1、2014 年 10 月全国自考(国际商务英语)真题试卷及答案解析(总分:92.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词组英译汉(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.foreign currency reserves(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_2.customs clearance(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_3.foreign exchange shortage(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_4.documentary credit(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_5.utmost good faith(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_6.legal entity(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_7
2、.hedge(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_8.escape clause(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_9.European Commission(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_10.portfolio investment(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_二、词组汉译英(总题数:10,分数:20.00)11.基础设施(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_12.专业化(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_13.集装箱(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_14.金融市场(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_15.商业风险(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_16.贴现率(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_17.所得税(分数:2.
3、00)填空项 1:_18.反倾销(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_19.产地证书(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_20.关税待遇(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_三、配对题(总题数:1,分数:20.00)a. a set of international rules for interpretation of trade termsb. right to the possession of a position or propertyc. getting goods off a carrierd. money held aside to meet future demand.e. soaring o
4、f prices beyond controlf. the marketing, transporting, and selling of any itemg. a natural gift or abilityh. right to reject or forbid somethingi. the person who issues a draft, usually the exporterj. a person or thing that closely resemble another in position or function(分数:20.00)(1).counterpart(分数
5、:2.00)填空项 1:_(2).reserve(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(3).distribution(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(4).unload(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(5).title(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(6).drawer(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(7).hyperinflation(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(8).Incoterms(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(9).endowment(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(10).veto(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_四、名词解释(总题数:5,分数:10.00)21.bill of e
6、xchange(分数:2.00)_22.tariff(分数:2.00)_23.counter trade(分数:2.00)_24.hard loan(分数:2.00)_25.FDI(分数:2.00)_五、简答题(总题数:4,分数:8.00)26.What are the tenet and objectives of APEC?(分数:2.00)_27.Are there other bases for trade when there are no differences among countries in production conditions? Mention some of th
7、e bases.(分数:2.00)_28.How are exchange rates published daily? What quote does China use?(分数:2.00)_29.Briefly explain the Generalized System of Preference.(分数:2.00)_六、句子英译汉(总题数:2,分数:4.00)30.BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project. For a BOT project, a firm operates a facility for a period of t
8、ime after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company. Making profit from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey project. Needless to say, the contractor has to Bear the financial and other risks that may occur in the peri
9、od of operation.(分数:2.00)_31.While many people are acclaiming the benefits brought about by economic globalization, there are also loud voices of opposition. Economic globalization enables countries to benefit from the boom of other countries but also makes them more vulnerable to the adverse events
10、 across the globe. But like it or not, it has become an objective trend in the world economic development. The best policy for us is to follow the trend closely, availing the opportunities it offers to develop ourselves and avoiding its possible impacts.(分数:2.00)_七、句子汉译英(总题数:5,分数:10.00)32.国际贸易指不同国家间
11、进行的交易,它涉及到更多因素,因而比国内贸易复杂得多。(分数:2.00)_33.买方发出的询盘是为了获得拟定购商品的有关信息,它对发出询盘的人无约束力。(分数:2.00)_34.要么因为信用证金额过大,要么因为对开证行不完全信任,出口商可能有时需要保兑的信用证。(分数:2.00)_35.保险是一种风险转移机制。通过保险个人或企业可以将生活中的不确定因素转移给其他人。(分数:2.00)_36.直接在国外经营能提高一个公司产品的能见度,使当地客户对他们所购得商品更加放心。(分数:2.00)_2014 年 10 月全国自考(国际商务英语)真题试卷答案解析(总分:92.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、
