1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules providHWKDW7KLVUHSRUWLVSXEOLVKHGE6$(WRDGYDQFHWKHVWDWHRIWHFKQ LFDODQGHQJLQHHULQJVFLHQFHV7KHXVHRIWKLVUHSRUWL s entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising thereIURPLVWKHVROHUHVSRQVLELO
2、LWRIWKHXVHU SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2016 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, store
3、d in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 E
4、mail: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS2414G AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS2414 REV. G Issued 1948-05 Revised 2005-09 Reaffirmed 2016-02 Supersedi
5、ng AMS2414F Plating, Lead RATIONALE AMS2414G has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy. 1. SCOPE: 1.1 Purpose: This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposed lead on metal parts. 1.2 Application: This process has been used typically to prevent galling of metal
6、 parts and to improve the performance of bearings, but usage is not limited to such applications. 1.3 Safety - Hazardous Materials: While the materials, methods, applications, and processes described or referenced in this specification may involve the use of hazardous materials, this specification d
7、oes not address the hazards which may be involved in such use. It is the sole responsibility of the user to ensure familiarity with the safe and proper use of any hazardous materials and to take necessary precautionary measures to ensure the health and safety of all personnel involved. 2. APPLICABLE
8、 DOCUMENTS: The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has
9、 been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1 ASTM Publications: Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or www.astm.org. ASTM B 253 Preparation of Aluminum Alloys for Ele
10、ctroplating ASTM B 487 Measurement of Metal and Oxide Coating Thicknesses by Microscopical Examination of a Cross Section 2.1 (Continued): ASTM B 499 Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on Magnetic Basis Metals ASTM B 504 Measurement of Thickness of Metall
11、ic Coatings by the Coulometric Method ASTM B 567 Measurement of Coating Thickness by the Beta Backscatter Method ASTM B 568 Measurement of Coating Thickness by X-Ray Spectrometry ASTM B 571 Adhesion of Metallic Coating ASTM B 748 Measurement of Thickness of Metallic Coatings by Measurement of Cross
12、Section with a Scanning Electron Microscope 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS: 3.1 Preparation: 3.1.1 Steel parts having hardness of 40 HRC or higher and which have been ground after heat treatment shall be cleaned to remove surface contamination and stress relieved before preparation for plating. Temperatu
13、res to which parts are heated shall be such that maximum stress relief is obtained without reducing hardness of parts below drawing limits, but, unless otherwise specified, parts with a hardness of 55 HRC or higher shall be stress relieved at not less than 275 oF (135 C) for not less than five hours
14、 and other parts shall be stress relieved at not less than 375 F (191 C) for not less than four hours. 3.1.2 The plating shall be applied over a surface free from water breaks. The cleaning procedure shall not produce pitting, embrittlement, or intergranular attack of the basis metal and shall prese
15、rve dimensional requirements. 3.1.2.1 For parts 40 HRC and over, contact time with surface activation acids such as hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, and sulfuric acids shall be minimized so as not to produce hydrogen embrittlement. 3.1.3 Except for barrel plating, electrical contact points shall be as fo
16、llows. For parts which are to be plated all over, locations shall be acceptable to purchaser. For parts which are not to be plated all over, locations shall be in areas on which plating is not required. 3.1.4 Aluminum or aluminum alloys shall be zincate treated in accordance with ASTM B 253 or other
17、 method acceptable to purchaser, prior to plating. 3.2 Procedure: 3.2.1 Parts shall be plated by electrodeposition of lead from a suitable lead plating solution onto a properly prepared surface. The plate shall be applied directly on the basis metal except that, in the case of parts made of corrosio
18、n-resistant steels and high speed steels, a suitable strike plate may be used for bonding purposes. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2414G Page 2 of 7_3.3 Properties: The deposited lead shall conform to the following requirements: 3.3.1 Thickness of lead plating shall be 0.0005 to 0.0007 inch (13 to 18 m), dete
19、rmined on representative parts or test panels in accordance with ASTM B 487, ASTM B 499, ASTM B 504, ASTM B 567, ASTM B 568, ASTM B 748, or by other method acceptable to purchaser. 3.3.1.1 Plate thickness may be specified by AMS 2414 and a suffix number normally designating the minimum thickness in
20、ten-thousandths of an inch (m); the maximum plate thickness shall be 0.0002 inch (5 m) greater than the minimum. Thus, AMS 2414-2 designates a thickness of 0.0002 to 0.0004 inch (5 to 10 m) and AMS 2414-6 designates a thickness of 0.0006 to 0.0008 inch (15 to 20 m). 3.3.1.2 Where “lead flash” is spe
21、cified, the thickness of lead deposit shall be approximately 0.0001 inch (2.5 m). 3.3.1.3 The plate shall be substantially uniform in thickness on significant surfaces except that slight build-up on exterior corners or edges is acceptable provided finished drawing dimensions are met. 3.3.1.4 All sur
22、faces of the part, except those which cannot be touched by a sphere 0.75 inch (19.0 mm) in diameter, shall be plated to the specified thickness. Unless otherwise specified, surfaces such as holes, recesses, threads and other areas where a controlled deposit cannot be obtained under normal plating co
23、nditions, may have thickness less than specified limits, provided they show visual coverage. Coverage cannot be expected, however, below one diameter depth in holes unless auxiliary anodes are used. 3.3.2 Adhesion shall meet the requirements of ASTM B 571 or a method acceptable to purchaser. 3.4 Qua
24、lity: Plating, as received by purchaser, shall be continuous, adherent to basis metal, uniform in appearance, and essentially free from pin holes, porosity, blisters, nodules, pits, and other imperfections detrimental to usage of the plating. Slight staining or discoloration is permissible. There sh
25、all be no evidence of double plating or spotting in. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS: 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection: The processor shall supply all samples for processors tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. When parts are to be tested, the parts shall be sup
