比数列,求OPQ 面积的最大值.【解析】(1)由已知得 解得 =2,=3,椭圆 C 的方程为 +y2=1.24(2)设 l:y=kx+b(易知 l 存在斜率,且 b0),设 P(x1,y1),Q(x2,y2)由条件知 kOP kOQ=k2,3即 k2= =1212(1+)(2+)12= =k2+ .212+(1+2)+212所以 =0,所以 x1+x2=- . (4k2+1)x2+8kbx+4b2-4=0,因为 =(8kb) 2-4(4k2+1)(4b2-4)0,所以 4k2+1-b20,所以 x1+x2=- x1x2=4(2-1)1+42联立得:- =- ,所以 4k2=1.|PQ|= = 1+14= ,10-52点 O 到直线 l 的距离 d= = .|1+24SOPQ = |PQ|d= 12 12 10-52|54=|b|= = ,(2-2)2因为 4k2=1 且 4k2+1-b20,所以 0b22,所以当 直线 l 为 y= x1 时,2=1,42=1, =1,=12, 12OPQ 面积的最大值为 1.

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