12、词组英译汉(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.foreign currency reserves(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:外汇储备)解析:解析:foreign 意为“外国的”;currency 意为“货币”;reserves 意为“储备”。2.customs clearance(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:结关)解析:解析:customs 意为“海关”;clearance 意为“清算”。3.foreign exchange shortage(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:外汇短缺)解析:解析:foreign ex
13、change 意为“外汇”;shortage 意为“短缺”。4.documentary credit(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:跟单信用证)解析:解析:documentary credit 是跟单信用证的固定称谓。5.utmost good faith(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:最大诚信)解析:解析:utmost 意为“最大”;good 意为“好的”;faith 意为“信任”。6.legal entity(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:法人)解析:解析:legal 意为“法律的”;entity 意为“实体”。7.h
14、edge(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:保护)解析:解析:hedge 意为“保护”。8.escape clause(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:免责条款)解析:解析:escape 意为“逃脱”;clauses 意为“条款”。9.European Commission(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:欧盟委员会)解析:解析:European Commission 是欧盟委员会的固定称谓。10.portfolio investment(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:证券投资)解析:解析:portfoli
15、o 意为“投资组合”;investment 意为“投资”。二、词组汉译英(总题数:10,分数:20.00)11.基础设施(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:infrastructure)解析:解析:infrastructure 是基础设施的固定名称。12.专业化(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:specialization)解析:解析:specialize 的名词形式。13.集装箱(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:container)解析:解析:container 意为“集装箱“。14.金融市场(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (
16、正确答案:正确答案:financial market)解析:解析:financial 意为“金融的”;market 意为“市场”。15.商业风险(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:venture)解析:解析:venture 意为“风险”。16.贴现率(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:discount rate)解析:解析:discount 意为“折扣”;rate 意为“比率”。17.所得税(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:income tax)解析:解析:income 意为“收入”;tax 意为“税收”。18.反倾销(分数:2.0
17、0)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:antidumping)解析:解析:anti 意为“反对的”;dumping 意为“倾销”。19.产地证书(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:certificate of origin)解析:解析:certificate 意为“证明书”;origin 意为“来源”。20.关税待遇(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:tariff treatment)解析:解析:tariff 意为“关税”;treatment 意为“待遇”。三、配对题(总题数:1,分数:20.00)a. a set of international
18、rules for interpretation of trade termsb. right to the possession of a position or propertyc. getting goods off a carrierd. money held aside to meet future demand.e. soaring of prices beyond controlf. the marketing, transporting, and selling of any itemg. a natural gift or abilityh. right to reject
19、or forbid somethingi. the person who issues a draft, usually the exporterj. a person or thing that closely resemble another in position or function(分数:20.00)(1).counterpart(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:j)解析:(2).reserve(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:d)解析:(3).distribution(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:f)解析:(4
20、).unload(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:c)解析:(5).title(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:h)解析:(6).drawer(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:i)解析:(7).hyperinflation(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:e)解析:(8).Incoterms(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:a)解析:(9).endowment(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:g)解析:(10).veto(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案
21、:正确答案:h)解析:四、名词解释(总题数:5,分数:10.00)21.bill of exchange(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Bill of exchange is an unconditional order to a bank or a customer to pay a sum of money to someone on demand or at a fixed time in the future)解析:解析:汇票是对银行或客户下达无条件的命令,令其立即或在未来某个固定时间向某人支付一定数额的款项。22.tariff(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Tar
22、iff is tax levied by the customs)解析:解析:关税是由海关征收的税。23.counter trade(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Counter trade is a peculiar form of transaction allegedly popular in less developed countries and in centrally planned economies)解析:解析:对销贸易是发展中国家和中央计划经济国家广泛使用的一种特殊形式的贸易。24.hard loan(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:A hard mone
23、y loan is a specific type of assetbased loan financing through which a borrower receives funds secured by the value of a parcel of real estate)解析:解析:此处考查对硬通货的理解,硬通货币值稳定,有利于资产保值,避免风险。25.FDI(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Foreign Direct Investment)解析:解析:FDI 是外国直接投资的简称。五、简答题(总题数:4,分数:8.00)26.What are the tenet an
