1、2015 年东北师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：72.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.barriers of time and space（分数：2.00）_3.firecrackers（分数：2.00）_4.distance learning（分数：2.00）_5.elite（分数：2.00）_6.intellectual property（分数：2.00）_7.internal affairs（分数：2.00）_8.WTO（分数：2.00）_9.on the basis of equality and mutual b
2、enefit（分数：2.00）_10.unequal treaty（分数：2.00）_11.bilateral cooperation（分数：2.00）_12.sustainable development（分数：2.00）_13.government-funded scholarship（分数：2.00）_14.individual income tax（分数：2.00）_15.burn the midnight oil（分数：2.00）_16.bio-technology（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.学士学位（分数：2.00）_19.电子公告板（分数：2.00）_20.种族歧视（
3、分数：2.00）_21.劳动力（分数：2.00）_22.情人节（分数：2.00）_23.优惠政策（分数：2.00）_24.零售商店（分数：2.00）_25.全球经济失衡（分数：2.00）_26.自治区（分数：2.00）_27.机器制造产品（分数：2.00）_28.消费品（分数：2.00）_29.商业订单（分数：2.00）_30.文化鸿沟（分数：2.00）_31.股票市场（分数：2.00）_32.学术机构（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：8，分数：12.00)33.英译汉_34.Being told I would be expected to talk here, I inquired
4、 what sort of talk I ought to make. They said it should be something suitable to youthsomething didactic, instructive, or something in the nature of good advice. Very well. I have a few things in my mind which I have often longed to say for the instruction of the young; for it is in one s tender ear
5、ly years that such things will best take root and be most enduring and most valuable. First, then. I will say to you my young friendsand I say it beseechingly, urgingly Always obey your parents, when they are present. This is the best policy in the long run, because if you dont, they will make you.
6、Most parents think they know better than you do, and you can generally make more by humoring that superstition than you can by acting on your own better judgment. Now as to the matter of lying, you want to be very careful about lying; otherwise you are nearly sure to get caught. Once caught, you can
7、 never again be in the eyes to the good and the pure, what you were before. Many a young person has injured himself permanently through a single clumsy and ill finished lie, the result of carelessness born of incomplete training. Some authorities hold that the young ought not to lie at all. That of
8、course, is putting it rather stronger than necessary; still while I cannot go quite so far as that, I do maintain, and I believe I am right, that the young ought to be temperate in the use of this great art until practice and experience shall give them that confidence, elegance, and precision which
9、alone can make the accomplishment graceful and profitable. (From 30 Advice to Youth by Mark Twain)（分数：2.00）_35.Figure skating was one of the events at the very first Winter Olympics in 1924. Before that, figure skaters had competed at the Summer Games as early as 1908. Ice dancing is a relatively ne
10、w addition to the Games, making its debut at the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria. The use of skates as a means of transportation in cold northern regions of the world began in prehistoric times. Ice-skating as a sport, however, originated in Holland. From there, it spread to the rest of n
11、orthern Europe and North America. The worlds first ice-skating club was formed in Edinburgh, Scotland, sometime around the end of the seventeenth century. Though ice-skating is a highly technical activity, it is easy to appreciate. Millions of people around the world enjoy watching the harmonious mo
12、vements of a skating couple even if they dont know the names of the particular spins or jumps being used. They are simply attracted by the graceful beauty of this highly entertaining sport.(From Pair Skating and Ice Dancing 双人花样滑冰与冰上舞蹈)（分数：2.00）_36.The Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan reached
13、the great ocean in 1520. He called it “Pacific“, because he found it calm after his voyage around South America. True, it does have violent storms, but generally fewer than the Atlantic. The mighty Pacific washes the shores of five continentsNorth America, South America, Asia, Australia, and Antarct
14、ica. Its waters mingle in the southeast with the Atlantic Ocean and in the southwest with the Indian Ocean. It is not on the shores of continents or in the coastal islands, however, that the soul of the great Pacific is found. It lies far out where the fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the
15、 huge ocean like stars in the sky.（分数：2.00）_37.汉译英_38.杭州素以风景秀丽著称。七百年前，意大利旅行家马可波罗曾称誉它是“世界上最美丽华贵之城”。美的山水孕育着美的心灵，美的心灵创造着美的艺术。历来的大诗人、大文学家、大艺术家，都在杭州留下了不朽的篇章。杭州的民间艺术更是异彩纷呈，引人瞩目。 杭州的宾馆，设备新颖，服务周到。西湖名菜有南宋风味，载誉已久其特点是用鲜活材料制成，保持原汁原味，美味可口。 杭州丝绸纺织等传统工业历史悠久；电子工业和食品工业正在崛起；这里是发展无污染工业的理想之地。（分数：2.00）_39.人类社会发展历程反复昭示，和
16、平与发展互为因果。没有社会的和平稳定，发展就失去保障；没有经济的发展繁荣，和平的基础也会受到侵蚀。当前，由于国际金融危机的冲击，发展问题十分突出，一些发展中国家的社会稳定乃至地区和平受到严重影响，实现千年发展目标的任务紧迫而艰巨。中国主张，国际社会应遵循联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，坚持互信、互利、平等、协作的新安全观，共同维护和平稳定的国际和地区环境。中国也愿意与其他各方一道，积极推动落实联合国千年发展目标，共同促进发展中国家的和平与发展。(选自杨洁篪第十二届中国发展高层论坛年会演讲)（分数：2.00）_40.学而时习之，不亦说乎?有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎?人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎?吾日三省乎吾身。
