1、2015 年西安外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.Home schooling is gradually becoming popular in China nowadays. Some parents, who dont agree with current education in full-time schools, send their children to private tutors who give classes about Four Books, Five Clas
2、sics, Four Arts, English, math, etc.（分数：2.00）_3.The Ice Bucket Challenge is an activity involving dumping a bucket of ice water on someones head to promote awareness of the disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and encourage donations to research.（分数：2.00）_4.Almost 46, 000 homes in Switzerland a
3、re empty, a 14 percent increase over last year, as the national housing vacancy rate rose to more than one percent, new government figures show.（分数：2.00）_5.The 7th reform plan for Chinas salt industry calls for an end of Chinas salt monopoly starting in 2016.（分数：2.00）_6.China says many teenagers are
4、 Internet addicts . It says they have grown dependent on the Internet. Some critics even call the Internet “electronic heroin. “（分数：2.00）_7.On Wednesday, in immediate response to the deadly disease, President Barack Obama asked for $1. 5 billion in emergency back-up money .（分数：2.00）_8.The debt ceili
5、ng is a legal limit on the amount of money the federal government of the United States can borrow.（分数：2.00）_9.Carpooling is seen as a more environmentally friendly and sustainable way to travel as sharing journeys reduces carbon emissions and the need for parking spaces.（分数：2.00）_10.Technology that
6、could lead to the creation of glasses-free 3D films at cinemas has been developed by researchers in South Korea.（分数：2.00）_11.Members of Pennsylvanias House of Representatives and many of their employees are no longer allowed to accept cash gifts except from family and close friends.（分数：2.00）_12.Thre
7、e-D printers are used to make everything from automobile parts to bone replacements for human patients. American research scientists are now working on creating replacements for living tissue .（分数：2.00）_13.One method of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks which are barriers formed by trees an
8、d other plants.（分数：2.00）_14.The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees is mandated to lead a coordinated international action to protect refugees and resolve refugee problems worldwide.（分数：2.00）_15.China and Australia on Monday signed a declaration of intent on practically concl
9、uding bilateral negotiations on a free trade agreement(FTA) .（分数：2.00）_16.The way the taxi-hailing apps work is by letting potential passengers put their location information into the app, which is then sent to yellow cabs. The first taxi to arrive on the scene gets to pick up the consumer.（分数：2.00）
10、_17.汉译英_18.中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第四次全体会议于 20 日至 23 日在北京召开，研究全面推进 依法治国 问题。（分数：2.00）_19.亚洲最大规模的专业旅游交易会一一 2014 中国国际旅游交易会 于 11 月 14 日到 16 日举行。（分数：2.00）_20.国内电子商务巨头天猫推出“ 先试后买 ”服务，买家直接下单，不用付款，收到物品后先试用体验，合适了再进行付款。（分数：2.00）_21.据 中国地震台网 正式测定，16 时 55 分，四川省甘孜藏族自治州康定县发生 63 级地震，震源深度18 千米。（分数：2.00）_22.博鳌亚洲论坛 金融合作会议是为促进亚洲
11、各国之间，以及亚洲与其他地区之间金融合作而设立的一个专题性系列年会。（分数：2.00）_23.埃博拉 是一种十分罕见的病毒，1976 年在苏丹南部和刚果(金)埃博拉河地区发现后，引起医学界的广泛关注和重视。（分数：2.00）_24.国家助学贷款 是由政府主导、财政贴息、财政和高校共同给予银行一定风险补偿金，银行、教育行政部门与高校共同操作的专门帮助高校贫困家庭学生的银行贷款。（分数：2.00）_25.中央人才工作协调小组的官方数据表明，虽然中国目前拥有最大的劳动力市场，但同时也在经历比任何国家都严重的 人才流失 。（分数：2.00）_26.为加强海内外炎黄子孙的文化交流和联系，中国将于今年十二
12、月八日到十八日在北京和深圳两地同时举办“ 华夏艺术节 ”。（分数：2.00）_27.创新型政府 的主要特征，就是政府部门将创造性的改革作为提高行政效率、改善服务质量、增进公共利益的基本手段。（分数：2.00）_28.亚洲基础设施投资银行 是一个政府间性质的亚洲区域多边开发机构，重点支持基础设施建设，总部设在北京。（分数：2.00）_29.以房养老 ，也被称为“住房反向抵押贷款”，是指老人将自己的产权房抵押出去，以定期取得一定数额养老金或者接受老年公寓服务的一种养老方式。（分数：2.00）_30.为更好地坚持计划生育的基本国策，加强医疗卫生工作，深化医药卫生体制改革，国务院决定组建 国家卫生和计
13、划生育委员会 。（分数：2.00）_31.被禁 14 年的 一次性发泡餐具 被允许重新上市，引发环保组织和专家的质疑。（分数：2.00）_32.亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议 是亚太经合组织(APEC)最高级别的会议。会议形成的领导人宣言是指导亚太经合组织各项工作的重要纲领性文件。（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_34.Growth prospects among large developing countries and economies in transition are mixed. Growth in Brazil has been hamp
14、ered by weak external demand, volatility in international capital flows and tightening monetary policy, but growth is expected to rebound to 3 per cent in 2014. A slowdown in China has been stabilized and growth is expected to maintain at a pace of about 7. 5 per cent in the next few years. India ex
15、perienced its lowest growth in two decades, along with large current account and government budget deficits plus high inflation, but growth is forecast to improve to above 5 per cent in 2014. In the Russian Federation growth weakened further in 2013, as industrial output and investment faltered, and
16、 is expected to recover modestly to 2. 9 per cent in 2014.Among developing regions, growth prospects in Africa remain relatively robust. After an estimated growth of 4. 0 per cent in 2013 , GDP is projected to expand by 4. 7 per cent in 2014. The report emphasized the dependence of Africas growth on
17、 investment in infrastructure, trade and investment ties with emerging economies, and improvements in economic governance and management.(186 words)（分数：2.00）_35.Most of us are concerned about the lack of privacy online, but were not sure what we can do about it. Nine in 10 Americans believe they hav