24、d objectives of APEC?(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:The tenet and objectives of APEC are interdependence,mutual benefits,adhering to an open and multilateral trading system and reduction of regional trade barriers)解析:解析:亚太经合组织的宗旨和目标是“相互依存,共同受益,坚持开放的多边贸易体制和减少区域贸易壁垒。”27.Are there other bases for trade when ther
25、e are no differences among countries in production conditions? Mention some of the bases.(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Yes,there areFirst,patterns of demand may differ among nationsSecond,trade may occur out of economies of scale,iethe cost advantages of largescale productionThird,trade takes place because o
26、f innovation or style)解析:解析:即使各国在生产商品的基础能力方面没有差异,他们之间进行贸易的其他基础仍然可能存在。首先,各国需求结构有所不同。其次,贸易可能产生于规模经济。第三,贸易的发生是由于革新或款式的需要。28.How are exchange rates published daily? What quote does China use?(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Exchange rates are published daily in two different waysA direct exchange rate is the price
27、of a foreign currency in terms of the home currency In a direct quote,an amount of foreign currency,usually one unit or one hundred units is taken as the standard and the equivalent amount of home currency is marked after itAn indirect exchange rate is the price of home currency in terms of a foreig
28、n currency In an indirect quote one unit or one hundred units home currency is taken as the standard and the equivalent of foreign currency is givenChina uses the direct quote)解析:解析:此题考查对于汇率两种不同公布形式的理解,可结合教材具体内容作答。29.Briefly explain the Generalized System of Preference.(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:The Gener
29、alized System of Preferences,or GSP,is a preferential tariff system which provides for a formal system of exemption from the more general rules of the World Trade Organization(WTO),(formerly,the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade or GATT)Specifically,its a system of exemption from the most favor
30、ed nation principle(MFN)that obliges WTO member countries to treat the imports of all other WTO member countries no worse than they treat the imports of their “most favored”trading partnerIn essence,MFN requires WTO member countries to treat imports coming from all other WTO member countries equally
31、,that is,by imposing equal tariffs on them)解析:解析:本题考查对于普惠制的理解,可结合教材具体内容作答。六、句子英译汉(总题数:2,分数:4.00)30.BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project. For a BOT project, a firm operates a facility for a period of time after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company. Making prof
32、it from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey project. Needless to say, the contractor has to Bear the financial and other risks that may occur in the period of operation.(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:BOT 是“交钥匙”工程一种流行的变通方式。一家公司可以在工程竣工后运营一段时间,然后最终转交给外国公司
33、。BOT 和普通“交钥匙”工程的一个重大区别是,承包公司可以在一定期间从经营有关工程中获利。当然,它同时也要承担经营期间可能发生的财务风险和其他风险。)解析:解析:本题为教材原文,参见教材中文译文。31.While many people are acclaiming the benefits brought about by economic globalization, there are also loud voices of opposition. Economic globalization enables countries to benefit from the boom of
34、other countries but also makes them more vulnerable to the adverse events across the globe. But like it or not, it has become an objective trend in the world economic development. The best policy for us is to follow the trend closely, availing the opportunities it offers to develop ourselves and avo
35、iding its possible impacts.(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:一方面许多人在为经济全球化带来的好处而喝彩,同时强烈的反对声也同样存在。经济一体化使各国从别国的经济繁荣中受益,同时也使其更容易受到全球各地的不利事件的伤害。然而不管喜欢与否,全球化已成为世界经济发展的客观趋势。最好的办法是紧跟趋势,利用它提供的机会发展自己,同时避免它可能带来的冲击。)解析:解析:本题为教材原文,参见教材中文译文。七、句子汉译英(总题数:5,分数:10.00)32.国际贸易指不同国家间进行的交易,它涉及到更多因素,因而比国内贸易复杂得多。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:I
36、nternational trade refers to transaction between parties from different countriesIt involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business)解析:解析:本题为教材课后题原文,参见教材答案。33.买方发出的询盘是为了获得拟定购商品的有关信息,它对发出询盘的人无约束力。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Enquiries made by the buyer are to get information about t
37、he goods to be ordered,and are not binding on the inquirer)解析:解析:本题为教材课后题原文,参见教材答案。34.要么因为信用证金额过大,要么因为对开证行不完全信任,出口商可能有时需要保兑的信用证。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Either because the credit amount is too large,or because he does not fully trust the opening bank,the exposer may sometimes require a confirmed letter of credit)解析:解析:本题为教材课后题原文,参见教材答案。35.保险是一种风险转移机制。通过保险个人或企业可以将生活中的不确定因素转移给其他人。(分数:2.00)_正确答案: