(福建专版)2019春八年级数学下册第十八章平行四边形18.2特殊的平行四边形18.2.1矩形课件(新版)新人教版.pptx

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1、18.2 特殊的平行四边形,18.2.1 矩形,1.矩形的概念 有一个角是直角的平行四边形叫做 ,也就是长方形. 2.矩形的性质 矩形的四个角都是 ;矩形的对角线 . 3.矩形的一组邻边长分别为3 cm和4 cm,则它的对角线长是 . 4.直角三角形的性质 直角三角形斜边上的中线等于斜边的 . 5.在RtABC中,ACB=90,D是AB的中点,CD=4 cm,则AB=cm. 6.矩形的判定定理 (1)对角线 的平行四边形是矩形. (2)有三个角是 的四边形是矩形.,矩形,直角,相等,5 cm,一半,8,相等,直角,7.(1)如果要使ABCD成为一个矩形,需要添加一个条件,那么你添加的条件是 ;

2、 (2)在四边形ABCD中,已知ABBC,ADBC,要使四边形ABCD成为一个矩形,还需添加的一个条件可以是.,如A=90,AC=BD等,如C=90或D=90或AD=BC等,矩形的判定 【例题】 如图,在ABCD中,E,F为BC上两点,且BE=CF,AF=DE.求证:(1)ABFDCE; (2)四边形ABCD是矩形. 证明:(1)BE=CF,BF=BE+EF,CE=CF+EF,BF=CE. 四边形ABCD是平行四边形,AB=DC. 在ABF和DCE中,AB=DC,BF=CE,AF=DE,ABFDCE. (2)ABFDCE,B=C. 四边形ABCD是平行四边形,ABCD. B+C=180.B=C

3、=90. 平行四边形ABCD是矩形.,1.已知在矩形ABCD中,对角线AC,BD相交于点O,则与OAB相等的角有(不包括OAB)( ). A.1个 B.2个 C.3个 D.4个,答案,2.下面检查一个四边形门框是否为矩形的方法中正确的是( ). A.用卷尺测量对角线是否互相平分 B.用卷尺测量对角线是否相等 C.用曲尺测量对角线是否互相垂直 D.用曲尺测量门框的三个角是否为直角,答案,3.如图,在矩形ABCD中,对角线AC,BD相交于点O,点E,F分别是AO,AD的中点,若AC=8,则EF= .,答案,解析,4.如图,在四边形ABCD中,ABC=ADC=90,E,F分别是AC,BD的中点. 求证:EFBD.,答案,5.如图,ABCD的对角线AC,BD相交于点O,AOB是等边三角形,AB=4 cm.(1)求证:ABCD是矩形. (2)求ABCD的面积.,答案,

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