17、为人谋，而不忠乎?与朋友交，而不信乎?传，不习乎?吾十有五而志乎学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲不逾矩。（分数：2.00）_2015 年东北师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：72.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.barriers of time and space（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：时间和空间的障碍)解析：3.firecrackers（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：鞭炮)解析：4.distance learning（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：
18、远程教育)解析：5.elite（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：精英)解析：6.intellectual property（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：知识产权)解析：7.internal affairs（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：内政，内部事务)解析：8.WTO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(World Trade Organization)世界贸易组织)解析：9.on the basis of equality and mutual benefit（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：在平等互利的基础上)解析：10.unequal trea
19、ty（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：不平等条约)解析：11.bilateral cooperation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：双边合作)解析：12.sustainable development（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：可持续发展)解析：13.government-funded scholarship（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：政府奖学金)解析：14.individual income tax（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：个人所得税)解析：15.burn the midnight oil（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答
20、案：熬夜用功)解析：16.bio-technology（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：生物科技)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.学士学位（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：bachelor degree)解析：19.电子公告板（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Bulletin Board System (BBS)解析：20.种族歧视（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：racial discrimination, racism)解析：21.劳动力（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：labor force)解析：22.情人节（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答
21、案：Valentines Day)解析：23.优惠政策（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：preferential policy)解析：24.零售商店（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：retailer)解析：25.全球经济失衡（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：global economic imbalance)解析：26.自治区（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：autonomous region)解析：27.机器制造产品（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：manufactured products)解析：28.消费品（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：
22、consumer goods)解析：29.商业订单（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：business order)解析：30.文化鸿沟（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：culture gap)解析：31.股票市场（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：stock market)解析：32.学术机构（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：academy, academic institution)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：8，分数：12.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.Being told I would be expected to talk here, I inquir
23、ed what sort of talk I ought to make. They said it should be something suitable to youthsomething didactic, instructive, or something in the nature of good advice. Very well. I have a few things in my mind which I have often longed to say for the instruction of the young; for it is in one s tender e
24、arly years that such things will best take root and be most enduring and most valuable. First, then. I will say to you my young friendsand I say it beseechingly, urgingly Always obey your parents, when they are present. This is the best policy in the long run, because if you dont, they will make you
25、. Most parents think they know better than you do, and you can generally make more by humoring that superstition than you can by acting on your own better judgment. Now as to the matter of lying, you want to be very careful about lying; otherwise you are nearly sure to get caught. Once caught, you c
26、an never again be in the eyes to the good and the pure, what you were before. Many a young person has injured himself permanently through a single clumsy and ill finished lie, the result of carelessness born of incomplete training. Some authorities hold that the young ought not to lie at all. That o
27、f course, is putting it rather stronger than necessary; still while I cannot go quite so far as that, I do maintain, and I believe I am right, that the young ought to be temperate in the use of this great art until practice and experience shall give them that confidence, elegance, and precision which alone can make the accomplishment graceful and profitable. (From 30 Advice to Youth by Mark Twain)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 听说我要来这里做演讲，我便询问应该发表一些什么样的谈话。他们说应当谈一些有益于青年的话题教诲性的、启发性的，或者实质上是一些良言忠告。好吧，关于开导青年人，我确实有几件事时常想说；因为正是在人幼小时，这些事最适合扎根，而且影响最持久、最有价值。那么，首先，我要对你们、我的年轻朋友们说的是我恳切地、迫切地要说的是 只要你们的父母健在，就要