26、plied by purchaser. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that processing conforms to specified requirements. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2414G Page 3 of 7_4.2 Classification of Tests: 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests: Thickness (3.3.1), adhesion (3
27、.3.2), and quality (3.4) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on parts, or samples representing parts when permitted, from each lot. 4.2.2 Periodic Tests: Cleaning and plating solutions are periodic tests and shall be performed at a frequency selected by the processor unless frequency of test
28、ing is specified by purchaser (See 8.4). 4.2.3 Preproduction Tests: All property verification tests (section 3.3) are preproduction tests and shall be performed prior to or on the initial shipment of plated parts to a purchaser and when purchaser deems confirmatory testing to be required. 4.3 Sampli
29、ng for Tests: 4.3.1 Sample Configuration: 4.3.1.1 Nondestructive testing shall be performed wherever practical. Except as noted, actual parts shall be selected as specimens for tests. 4.3.1.2 Thickness and Adhesion Tests: When used, separate test panels are made of the same generic class of alloy as
30、 the parts, cleaned, plated, and post-treated with the parts represented. Separate test panels may be used when plated parts are of a configuration or size not readily adaptable to specified tests, when nondestructive testing is not practical on actual parts, or it is not economically acceptable to
31、perform destructive tests on actual parts. 4.3.2 Sampling for testing shall be not less than the following; a lot shall be all parts of the same part number coated in the same set of solutions in each consecutive 24 hours of operation, and presented for processors inspection at one time. 4.3.2.1 Acc
32、eptance Tests: Test samples shall be randomly selected from all parts in the lot. The minimum number of samples shall be as shown in Table 1. TABLE 1 - Sampling for Acceptance Tests Number of Parts in Lot Quality Thickness and Adhesion 1 to 7 All All or 3* 8 to 15 7 4 16 to 40 10 4 41 to 110 15 5 11
33、1 to 300 25 6 301 to 500 35 7 501 to 700 50 8 701 to 1200 75 10 Over 1200 125 15 *Whichever is less SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2414G Page 4 of 7_4.3.2.2 Periodic Tests: Sample quantity shall be selected at the discretion of the processor unless otherwise specified by purchaser. 4.4 Approval: 4.4.1 The pro
34、cess and control factors, a preproduction sample, or both, whichever is specified, shall be approved by the cognizant engineering organization before production coated parts are supplied. 4.4.2 If the processor makes a significant change to any material, process, or control factor from that which wa
35、s used for process approval, all preproduction tests shall be performed and the results submitted to the purchaser for process reapproval unless the change is approved by the cognizant engineering organization. A significant change is one which, in the judgment of the cognizant engineering organizat
36、ion, could affect the properties or performance of the plated parts. 4.4.2.1 Control factors include, but are not limited to, the following: Surface preparation and cleaning methods Bath type and composition limits Temperature limits and control of processing solutions Method of thickness determinat
37、ion Stripping procedure, when applicable Rack locations Current density (amps per total surface area of the parts plated at one time in each tank) or amps per part Periodic test plan (See 8.4) 4.5 Reports: The processor of plated parts shall furnish with each shipment a report stating that the parts
38、 have been processed and tested in accordance with specified requirements and that they conform to the the procedures herein and acceptance test requirements of this specification. This report shall include the purchase order number, lot number, AMS 2414G, part number, and quantity. 4.6 Resampling a
39、nd Retesting: 4.6.1 If results of any acceptance test fails to meet specified requirements, the parts in that lot may be stripped and retested. Alternatively, all parts in the lot may be inspected for the nonconforming attribute, and the nonconforming parts may be stripped and retested. 4.6.1.1 When
40、 stripping is performed, the method shall be acceptable to the purchaser and shall not roughen, pit, or embrittle the basis metal or adversely affect part dimensions, pretreated, coated, and post-treated as defined herein. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2414G Page 5 of 7_4.6.2 If any periodic test fails to me
41、et specified requirements, the process is nonconforming. No additional parts shall be plated until the process is corrected and new specimens are plated and tested. Results of all tests shall be recorded and, when requested, reported. Purchaser shall be notified of all parts plated since the last ac
42、ceptable test. 5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY: 5.1 Plated parts shall be handled and packaged to ensure that the required physical characteristics and properties of the plating are preserved. 5.2 Packages of plated parts shall be prepared for shipment in accordance with commercial practice and in compl
43、iance with applicable rules and regulations pertaining to the handling, packaging, and transportation of the plated parts to ensure carrier acceptance and safe delivery. 6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT: A processor shall mention this specification number and its revision letter in all quotations and when acknowle
44、dging purchase orders. 7. REJECTIONS: Parts on which the plating does not conform to this specification, or to modifications authorized by purchaser, will be subject to rejection. 8. NOTES: 8.1 The change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where t
45、echnical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this specification. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the specification. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in specifications that contain edi
46、torial changes only. 8.2 Part manufacturing operations, such as heat treatment, forming, joining, and media finishing can affect the condition of the substrate for plating or, if performed after plating, could affect the plate. The sequencing of these types of operations should be specified by the c
47、ognizant engineering operation and is not controlled by this specification. 8.3 The parts manufacturer should ensure that surfaces of metal parts supplied to the processor are free from blemishes, pits, tool marks, and other irregularities that will affect the quality of the finished parts. Defects and variations in appearance that arise from surface conditions of the substrate, such as porosity, scratches, or inclusions, t
