1、Lessons Learned Entry: 1611Lesson Info:a71 Lesson Number: 1611a71 Lesson Date: 2005-08-19a71 Submitting Organization: ARCa71 Authored by: Donald R. MendozaSubject: Risk Management: Limited Value of Paper Studies and Projects Not Reaching Their Full Life Cycle Abstract: Several of the X-vehicle progr
2、ams were cancelled prior to flight. There seems to be insufficient awareness that information or knowledge obtained from these programs has not been verified by flight. Description of Driving Event: An individual involved in several of the X-vehicle programs since the 1960s has observed that the Age
3、ncy may have a false sense of security or accomplishment with regards to those programs. Because many of the X-vehicle programs intended for space flight have not produced anything except analysis or paper studies, the design approaches used in those programs and the margins for manufacturing and sa
4、fety have never been verified through actual flight-testing. Therefore, the information obtained from these cancelled projects is suspect. Most current engineers and scientists within the Agency have not experienced the completion of a flight project or the production of real flight hardware. On the
5、 other hand, programs, which complete but are unsuccessful contribute more to the knowledge base than those that are cancelled. However, many of the younger scientist and engineers in the Agency have not had the opportunity to experience a failed flight (or a successful one). Lesson(s) Learned: 1. N
6、ew projects will build on the results of past projects whether the results have been appropriately verified or not. There is a tendency to forget that work from incomplete previous programs has not been verified.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license fro
7、m IHS-,-,-2. Programs that dont reach their planned end dont provide information on what else is needed for successful completion (ground operations, facilities, etc.) in such programs.3. Failed projects, especially those with adequate engineering instrumentation, teach us a lot.Recommendation(s): 1
8、. Technology being re-used in a new project or environment should be fully reassessed for the new application. The assumptions and verifications (or lack thereof), which occurred in earlier uses of a technology or process, need to be factored into new designs. a. Emphasis should be placed on instrum
9、enting both the hardware/software development process and the resulting system such that assumptions of previous development efforts, as well as the current one, can be verified. Thus additional funding should be included in these project plans for both instrumentation and testing. 2. An effort shou
10、ld be made to capture the other information (such as human capital and facilities requirements) that is needed for the new space missions, as the many cancelled space vehicle projects cannot supply this data. a. Examples from the past such as the Apollo and STS mission should be studied to determine
11、 the types of human capital and facilities that will be required to undertake the new space missions 3. The Agency should develop a long-term educational process that may allow a certain number of programs to run their whole life cycle just to train people. Evidence of Recurrence Control Effectivene
12、ss: N/ADocuments Related to Lesson: NPR 7120.5Mission Directorate(s): a71 Exploration Systemsa71 Sciencea71 Aeronautics Researcha71 Space OperationsAdditional Key Phrase(s): a71 Policy & PlanningProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-a71 Pro
13、gram and Project Managementa71 Risk Management/Assessmenta71 Safety & Mission AssuranceAdditional Info: Approval Info: a71 Approval Date: 2006-04-18a71 Approval Name: dkruhma71 Approval Organization: HQProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-