18、e no control over their personal information, how it is collected and how it is used by companies, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. And theyre more concerned about corporate America than the government. Of those who use social networking siteslike Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn80% sai
19、d theyre concerned about businesses and advertisers accessing their information. Fewer70% said theyre concerned about the feds doing the same. The survey is part of a series testing public perception in the wake of the NSA leaker Edward Snowdens revelations about government surveillance.The survey a
20、ppears to show frustration. While 61% of respondents told Pew they “would like to do more“ to be anonymous online, only 24% said it is “easy“ to do so. Also, 88% of respondents said it is difficult to delete inaccurate information about themselves once it gets on the Internet. Most respondents said
21、old-fashioned communicationa landline phoneis the most secure way to contact people.(193 words)（分数：2.00）_36.汉译英_37.中国文学海外传播工程由中国文化走出去协同创新中心和美国俄克拉荷马大学合作实施，计划在三年内出版 10 卷本当代中国文学英译丛书；在美国创办今日中国文学英文学术期刊，刊发当下中国优秀文学作品，介绍当代中国优秀作家，增强中国文学的国际影响力；在北京举办“中国文学海外传播”国际学术研讨会。目前，该工程已投入建设经费 800 余万元。(160 words)（分数：2.00）_
22、38.首先我代表中国政府和人民，代表我的夫人，也以我个人的名义对各位贵宾的到来表示热烈的欢迎! 这几天我每天早晨起来以后的第一件事，就是看看北京空气质量如何，希望雾霾小一些，以便让各位远方的客人到北京时感觉舒适一点。好在是人努力天帮忙啊，这几天北京空气质量总体好多了，不过我也担心我这个话说早了，但愿明天的天气也还好。这几天北京空气质量好，是我们有关地方和部门共同努力的结果，来之不易。我要感谢各位，也感谢这次会议，让我们下了更大的决心，来保护生态环境，有利于我们今后把生态环境保护工作做得更好。也有人说，现在北京的蓝天是 APEC 蓝，美好而短暂，过了这一阵就没了，我希望并相信通过不懈的努力，AP
23、EC 蓝能够保持下去。 我们正在全力进行污染治理，力度之大，前所未有，我希望北京乃至全中国都能够蓝天常在，青山常在，绿水常在，让孩子们都生活在良好的生态环境之中，这也是中国梦中很重要的内容。(381 words)（分数：2.00）_2015 年西安外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.Home schooling is gradually becoming popular in China nowadays. Some parents, who dont agree with curr
24、ent education in full-time schools, send their children to private tutors who give classes about Four Books, Five Classics, Four Arts, English, math, etc.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：在家教育)解析：3.The Ice Bucket Challenge is an activity involving dumping a bucket of ice water on someones head to promote awarene
25、ss of the disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and encourage donations to research.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：冰桶挑战)解析：4.Almost 46, 000 homes in Switzerland are empty, a 14 percent increase over last year, as the national housing vacancy rate rose to more than one percent, new government figures show.
26、（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：房屋空置率)解析：5.The 7th reform plan for Chinas salt industry calls for an end of Chinas salt monopoly starting in 2016.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：食盐专营)解析：6.China says many teenagers are Internet addicts . It says they have grown dependent on the Internet. Some critics even call the Interne
27、t “electronic heroin. “（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：上网成瘾者)解析：7.On Wednesday, in immediate response to the deadly disease, President Barack Obama asked for $1. 5 billion in emergency back-up money .（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：紧急备用金)解析：8.The debt ceiling is a legal limit on the amount of money the federal government
28、 of the United States can borrow.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：债务上限)解析：9.Carpooling is seen as a more environmentally friendly and sustainable way to travel as sharing journeys reduces carbon emissions and the need for parking spaces.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：拼车)解析：10.Technology that could lead to the creation of
29、 glasses-free 3D films at cinemas has been developed by researchers in South Korea.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：裸眼 3D 电影)解析：11.Members of Pennsylvanias House of Representatives and many of their employees are no longer allowed to accept cash gifts except from family and close friends.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：接收
30、礼金)解析：12.Three-D printers are used to make everything from automobile parts to bone replacements for human patients. American research scientists are now working on creating replacements for living tissue .（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：活体组织)解析：13.One method of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks which
31、 are barriers formed by trees and other plants.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：防风林)解析：14.The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees is mandated to lead a coordinated international action to protect refugees and resolve refugee problems worldwide.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：联合国难民事务高级专员办事处)解析：15.Ch
32、ina and Australia on Monday signed a declaration of intent on practically concluding bilateral negotiations on a free trade agreement(FTA) .（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：自由贸易协定)解析：16.The way the taxi-hailing apps work is by letting potential passengers put their location information into the app, which is th
33、en sent to yellow cabs. The first taxi to arrive on the scene gets to pick up the consumer.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：叫车软件)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第四次全体会议于 20 日至 23 日在北京召开，研究全面推进 依法治国 问题。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：rule of law)解析：19.亚洲最大规模的专业旅游交易会一一 2014 中国国际旅游交易会 于 11 月 14 日到 16 日举行。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：2
